2300 exam 2

A priority nursing intervention for a client with hypervolemia involves which of the following?

monitoring respiratory status for signs and symptoms of pulmonary complications

example of an isotonic solution

0.9% normal saline

The weight of a client with congestive heart failure is monitored daily and entered into the medical record. In a 24-hour period, the client's weight increased by 2 lb. How much fluid is this client retaining?

1l

A 54-year-old male patient is admitted to the hospital with a case of severe dehydration. The nurse reviews the patient's laboratory results. Which of the following results are consistent with the diagnosis? Select all that apply.

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 23 mg/dL Serum osmolality of 310 mOsm/kg Serum sodium of 148 mEq/L Urine specific gravity of 1.03

Which is the most common cause of symptomatic hypomagnesemia?

alcoholism

Which is an insensible mechanism of fluid loss?

breathing

A client reports tingling in the fingers as well as feeling depressed. The nurse assesses positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. Which decreased laboratory results does the nurse observe when the client's laboratory work has returned?

calcium

Which laboratory result does the nurse identify as a direct result of the client's hypovolemic status with hemoconcentration?

elevated hematocrit

The surgical nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative day 1 following a thyroidectomy. The client reports tingling in the lips and fingers. The client also reports an intermittent spasm in the wrist and hand and exhibits increased muscle tone. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse first suspect?

hypocalcemia

An elderly client takes 40 mg of furosemide twice a day. Which electrolyte imbalance is the most serious adverse effect of diuretic use?

hypokalemia

The nurse is working on a burn unit and an acutely ill client is exhibiting signs and symptoms of third spacing. Based on this change in status, the nurse should expect the client to exhibit signs and symptoms of which imbalance?

hypovolemia

Your client has a diagnosis of hypervolemia. What would be an important intervention that you would initiate?

limit sodium and water intake

Following a unilateral adrenalectomy, a nurse should assess for hyperkalemia as indicated by:

muslce weakness

A 64-year-old client is brought in to the clinic with thirsty, dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased urine output, fever, a rough tongue, and lethargy. Serum sodium level is above 145 mEq/L. Should the nurse start salt tablets when caring for this client?

no, sodium intake should be restricted

The calcium concentration in the blood is regulated by which mechanism?

parathyroid hormone

A client with pancreatic cancer has the following blood chemistry profile: Glucose, fasting: 204 mg/dl; blood urea nitrogen (BUN): 12 mg/dl; Creatinine: 0.9 mg/dl; Sodium: 136 mEq/L; Potassium: 2.2 mEq/L; Chloride: 99 mEq/L; CO2: 33 mEq/L. Which result should the nurse identify as critical and report immediately?

potassium

A client presents with fatigue, nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, and leg cramps. The laboratory values are as follows:sodium 142 mEq/L (142 mmol/L)potassium 3.0 mEq/L (3.0 mmol/L)chloride 106 mEq/L (106 mmol/L)Magnesium 2.3 mg/dL (0.95 mmol/L)What laboratory value is consistent with the client's symptoms?

potassium 3.0

A client with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps and distention is admitted to the health care facility. Which test result is most significant?

potassium level of 3

A client with chronic renal failure has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. What should the nurse assess first?

pulse

A patient has been involved in a traumatic accident and is hemorrhaging from multiple sites. The nurse expects that the compensatory mechanisms associated with hypovolemia would cause what clinical manifestations? (Select all that apply.)

tachypnea, tachycardia, oliguria

A client has a serum calcium level of 7.2 mg/dl (1.8 mmol/L). During the physical examination, the nurse expects to assess:

trousseau's sign