29.1 Taking on Segregation

How did the Brown v. Board of Education affect the cause of civil rights?

Ended segregation in schools as a violation of the 14th amendment's equal protection clause

What were the circumstances surrounding "the crisis in Little Rock"?

Governor turns away first 9 AA student volunteers to integrate into the high school, while a federal judge said to let them in. 8 of the students were driven to school, while 1 faced abusive crowd.

Who inspired Martin Luther King, Jr.?

Jesus, writer Henry David Thoreau, Gandhi

What issues did the NAACP use to challenge the Plessy decision?

Morgan v. Virginia: the supreme court declared unconstitutional those state laws mandating segregated seating on interstate buses Sweat v. Painter: state law schools much admit black applicants, even if separate black schools exist

What was SCLC?

Southern Christian Leadership Conference; its purpose was "to carry on nonviolent crusades against the evils of second-class citizenship."

What was SNCC?

Student Nonviolence Cordinating Committee; its purpose was to coordinate sit-ins and other protests and to give young blacks a larger role in the civil rights movement.

How did sit-ins advance the cause of the civil rights movement?

Students defended on and desecrated lunch counters in some 48 cities and 11 states

What caused the Montgomery Bus Boycott and how did it end?

Rosa parks refused to give up her seat for a white person and got arrested. It ended in 1956, when the supreme court finally outlawed bus segregation.

How did the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) influence SNCC?

SNCC adopted MLK's ideas

How did the Plessy v. Ferguson case legalize segregation?

The supreme court ruled that the 'Separate but equal' law did not violate the 14th Amendment

What world event inspired African Americans to fight for civil rights at home?

WWII because of job opportunities and they fought in the war