1&3

We tend to perceive our own behavior as stemming largely from ________ factors; we tend to perceive the behavior of others as stemming largely from ________ factors.

situational; dispositional

Suppose a researcher found a very strong, positive correlation between how much television a child watches and their levels of aggression. Which of the following conclusions is MOST accurate?

Given that this investigation represents a correlational study, it is impossible to determine the nature of causality.

evolutionary psychology

The branch of psychology that seeks to examine the potential role of genetic factors in different aspects of human behavior is known as

Suppose we are trying to discern whether an individual is lying based on his or her verbal and nonverbal information and cues. Which of the following statements BEST describes how well we will be able to judge whether this individual is lying?

We will probably pay more attention to her or his verbal cues and, in doing so, will have difficulty determining any deception.

Mary sees Greta trip while walking down an outside flight of steps and thinks to herself "What a clumsy person!" Five minutes later though, Mary trips on the same flight of steps and says to an onlooker, "It's very icy today!" This is an illustration of the _____.

actor observer bias

If, as Arkes and Tetlock have speculated, Jesse Jackson were to "fail" an IAT that asks about his attitudes toward African Americans, it is because ________.

although he does not endorse negative stereotypes of African Americans in culture, he has good knowledge of those stereotypes

Recent research on implicit processes demonstrate that such processes ________.

are quite influential in our social behavior and thought

Social psychologists are primarily interested in understanding the many factors and conditions that shape the social ________ and ________ of individuals.

behavior; thought

Although Sarah could afford any car she wants, she drives an aging Volkswagen. Sam, Sarah's friend, thinks that this choice says something about Sarah's personality. Sam agrees with the theory of

correspondent inference

Social psychologists seek to find basic principles that will explain social behavior; however, both _____differences and _____ social world make this challenging.

cultural; a rapidly changing

Social psychologists seek to find basic principles that will explain social behavior. However, ________differences and a(n) ________social world both make this challenging.

cultural; rapidly changing

The extent to which a person's reaction to a particular event differs from his or her reaction to other similar events is an indication of

distinctiveness

Much research on implicit processes has demonstrated that people often

do not know why they think or behave as they do

Much research on implicit processes has demonstrated that people often ___.

do not know why they think or behave as they do

Random assignment of research participants to experimental conditions means that

each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to each experimental condition

At an exclusive restaurant, Erin notices that her boyfriend cannot sit still during their meal. He is constantly rubbing his left knee, scratching an itch, or pulling his earlobe. This type of body language usually indicates

emotional arousal

In addition to social cognition and behavioral approaches, research on ______ has helped social psychologists develop a greater understanding of how people form impressions, choose to help others, and even comply with requests.

emotions

Despite some variation, universal mating preferences seem to exist for certain physical features. This fact suggests that these attractiveness features are influenced by

evolutionary factors

One study found that people tend to feel ________ after meeting someone new and engaging in impression management.

happier

Our personal beliefs about the way that certain traits occur together are known as ________.

implicit personality theories

Miller and Maner (2010) had men smell t-shirts worn by women and found that

men's testosterone levels went up after smelling shirts worn by ovulating women

Some social psychologists use deception in their research in order to

prevent the purpose of the research from having an effect on participants' behavior

One reason that social scientists put their faith in the scientific method is that the scientific method ________.

produces more conclusive evidence than other methods

The attribution process is the process by which we

seek to understand the causes of the behavior of others and ourselves

The fundamental attribution error refers to our tendency to underestimate the impact of __________ and to overestimate the impact of __________ in explaining the behavior of others

situational influences, personal dispositions

Members of collectivistic cultures are more likely to recognize more of the situational determinants of behavior than members of individualistic cultures are. As a result, members of collectivist societies are ________ the fundamental attribution error.

somewhat less likely to make

Which of the following is NOT an example of a basic channel of nonverbal communication?

speech

The process of carefully observing behavior as it occurs is known as ________ observation.

systematic

The focus of social psychology is on ________.

the behavior and thoughts of individuals

Abbie noticed that Kayla spends time talking to almost everyone she meets at work and believes that this is because Kayla is a friendly, outgoing person. In fact, Kayla is rather shy and withdrawn most of the time, but her job at a local bank requires that she talk with most of the bank's customers periodically. Abbie's perception of Kayla is mistaken because of _____.

the correspondence bias

) Suppose a company asked its workers "Now that you have received a raise, how satisfied are you with your job?" and found out that 87% indicated they were "very satisfied" or "satisfied." A major concern of this study would likely be ________.

the way a question was asked

sampling

The people who complete a survey must be representative of the population about which conclusions are to be drawn. This is known as the issue of

The branch of psychology that seeks to examine the potential role of genetic factors in different aspects of human behavior is known as ________.

evolutionary psychology

The extent to which experimental results can be generalized to real-life situations is a question of an experiment's

external validity

In an experiment, researchers wanted to know whether changing the level of lighting in a factory would have an effect on the productivity of employees. In order to address this question, three groups of employees were placed in separate work areas and the level of lighting was systematically varied for one group as the employees operated machinery that produced small electrical components. The number of components produced was carefully tallied at the end of each 8-hour shift. In this example, the independent variable is _____. level of lighting

lighting