103 quiz7

created or controls some aspects of the world.

A god is a spiritual being who: Select one: a. is responsive to prayer and magic performed by human beings. b. created or controls some aspects of the world. c. is a single, most powerful creator and ruler. d. is understood to be intimately involved in the lives of those who believe it. e. rarely experiences psychological states similar to those experienced by humans.

give meaning and order to the world

A religious cosmology - or worldview - functions primarily to Select one: a. give meaning and order to the world b. differentiate between primitive and civilized societies c. increase technical control over the environment d. increase the control of the upper classes over the lower e. keep society in a constant state of conflict and uncertainty

False

All rituals are religious in nature. True or False?

Not only are these efforts based on middle- and upper-class norms, but, for example, they do not perceive the world from the impoverished peoples point of view. For example promoting education is well and good, but only if it provides access to higher paying jobs. In the favelas this is not the case. See pages 370-371, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is: Such efforts are based on middle- and upper-class norms, which are not universal.

Efforts of reformers to help the impoverished, working children of Brazils favelas (slums) are often ineffective or even harmful because Select one: a. Such efforts are based on middle- and upper-class norms, which are not universal. b. Such efforts try to impose education on people who clearly have no interest in learning. c. Such efforts are based on handouts, when people need to learn to work for themselves. d. Such efforts do not consult with children about their desires, so the children inevitably rebel. e. Such efforts always run out of money at critical moments, so local people do not believe in them.

Pillage, stripping an area of money, goods and raw materials through threat or physical violence; and peonage, forced labor, were key tactics for European expansion. See pages 344-345, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is: Pillage and peonage.

European expansion tactics included: Select one: a. Bartering with other countries. b. Forming alliances with other countries. c. Offering technology in return for gold. d. Pillage and peonage. e. Profit-sharing with local people.

As a rite of intensification, attending a football game and participating in the rituals of support and spirit increases collective identity and thus one's loyalty to the school community. See Nanda and Warms, pp. 330-1. The correct answer is: True

Going to a college football game is an example of a rite of intensification. True or False?

Education was often aimed at the children of elites. See page 355, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is: Training the well-positioned children of the local elites.

In colonies, education was frequently aimed at: Select one: a. Achieving as near universal literacy as was possible. b. Fostering creativity and independence leading to prosperity. c. Training the people thought to be most primitive. d. Educating the poor, so they would back colonial regime. e. Training the well-positioned children of the local elites.

Compelling connections between newly independent nations and their former colonial powers remained. There diplomatic and cultural ties; and economic ties persisted as well. European and American corporations continued their operations, albeit frequently with new names. In the 1960s, the word neocolonialism came to express the idea that although nations were no longer colonized, many of the institutions of colonialism remained intact. See page 357, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is: The idea that although nations were no longer colonized, many institutions of colonialism remained.

Neocolonialism refers to: Select one: a. The idea that although nations were no longer colonized, many institutions of colonialism remained. b. The process of regaining lost culture among the local people in a formerly colonized nation. c. The idea that strong cultural exchanges should ideally be maintained between ex-colonies and colonizers. d. The process of finding ways for the United States to maintain direct power in European nations after World War II. e. A new form of colonialism emerging in the globalization era of the 21st century.

Prayer and magic are used to aid a person or community most commonly when the predictability of an outcome is uncertain (see Nanda and Warms, p. 324.). The correct answer is: the outcome of an event is uncertain.

Prayer and magic are most likely to be used when Select one: a. people are superstitious b. people take the time to carefully consider an event c. the outcome of an event is uncertain d. people are secure in their worlds e. the success of a technique is assured

False

Religion and religious practices serve no purpose in maintaining social order and structure. True or False?

True. Societies in Latin America and the Caribbean, where Europeans attempted to supress African or indigenous religions and impose Catholicism on enslaved or colonized populations, are noted for having a wide range of religious syncretic practices and belief systems. See Nanda and Warms, pp. 340-1.

Religious syncretism is most often found among oppressed populations such as those with a history of slavery and colonialism. True or False?

True

Sacrifice, prayer, divination, and magic are all means of contacting and controlling supernatural spirits and powers. True or False?

The men in colonized Africa drafted by European militaries were largely forgotten by history; they received little or no compensation as pensions and after decolonization were disparaged by their compatriots as having wasted their time. See pages 352-353, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is: Received paltry if any pensions and lost respect of their countrymen after decolonization.

The King's African Rifles and the Senegalese Riflemen: Select one: a. Proudly volunteered to serve European militaries during World War I and World War II. b. Are contemporary music groups that decry the horrors of their countries' colonized past. c. Were slaves sent by their local African leaders to join battles in European lands. d. Received paltry if any pensions and lost respect of their countrymen after decolonization. e. Valiantly fought to resist European dominance during the first half of the twentieth century.

The demand for slaves was created by monoculture plantationsfarms devoted to the production of a single crop for sale to distant consumers. & Through the 19th century, sugar was the most important monoculture crop. See page 346, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is: Growing sugar.

The critical thing that created the demand for African slaves in the Americas was: Select one: a. Road construction. b. Growing sugar. c. Mining. d. Missionary work. e. Fishing and whaling.

are dissatisfied with the way they believe the world is

The people most likely to be attracted to a prophecy or create religions that challenge the mainstream are those who Select one: a. wield a lot of power in society b. are men between the ages of 17 and 30 c. are dissatisfied with the way they believe the world is d. are looking to avoid taking responsibility for their actions e. have too much leisure time

Modernization theory started with the presumption that former colonies were poor because they had underdeveloped, backwards economies, and they had those economies because their cultures and ways of thinking were dominated by traditions that opposed the rational style of thinking demanded by modern society. See pages 363-364, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is: Modernization theory.

The view that people in poor nations had traditional cultures and ways of thinking that opposed rationalism was characteristic of: Select one: a. Modernization theory. b. Applied anthropology. c. Socialism. d. Dependency theory. e. Revitalization movements.

Neoliberalism is a series of political and economic policies promoting free trade, individual initiative and minimal government regulation of the economy. See page 365, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is: The belief that governments should be small and should promote free trade and individual initiative.

Which of the following correctly describes neoliberalism? Select one: a. The belief that all governments should provide a social net for all eligible citizens. b. The belief that American style of representative democracy is the best form of government. c. The belief that major industries serve a country best if ownership is socialized. d. The belief that laws of a nation should be applied equally and fairly to all of its citizens. e. The belief that governments should be small and should promote free trade and individual initiative.

scientific propositions must be open to empirical testing while religious propositions have no such constraints as they are based on faith

Which of the following denotes an accurate difference between science and religion? Select one: a. science is concerned with looking for the truth, religion is not b. people use science, not religion, to understand the world c. disagreement is allowed in science but not religion d. scientific thinking has a great deal of effect on the way people live, religion does not e. scientific propositions must be open to empirical testing while religious propositions have no such constraints as they are based on faith

Great Britain, France, and Belgium

Which of the following nations held colonial possessions at the turn of the 20th century (1900)? Select one: a. Spain, Portugal, and Saudi Arabia b. Canada, Australia, and New Zealand c. Japan, China, and Thailand d. Great Britain, France, and Belgium e. Germany, Russia, and Hungary

Europeans forced both peoples whose lands they conquered and their own lower classes into vassalage (forced labor). See page 345, Nanda and Warms. The correct answer is 'False'.

While Europeans practiced slavery in Africa, they rarely forced other Europeans into any form of servitude. True or False?