12.2 "The Harding Presidency"

Warren G. Harding:

29th president of the United States

Kellogg-Briand Pact:

64 nations signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact. By signing the Pact, these nations said they would give up war as national policy.

Ohio Gang:

Harding's friends and advisors, These were the president's poker-playing buddies from back home.

Fordney-McCumber Tariff:

High tax on imports adopted in 1922, congress passed this, This tariff protected American business from foreign competition. But the tariff made it impossible for Britain and France to sell their goods in the United States.

Teapot Dome scandal:

Scandal surrounding Albert Fall, It involved pieces of land called Teapot Dome and Elk Hills. This land was owned by the government and held large reserves of oil. Albert B. Fall, Harding's secretary of the interior, secretly leased the land to two oil companies. He received money and property in return.

Charles Evans Hughes:

Secretary of state under Harding, urged that no more warships should be built for ten years and that the five major naval powers—the U.S., Great Britain, Japan, France and Italy—would scrap many of their existing warships

Albert B. Fall:

Secretary of the interior under Harding, Harding's secretary of the interior, secretly leased the land to two oil companies. He received money and property in return.

How did the Dawes Plan solve the problems created by the Fordney-McCumber Tariff?

The Dawes Plan solved the problems created by the Fordney-McCumber Tariff by solving a conflict between Germany and France, preventing another war. So he loans Germany money so they can pay Britain and France, so Britain and France and pay the U.S. Thus, the U.S. ended up getting paid with its own money

How did the Fordney-McCumber Tariff affect other countries?

The Fordney-McCumber Tariff affected other countries by having France and Britain put pressure on Germany to pay its promised reparations. But Germany could not make the payment because their economy had been destroyed. So French troops marched into Germany. To avoid another war, American banker Charles Dawes negotiated a settlement to end the loan crisis under the Dawes Plan.

What does the Teapot Dome scandal tell about President Harding?

The Teapot Dome scandal shows that President Harding is a bad president that took advantage of his presidency. Herding administration consisted of corrupt men.

What was the goal of the Kellogg-Briand Pact?

The goal of the Kellogg-Briand Pact was to give up war as national policy.

Dawes Plan:

Under the Dawes Plan, as the solution was called, the U.S. loaned money to Germany to pay back Britain and France which then repaid their American loan. Thus, the U.S. ended up getting paid with its own money. The solution left bitter feelings. Britain and France saw the U.S. as a miser for not paying its fair share of the costs of war; the U.S. felt Britain and France were financially irresponsible.