#28 The Early Cold War

The American ally and leader of the Chinese Nationalists after World War II was

Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)

Speaking about a potential conflict with ___________, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Omar N. Bradley, stated in 1951 that it "would involve us in the wrong war, at the wrong place, at the wrong time and with the wrong enemy."

China

President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles concluded that their aggressive policy of massive retaliation with nuclear weapons (rather than mere containment with conventional forces) was viable when their apparent willingness to use tactical nuclear weapons and their vague warnings seemed to force the

Chinese to sign and armistice in Korea

The containment policy articulated by George F. Kennan in his 1947 article "The Sources of Soviet Conduct" proposed which of the following courses of action?

Devoted effort by the United States to block expansion of the Soviet Union's global influence

According to the map "Air Relief to Berlin, 1948-1949" the American army occupied at least part of all the following cities EXCEPT

Dresden

Which was the original purpose of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?

Formulate a powerful mutual defense pact against the Soviet Union

The state capital that rhymes with the capital of Norway is

Juneau

The headquarters of NATO was originally located in ________, but later moved (by request) to its present location in ________.

Paris, France ... Brussels, Belgium

Which country listed was NOT an original member of NATO?

Spain

"It must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." This excerpt articulates a segment of American Cold War policy, formulated in 1947 to resist Soviet expansion into Greece and Turkey, known as the

Truman Doctrine

All of the following were considered Cold War victories for the United States EXCEPT the

U-2 incident

The Soviet Union's aggressive policies after World War II, especially in Eastern Europe, were characterized as extending the "Iron Curtain" by

Winston Churchill

All of the following were "satellite" countries of the Soviet Union, as members of the Warsaw Pact, EXCEPT

Yugoslavia

American foreign policy after 1945 was overwhelmingly shaped by

conflict with the Soviet Union

Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev announced that Soviet communism would

conquer capitalism through science and technology

After World War II, Korea was taken from Japan and

divided along the 38th parallel between the occupying American and Soviet forces

In April 1961, the CIA-sponsored Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba

failed because the Cuban people did not aid the invading force as expected

After the United States proposed the Marshall Plan, Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin

initially expressed interest, but then refused offer because of fears that Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe would become tied to the American economy

After a Nikita Khrushchev interview with publisher William Randolph Hearst, Jr. was published,

many Americans criticized President Dwight D. Eisenhower for allowing a missile gap

During the Cold War, American policy toward Latin America was characterized by

support of military dictators who joined the United States in resisting Soviet influence

The most apparent worldwide symbol of Europe's Cold War division between communist East and free West was

the Berlin Wall in Berlin

America's containment policy was based on the assumption that

the Soviet Union's appetite for territorial expansion would never be satisfied

The result of Senator Joseph McCarthy's reckless search for Communists within the United States during the 1950s was that

the reputations of many innocent people were ruined by false accusations of disloyalty

Senator Joseph McCarthy's investigative tactics found support among many Americans because

there was widespread fear of communist infiltration of the United States

After Mao Tse-tung's 1949 victory in China, President Harry S Truman

was criticized by conservatives for not backing Chiange Kai-shek strongly enough

The Herblock cartoon above encapsulates the Cold War concept of

"brinkmanship"

Which was NOT a component of the Cold War?

Appeasement regarding belligerent Soviet actions in order to save the world from massive war