1302 History Ch. 29-31

Newsweek magazine discouraged women from even attending college when it proclaimed that

"books and babies don't mix"

In The Crack in the Picture Window, John Keats described suburban life as

"homogeneous, postwar Hell"

Houses in Levittown in the early 1950s all sold for just under

$6,900

Baseball was integrated in 1947 when Jackie Robinson played for the

Brooklyn Dodgers

The strongest and most visible opposition to Diem's government was led by

Buddhists

The United States experienced a shock in 1949 when Communists took over

China

The Equal Employment Opportunities Commission was created by the

Civil Rights Act of 1964

The First Indochina War ended when the French suffered a major defeat at

Dien Bien Phu

By the spring of 1945, the United States and Britain were becoming deeply concerned over Soviet actions in

Eastern Europe

Adlai E. Stevenson was

Eisenhower's opponent for president in both 1952 and 1956

All of the following became critical of Johnson's Vietnam policy EXCEPT

General William Westmoreland

President Johnson labeled his overall program of domestic reform the

Great society

As a result of the Truman Doctrine

Greece and Turkey were less vulnerable to communism

Which of the following is NOT true of the GI Bill?

Its huge cost did not justify its benefits.

In South Vietnam in the early 1960s

Kennedy was increasing the number of American military advisers

The location of William Levitt's first suburban development was

Long Island

The African American writer who explored the theme of social alienation in Invisible Man was

Ralph Ellison

The 1946 congressional elections resulted in

Republican control of congress

In the 1964 election

Republicans continued to make gains in the Deep South

The person who benefited most from the outcome of the Hiss-Chambers case was

Richard Nixon

On June 5, 1968, Sirhan Sirhan shot and killed

Robert Kennedy

The conventional, or "orthodox," view of cold war history holds whom or what most responsible for beginning this conflict?

Stalin's quest for world domination

The second-place finisher in the 1948 election was

Thomas Dewey

The Tet offensive marked a turning point in public support for the war in Vietnam

True

As the 1948 election approached

Truman seemed to be in deep political trouble

The 1948 election is probably best remembered for

Truman's upset victory

UN forces reaching the Yalu River brought about

a massive Chinese intervention

Life magazine's ideal woman of the mid-1950s was

a white suburban housewife

Jackson Pollock pioneered the style of painting known as

abstract expressionism

At the 1948 Democratic convention, Minneapolis mayor Hubert Humphrey urged his party to

adopt a strong civil rights plank

The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947

allowed the president to impose a "cooling-off" period during major strikes

Dulles's policy of "brinksmanship" involved

averting war through the threat of nuclear force

One of Johnson's major goals in Vietnam was to

avoid losing it to communism

With the end of World War II, Korea

became divided into northern and southern halves

In regard to Israel's founding in 1948, the United States

became the first country to recognize the Jewish state

President Truman vetoed the McCarran Internal Security Act

because he felt it promoted thought control

By 1960, about 65 percent of Americans

belonged to a church

By 1966, black leaders like Stokely Carmichael and H. Rap Brown were proponents of what they termed

black power

The Cuban missile crisis

brought the United States and the Soviet Union close to nuclear war

Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council

can veto any major proposal

The postwar economic boom was fueled mainly by

cold war-related military spending

In the postwar era, the trend in the corporate sector was toward

consolidation and concentration

One of Truman's great strengths as he assumed the presidency was his

decisive character

In his Letter from Birmingham City Jail, Martin Luther King

declared his willingness to break unjust laws

Alan Freed was a notable

disc jockey

The Tet offensive of early 1968

dramatically affected public support for Johnson's war policy

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

dramatically expanded black votes in the South

On the domestic front, President Truman soon made clear his intention to

enlarge the New Deal

In 1961, Khrushchev escalated tensions over Berlin by

erecting the Berlin Wall

Senator McCarthy was very effective in

exploiting public fears

The youthful rebels known as the Beats

favored road trips, Buddhism, and jazz

Truman fired MacArthur

for insubordination

Soviet and Communist activities in regard to Turkey and Greece were intended to

gain the Soviets access to the Mediterranean

In retrospect, Johnson's war on poverty

generated middle-class resentment that benefited the Republicans

President Johnson's first priority on the domestic front was to

get Kennedy's legislative program through Congress

With the end of World War II, women workers were encouraged to

give up their jobs to returning veterans

Richard Nixon:

had a reputation for hard-line anticommunism and rough campaign tactics

During the 1950s, novelist John Updike observed

he and other writers felt estranged "from a government that extolled business and mediocrity"

The purpose of Kennedy's proposed tax cut was to

help the economy by stimulating consumer spending

Ultimately, the Beats

helped inspire the youth revolt of the 1960s

A major economic problem President Truman faced immediately after the war was

high rates of inflation

The person most persuasive in getting President Kennedy to endorse civil rights would have been

his brother, Robert

Kennedy's inauguration is best remembered for

his elegant and inspiring rhetoric

Truman's response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin in 1948 was to

launch a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin

Two decades after 1940

life expectancy for nonwhites rose ten years and black wage earnings increased fourfold

President Kennedy's cabinet was dominated by

men with new ideas and fresh thinking

Truman viewed his victory as a mandate for

moderate liberalism

Beginning with Watts, the major race riots of 1965 and 1966

occurred largely outside the South

The Civil Rights Act of 1964

outlawed segregation in public facilities

In the Truman years, the United States abandoned a longtime tradition with its involvement in

peacetime alliances

In The Affluent Society, John Kenneth Galbraith pointed out the

persistence of poverty

Michael Harrington's book, The Other America, influenced President Johnson to declare war on

poverty

In the 1960 presidential race, John F. Kennedy

promised to get the country "moving again"

The Yalta pledges of democratic elections in Eastern Europe

proved to be meaningless

One major reason that World War II inspired postwar changes in race relations was the

racist nature of the enemies of the United States

In regard to the Rosenbergs, who had been convicted of atomic espionage, President Eisenhower

refused to halt their executions

Changes in immigration law in 1965

removed quotas based upon national origin

In its controversial Miranda v. Arizona decision, the Warren Court

required that an accused person be informed of certain basic rights

The Hiss-Chambers case

resulted in Hiss's being convicted of lying about espionage

The 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago

resulted in massive rioting in the streets

The music Alan Freed labeled rock and roll was actually

rhythm and blues

Malcolm X

said blacks should be proud of their African heritage

State Department official George Kennan

said the United States should contain Soviet expansionist tendencies

Between 1945 and 1960, home ownership

significantly increased

The baby boom

started in 1946

In the Brown decision, the Supreme Court

struck down "separate but equal" in public education

Elvis was especially controversial because of his

suggestive gyrations on stage

When confronted with strikes in the coal and railroad industries in 1946, President Truman's response was to

temporarily seize those industries

Who tagged Truman "the No. 1 strikebreaker"?

the Congress of Industrial Organizations

One sign of the times came in 1954 when Congress added the words "under God" to

the Pledge of Allegiance

When North Korean Communists invaded South Korea

the United Nations authorized military intervention against the aggressors

One major reason for religion's growing appeal in the 1950s was

the desire to combat godless communism

In 1947, President Truman took actions to banish Communists from

the federal government

Before becoming president, Eisenhower was most shaped by his experience in

the military

In 1948, President Truman desegregated

the military

Most blacks who moved to Chicago were fleeing terrible poverty in

the rural south

The protest tactic initiated by black students in Greensboro, North Carolina, was

the sit-in

In his Wheeling speech, Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of Communists in

the state department

The postwar era witnessed its most dramatic population growth in

the sunbelt

In early 1968, increasing opposition to the war within his own party

ultimately forced Johnson out of the presidential race

By the 1950s, suburban life was marked by an increasing

uniformity

The phenomenon of "white flight" in the 1950s

was a major cause of the growth of the suburbs

The result of the 1960 election

was likely determined by African American votes in a few southern states

The Bay of Pigs invasion

was thoroughly bungled by the CIA

The Tonkin Gulf resolution

was used by Johnson as a substitute for a declaration of war

By and large, Truman's Fair Deal proposals

were thwarted by a conservative coalition in Congress

By the mid-1950s, most workers

were white collar

Inch'on was the site

where General MacArthur turned the war around with an amphibious landing

During the 1950s, the income gap between whites and blacks

widened

The secretary of state who devised the plan of massive economic recovery aid to Europe was

George Marshall

Violence erupted in 1962 when James Meredith attempted to integrate

The university of Mississippi

Secretary of State John Foster Dulles could be viewed as a sixteenth-century religious zealot in that he

divided the world into forces of good and evil

By the mid-1960s, Martin Luther King had decided to

emphasize the need for economic uplift for the black urban poor

Many critics of American life in the 1950s believed that middle-class society suffered from

excessive conformity

The Reverend Norman Vincent Peale emphasized

faith, enthusiasm, and joy

In the 1964 campaign, Republican nominee Barry Goldwater

offered a sharply conservative alternative to Johnson's policies

The Soviet acquisition of the atomic bomb in 1949 inspired Truman to

order the development of a hydrogen bomb

John F. Kennedy was careful to conceal from the public during the 1960 campaign his

personal health

A very important reason for passage of the GI Bill was to

prevent the return of the Depression

Johnson's Medicare program provided medical benefits to

those over age 65