1.6 Terms and HW Questions

A ____-____ ____ is an experimental design in which the experimental units are paired up.

match-pairs design

Define placebo. A. Using treatments on many experimental groups B. An innocuous medication, such as a sugar tablet, that looks, tastes, and smells like the experimental medication C. A controlled study to determine the effect varying one or more explanatory variables or factors has on a response variable D. Grouping together similar experimental units

B

Define response variable. A. The effect of two factors (explanatory variables on the response variable) cannot be distinguished. B. The quantitative or qualitative variable for which the experimenter wishes to determine how its value is affected by the explanatory variable C. An innocuous medication, such as a sugar tablet, that looks, tastes, and smells like the experimental medication. D. The variable whose effect on the response variable is to be assessed by the experimenter

B

____ refers to nondisclosure of the treatment an experimental unit is receiving.

Blinding

What is replication in an experiment? Replication is... A. grouping together similar experimental units and then using random assignment B. randomly assigning each experimental unit to a treatment C. pairing up related experimental units D. applying each treatment to more than one experimental unit

D

Define treatment. A. The variable whose effect on the response variable is to be assessed by the experimenter B. Any combination of the values of the factors (explanatory variables) C. The quantitative or qualitative variable for which the experimenter wishes to determine how its value is affected by the explanatory variable D. A controlled study to determine the effect varying one or more explanatory variables or factors has on a response variable

B

Define confounding. A. Grouping together similar experimental units B. Using treatments on many experimental units C. The effect of two factors (explanatory variables on the response variable) cannot be distinguished D. A controlled study to determine the effect varying one or more explanatory variables or factors has on a response variable

C

Explain the difference between a single-blind and a double-blind experiment. A. A single blind experiment is one in which each experimental unit is randomly assigned to a treatment. A double blind experiment is one in which similar experimental units are grouped together and the experimental units within each block are randomly assigned to treatments. B. In a single-bline experiment, the researcher does not know what the response variable is. In a double-blind experiment, neither the subject nor the researcher knows what the response variable is. C. In a single-blind experiment, the subject does not know which treatment is received. In a double-blind experiment, neither the subject nor the researcher in contact with the subject knows which treatment is received.

C

Define experimental unit. A. The quantitative or qualitative variable for which the experimenter wished to determine how its value is affected by the explanatory variable. B. Any combination of the values of the factors (explanatory variables) C. An innocuous medication, such as a sugar tablet, that looks, tastes, and smells like the experimental medication D. A person, object, or some other well-defined item upon which a treatment is applied

D

Define factor. A. A controlled study to determine the effect varying one or more explanatory variables or factors has on a response variable B. An innocuous medication, such as a sugar tablet, that looks, tastes, and smells like the experimental medication C. Grouping together similar experimental units D. A variable whose effect on the response variable is to be assessed by the experimenter

D

Grouping together similar experimental units and then randomly assigning the experimental units within each group to a treatment is called... A. Confounding B. Blinding C. Desinging D. Blocking

D. Blocking

What is an experimental unit?

a person, object, or some other well-defined item upon which a treatment is applied

In ____-____ experiments, neither the experimental unit nor the researcher in contact with the experimental unit knows which treatment the experimental unit is receiving.

double-blind

A ____ ____ serves as a baseline treatment that can be used to compare it to other treatments.

control group

An experiment is a controlled study conducted to determine the effect varying one or more explanatory variables or _____ has on a response variable. Any combination of the values of the factors is called a _____.

factors; treatment

A ____ ____ ____ is used when the experimental units are divided into homogeneous groups called blocks.

randomized block design

In ____-____ experiments, the experimental unit does not know which treatment he/she is receiving.

single-blind