14a The Psychological Therapies
Marlow is suffering from schizophrenia. In addition to medication, Marlow sees a therapist once a week to help him re-socialize and modify his maladaptive behaviors. Marlow's therapist is most likely using what approach?
eclectic
Nancy's therapist is an active listener who often paraphrases what she says. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. He gives her appropriate validation and encourages her to reflect on her feelings. He wants to deepen her self-understanding. Her therapy is most likely:
client-centered.
It is possible to conduct _____ over the Internet.
cognitive-behavioral therapy
Therapists often suggest _____ when the client's problems stem from their social interactions with others.
group therapy
This perspective has emphasized people's inherent potential for self-fulfillment.
humanistic
One of the goals of humanistic therapy is to:
promote growth, not curing illness.
This therapy evolved out of the classic psychoanalytic thera
psychodynamic
Psychotherapy involves a therapist using _____ techniques to assist someone seeking help.
psychological
Unconditional positive regard is a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which this therapist believed to be conducive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance.
Carl Rogers
Systematic desensitization is a form of:
exposure therapy.
Cognitive therapy assumes that:
faulty thinking is the root of mental illness.
Although few therapists practice using Freud's original theory, it did help:
form the foundation for treating psychological disorders.
The three main features that humanistic therapists hope to exhibit are:
genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.
Except for traditional _____, most therapies may also occur in small groups.
psychoanalysis
This is a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed to be conducive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance.
unconditional positive regard
According to humanistic therapy, this is more important than unconscious thought
conscious thought
_____ are therapies that treat anxieties by exposing people to the things they fear and avoid.
exposure
Classical psychoanalysts are especially interested in:
interpreting the meaning of clients' resistance to therapeutic procedures.
A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates:
exposure thearpy
Mental health reform came about from _____ and Dorothea Dix.
pinel
Psychologist call the overgeneralizing and self-blaming thinking associated with depression _____.
catastrophizing
Behavior therapies assume that _____ are the problems.
problem behaviors
_____ therapy involves the client and therapist meeting once or twice a week over a few weeks or months as opposed to meeting for several years.
psychodynamic
Although group therapy does not provide the same degree of therapist involvement as individual therapy it does do which of the following?
All of the listed reasons can be achieved with group therapy.
Who emphasized the importance of transference in the therapeutic process?
Sigmund Freud
To help Carl reduce his fear of flying, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is taking off in an airplane. The therapist's technique best illustrates _____.
Systematic desensitization
_____ therapists have attempted to reduce the inner conflicts that are impeding natural developmental growth by providing clients with new insights.
humanistic
In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The children return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of _____.
operant conditioning
Of the following people, who advocated for the more humane treatment of the mentally ill?
pinel
This therapy progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.
virtual reality exposure therapy
_____ is a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors.
Counterconditioning
Angelina is suffering from depression. Once a week she sees a therapist and with the therapist's help she has begun to explore her past experiences and how they might have contributed to her depression. In addition, Angelina's therapist has Angelina begin to adopt new ways of thinking about the current events in her life. Angelina's therapist is more than likely using which type of therapy?
psychotherapy
The aim of Freud's therapy was to bring a patient's _____ feelings into conscious awareness.
repressed
When a patient in psychoanalysis blocks anxiety-laden material from their consciousness they are experiencing:
resistance.
Family therapists view the family as a:
system.
To help Tom reduce his fear of flying, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is taking off in an airplane. The therapist's technique best illustrates:
systematic desensitization.
In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meal, not exercising after their meal, and for appropriate behaviors on the unit. This best illustrates an application of:
the token economy.
Conducting cognitive-behavioral therapy over the Internet has recently been seen as being _____.
beneficial
Carlos is suffering from bipolar disorder, a disorder where Carlos' mood shifts between periods of depression, periods of mania, and normal functioning. To help control the symptoms of his disorder, Carlos takes medication regularly. Carlos most likely sees a therapist who specializes in what type of therapy?
biomedical therapy
This is a widely practiced integrative therapy which aims not only to alter the way people think, but also to alter the way they act
cognitive-behavioral therapy