2nd Industrial Revolution

Alexander Graham Bell

Alexander Graham Bell was the person that patented the telephone.

Alfred Nobel

Alfred Nobel was a Swedish Kevin that invented dynamite that was used widely in construction and in Warfare. Dynamite earned Nobel a fortune and he willed it to fund the Nobel Peace prizes that are still used today. He created these Awards because he felt bad because he created dynamite which destroyed many things.

Courbet

Courbet was a French painter who led the realism movement in the 19th century. In this movement realists focus on the harsh side of life

Interchangeable parts

Manufacturers begin designing products that had interchangeable parts the simplified assembly and the repair of many products created.

Telephone

the telephone was patented by Alexander Graham Bell.

Incandescent Light Bulb

Thomas Edison made the first electric light bulb soon his incandescent lamps illuminated the cities in the pace of city life quickened and factors could continue to operate After Dark.

Thomas Edison

Thomas Edison was an American inventor that made the first electric light bulb. Soon Edison's Incandescent lamps illuminated cities. The pace of the city life Quicken and factories can continue to operate after dark. In the 1890s cables carry the electrical power from dynamos to factories.

cartel

Cartels are a group of large corporations that join forces and form a cartel. It was an association to fix prices stop production quotas. in Germany a single-car tell fixed prices for about 170 coal mines.

Dickens

Charles Dickens was an English novelist who portrayed the lives of slum-dwellers factory workers and children. He wrote Oliver Twist which tells the story of a young boy living in a grim Poor House. Oliver asked a simple request of can I have some more please. With that request Oliver was smack them ahead and sent to work later he runs to London and is taken in by fad Jinnah villain who trains home with voice to pick pockets. Oliver Twist shocked many modern class readers with his picture of poverty and treatment of children in urban times. Dickens humor and colorful characters

Electricity

In the late 1800s electricity became a new power source. It replaced Steam and became the new dominant source of power. Scientists such as Ben Franklin experimented with electricity. Alessandro Volta developed the first battery. Michael Faraday created the first simple electric motor and first Dynamo. Generators and Transformers worked on principle of Faraday's dynamo.

Arguments for & against big business

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corporation

A corporation is a company or group of people authorized to act as a single Unity unrecognized such in law. It is a group of people elected to govern a city town or Borough.

Mutual-aid-society

A mutual Aid Society is where people help others for nothing or Mutual. This could also be known as a benefit such as a 401k.

Beethoven

Beethoven was the first composer to combine classical forms of music with a stirring Rage of sound. He was also the first composer to take advantage of the broad range of instruments and he was the first person to use all the instruments in the modern Orchestra.

stock

Being a stockholder was very low risk and none of the amount that they invested in the company could be held responsible for debts of the Corporation. Large amounts of Capital Corporation could expand with stocks.

Essay Compare & Contrast the 1st & 2nd Industrial Revolution

Both the first and second Industrial Revolution were times where people were creating and inventing new products to better the world around them. A difference between the two was that the second industrial revolution occurred much faster than the first. The first Industrial Revolution created very poor living conditions. for the working class. The Second Industrial Revolution tried to create better living conditions although it did not work very well. And another similarity in both revolutions people were crammed into small spaces. The Second Industrial Revolution created more sanitary conditions for people walking on the streets or living in the city. Another similarity is that if a person got hurt or sick that meant that there was unemployment in the family which is a loss of wage.

Degas

Edgar Degas was a famous French painter who painted dance class at the Opera. He was an impressionist painter.

Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale was a nurse in the Crimean War and she introduced better hygiene in the field hospitals. After the was she worked to introduce sanitary metres to the British hospitals. She founded the world's first nursing school.

Industrial leaders of the 1800's (countries)

Germany And America Were the leaders of industry in the 1800's.

Marconi

Guglielmo Marconi invented the radio. In 1901 he transmitted radio messages from Britain to Canada using Morse code. Radios became the Cornerstone to today's Global Communications see.

Henry Bessemer

Henry Bessemer developed a process to purify iron ore and produce new substances. Steal was later harder more durable than iron other is improved on Bessemer process so steel could be produced very cheap Italy. Rapidly became a major material used in tools Bridges and railroads.

Steel

Henry Bessemer developed a process to purify iron ore and to produce a new substance. Steel is lighter, harder and more durable than iron other improved on Bessemer's process so steel could be produced very cheaply. Steel rapidly became a major material used in tools, bridges and railroads. As steel production soared industrialized countries measured the success of steel output. The average German steel mill producers less than 5 million tons per year. in 1910 the same figure of Steel produced reached nearly 15 million metric tons.

Henry Ford

Henry Ford started making car models that reached up to 25 miles per hour. In the early 1900s Ford began using the assembly line to mass-produce cars which made us the leader in the car industry.

Joseph Lister

Joseph Lister was an English surgeon who discovered how antiseptics prevented infection, he insisted that surgeons washed their hands and sterilized instruments. The use of antiseptics reduced death from infection.

Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur was a French Chemist that showed the link between microbes and disease. He made other contributions such as vaccines against rabies, anthrax, and discovered pasteurization which kills disease carrying microbes in milk.

Michael Faraday

Michael Faraday created the first simple electric motor and first Dynamo generators and Transformers worked on principle of Faraday's dynamos.

Monet

Monet painted the cathedral in France the same angle but different lights at different times of the day.

Photography

Photography was a new Direction in Visual Arts photographs reflected a Fascination With Faraway places period in time photography as used the cameras represent a grim reality of Life. Mathew B. Brady was preserved realistic records of corpses strong from the battlefield. Other photographers proved the Vivid evidence of Harsh conditions in slums and industrial factories.

monopoly

Powerful Business Leaders created monopolies and trusts. Huge corporate structures that control the whole industry in areas of the economy.

Robert Koch

Robert Koch was a German doctor that identified the bacteria called tuberculosis. And in 1914 yellow fever and malaria had been traced back to microbes from mosquitoes.

Romanticism

Romanticism in art. Painters Broke Free from the discipline and strict rules of the Enlightenment. Jmw Turner sought to capture Beauty and power of nature. Bold brush strokes and color that kind of used showed tiny humans struggling against the sea storm.

Telegraph

Samuel FB Morse developed the telegraph. It sent coded messages over wires with electricity. In 1944 the first Telegraph line between Baltimore and Washington DC. In the 1860s undersea cables relaying messages went from Europe to North America. These messages were known as Morse code.

Germ theory

The Germ theory was when people figured out that there were germs and that they should wash their hands and clean. Florence Nightingale was one of the people that created better hygiene for people in hospitals and Joseph Lister discovered how antiseptics prevented infection.

Wright Brothers

The Wright brothers were two American bicycle makers that designed and flew a flimsy airplane at Kitty Hawk North Carolina. Flying machine stayed Aloft for only a few seconds and ushered in air age.

Assembly line

The assembly line was created in the early 1900s and was introduced by many manufacturers. Workers on the assembly line added parts to a product that moves along a belt from Station to Station.

Radio

The radio was invented by Marconi he first transmitted a radio message from Britain to Canada that was used with Morse code. The radio is now the Cornerstone of today's Global Communications.

Standard of living

The standard of living increased. We just buried throughout industrialized world and unskilled laborers we running less than the skilled. Woman received less than half the pay of men doing the same word. In the late 1800s pain labor is barely scraped during the economic slump. Periods of unemployment brought desperate hardships to workers and help boost union membership.

Urban renewal

The urban renewal was when city planners redid the cities so that it was easier for people to work and it was cleaner

Automobile

Transportation took a turn when Nikolaus Otto invented gasoline that powered internal combustion engines. Karl Benz received a patent for the first automobile that had a 3 wheels. Gottlieb Daimler Introduced the first four wheel automobile people laughed at the Horseless carriages which change Transportation forever.

Vincent van Gogh

Vincent van Gogh was a Dutch post impressionist painter who painted The Starry Night.

Impressionism

With photography there was a challenge to painters cameras could do the same thing but better than painters. In 1870 painters sought to capture the first fleeting impression made by seen an object on the row size. New movements of impressionism the started in Paris. Painters had carefully finished painting so there were no Strokes showed. Impression is brushed Strokes of color side by side without blending. According to the study of Optics human I would mix the patches of color together period by concentrating on visual Impressions artist achieved a fresh view of familiar object.

Improvements to working class conditions

Workers try to improve conditions of industrial life. They protested low wages long hours unsafe condition and the threat of unemployment. Business owners and the Government tried to silence the protesters. in the middle of the century workers slowly begins make progress and for Mutual Aid societies self-help groups socialist parties and organized Union Revolutions of 1830 and 1848 left images of workers discontent.

Dynamo

a Dynamo isa machine for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy; a generator.

Union

a union is the action of joining or being joined in a political context. It is a group of organized workers that formed to protect and further their rights and interests.

Realism

in the mid-1800s a new artistic movement in the west was known as realism. Realism showed the world as it was realist Focus their work on the harsh side of life. Writers and artists committed to improving lot of unfortunate whose lives they depicted. Realism in art. Painters also represented realities of the time. Rejected romantic emphasis on imagination and focus on ordinary subjects such as working-class men and women.