11.2
In the book _______ Travels, Jonathan Swift satirizes human behavior.
Gulliver's
Which statements about Voltaire are true?
He condemned organized religion and religious fanaticism. He was educated by Jesuits.
Neoclassicism was inspired and fueled by the archaeological excavations of which locations?
Herculaneum and Pompeii
How does Neoclassical architecture compare to earlier architectural styles?
-It is geometric -It is austere
What was the primary target of Hogarth's visual satire, The Marriage Transaction?
Arranged marriages for money and status
Olaudah Equiano was born in the West African kingdom of __________.
Benin
The painting shown here, The Bath of Venus, depicts the ______ of Louis XV as Venus.
mistress
What technique, used by Hogarth, visually exaggerates peculiarities or defects for a comic effect?
Caricature
In the West, the modern novel, based on realistic characters and settings, first became established in which country at the beginning of the eighteenth century?
England
Which statements about Alexander Pope are correct?
He was a British poet. His poem Essay on Man is an attempt to explain humankind's place in the universe. He was largely self-taught.
What makes Voltaire's Candide a work of satire?
His portrayal of Enlightenment optimism as naive.
What is true about William Hogarth and his prints?
Hogarth's prints were so popular that they were often pirated and sold without his consent.
Jean-Antoine Houdon's sculpture is ______ in style.
Neoclassical
Which is true about Neoclassical architecture?
Neoclassical architects took inspiration from simple geometric shapes.
What did Jean-Antoine Houdon sculpt?
Portrait busts and life-sized sculptures
What subject was the primary focus of Marie-Louise-Elizabeth Vigee-Lebrun's paintings.
Portraits of women
This painting, The Bath of Venus, by Francois Boucher most emphasizes what element?
Sensuous pleasure
Which industry was transformed first in the Industrial Revolution (around 1700 to 1800)?
Textile manufacturing
How did Chardin's genre paintings compare to those of Greuze?
They were less sentimental and moralizing.
The term "___________" style derives from rocaille, the French word for ornate rock or shellwork that ornamented gardens or grottoes.
rococo
In his art-historical scholarship, what element of the ancient artworks uncovered in excavations did Johann Joachim Winckelmann call attention to?
Noble simplicity
How can Alexander Pope be described?
Optimist
What can be said about the rise of newspapers and periodicals in the eighteenth century?
Prose style became more informal.
In the eighteenth century, what was the primary product for which Europeans enslaved African people?
Sugar
Eighteenth-century genre paintings tended to reflect ______ values, like the contemporary novel and theater.
middle-class
What does this painting, The Swing, depict?
Frivolous romantic intrigue
Who was the architect for Monticello?
Thomas Jefferson
What does this painting, The Oath of the Horatii, depict?
Three brothers swearing to fight to the death to defend Roman liberty
The ______ century is considered history's greatest age of satire.
eighteenth
The work of art shown here is best described as a ______ painting.
genre
What natural disaster cast doubt on Voltaire's beliefs that a good God had created the universe or that humans were by nature rational?
An earthquake and tidal wave in Lisbon, Portugal that killed over 20,000 people in 1755.
Who painted this work, the Departure from the Island of Cythera?
Antoine Watteau
Which country was a big influence on the art and design of European Rococo?
China
What emerged in the eighteenth century?
Daily newspapers Magazines
Who was the author of Robinson Crusoe, a notable early modern novel?
Daniel Defoe
Which is true about Olaudah Equiano?
Equiano was kidnapped in Africa, sold into slavery, traveled widely, and upon being freed became an outspoken abolitionist.
Voltaire was the pen name for which author?
Francois Marie Arouet
Rococo sculpture is characterized by what features?
Intimacy and spontaneity
What role did Neoclassical architecture have in Napoleon's France?
It was the vehicle for French imperialism.
Which characteristics mark the sculpture shown here as Neoclassical?
Its elegance Its placing its subject in the guise of Venus Its sense of emotional remoteness and reserve
This genre painting, The Kitchen Maid, was by which artist?
Jean-Baptiste-Simeon Chardin
The Swing was painted by which artist?
Jean-Honore Fragonard
Who was the author of the History of Ancient Art, published in 1764?
Johann Joachim Winckelmann
What were some of the social effects of early industrialization?
Long working hours under dangerous conditions
What was the voyage on which slaves were transported between Africa and the America called?
Middle Passage
The Salon de la Princesse demonstrates characteristics of ______ architectural style.
Rococo
What style emerged at the end of the Baroque era is described as rich in ornamentation, delicate and playful?
Rococo
What style of eighteenth-century visual art earned the disapproval of many philosophes, prompting Denis Diderot to demand an art that made "virtue attractive and vice odious?"
Rococo
What type of work is Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels?
Satire
_______ introduced indignant protest through humor and was used to point out the contradictions between Enlightenment ideals and reality.
Satire
Neoclassicism differed from earlier revivals of classical ideals due to what circumstance?
Scientific studies of ancient ruins.
What element in Marie-Louise Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun's paintings demonstrate the Rococo style?
Self-conscious materialism
Which of the following buildings were designed by Thomas Jefferson using Classical and Renaissance models?
The Virginia State Capitol Monticello, his country estate The University of Virginia Rotunda
Which of the following elements of The Oath of the Horatii mark it as Neoclassical in style?
The archaeological correctness of elements such as clothing and helmets The use of hard contours and somber colors The figures stand on a horizontal line of the picture plane
Which are characteristics of the paintings of Antoine Watteau?
The pursuit of pleasure The fleeting nature of love
What do Jean-Baptiste Greuze's paintings represent?
The simple virtues of everyday life
A technique used by Hogarth involving the exaggeration of peculiarities or defects is called ______.
caricature
Which statements about Rococo sculpture are true?
-It usually depicted lighthearted subjects. -The finest examples are small in scale.
The idealized nude sculptures of Hellenic Greece were rivaled by the works of which Italian-born artist?
Antonio Canova
The Arch of Triumph was inspired by which ancient landmark?
Arch of Titus
