2nd Psychology Exam

Jane is a ten year old girl with a mental age of twelve. James intelligence quotient IQ calculated using Wilhelm Sterns formula is

120

The Electra complex involves

A gril longing for her father and resenting her mother

Ludwig a cellist, is memorizing a musical composition just by listening to it, without referring to the sheet music. he most likely is using a

Acoustic Code

includes problem-solving skills such as encoding information combining and comparing bits of information and generating a solution

Analytical intelligence

According to the elaboration likelihood model, the. Does not associate Objects with positive or negative cues

Central route

When ads focus on the quality of the product, they persuade people to change attitudes through

Central route

according to Robert sternbergs triangular model of love. Means deciding to enhance and maintain the relationship

Commitment

In the early 1950s a classic experiment on. Was conducted by Solomon asxh

Conformity

is the sensory register that briefly holds mental representations of auditory stimuli

Echoic memory

The kind of coding in which new information is related to information that is already known

Elaborative rehearsal

The feeling of. Encourages helping behavior and discourages aggression

Empathy

Modifies information so it can be placed in memory encoding is the first stage of information processing

Encode

believed that to a large extent a person is a conscious architect of his or her own personaliity

Erik Erikson

Memories concern generalized knowledge

Explicit

Episodic and semantic memory are two kinds of what type of memory

Explicit memory

The sensory register that briefly holds mental representation of visual stimuli

Iconic memory

Memory that is suggested (implied) but not plainly expressed as illustrated in the things that people do but do not state clearly

Implicit memory

Riding a bike or accessing a cell phone list are examples of which Type of memory

Implicit memory

In cultures that view he self as. People tend to make dispositional attributions

Independent

According to Robert sternbergs triangular model of love. Refers to a couples closeness to their mutual concern and sharing of feelings and resources

Intimacy

according to Robert sternbergs triangular model of love. Involves closeness and caring. Championing the interest of the loved one, even if it entails sacrificing ones own

Intimacy

which of the following is true about anterograde amnesiia

It is the failure to remember the events that occurred after a physical trauma

According to Freud which of the following is true of ego?

It stands for rational ways of coping with frustration

In psycholinguistic theory, the is a neural "prewiring" that facilitates a child's learning of grammar.

Language acquisition device

Implicit memory is also referred to as

Non Declarative memory

The activation of specific associations in memory often as a result of repetition and without making a conscious effort to access the memory

Priming

Memory to perform an act in the future as at a certain time or when a certain event occurs

Prospective memory

remembering to do something in the future

Prospective memory

The location of stored information and its return to consciousness, the third stage of information processing

Retrieval

The type or stage of memory first encountered by stimulus, sensory memory holds impressions briefly but long enough so that series of perceptions are psychologically continuous

Sensory memory

According to Durlez and stangor and Crandall. Is a source of prejudice

Social conflict

f the is damaged a person can form visual memories but not verbal memories

Thalamus

An is a systematic procedure for solving a problem that works invariably when it is correctly applied

algorithm

In the context of organization in long, a is an arrangement of items into groups or classes according to common or distinct features.

hierachy

Joshua a ten year old boy knows that snakes are reptiles all reptiles are animals and all animals are living things. In this scenario Joshua organizes concepts in

hierarchies

is also termed as modeling

observational learning

The theories of Sigmund Freud formed the basis of the of personality.

psychodynamic theories

The difference between the number of repetitions originally required to learn a list and the number of repetitions required to relearn the list after a certain amount of time has elapsed is known as

saving

Sarah was required to learn a list of 20 numbers in order. Initially she took 15 repetitions to learn the list. After five days she had forgotten the list of numbers and had to re-learn it. This time she only took eight tries to re-learn the numbers. The difference between the number of repetitions she originally took to learn the numbers and the number of repetitions she to re-learn the numbers is known as

savings

is the quality of language in which words are used as symbols for objects events or ideas

semanticity

Jim overhears a classmate explaining to a friend that people are free to do what they choose with their lives and that the meaning of their lives is what they give to it. He further explains that people have unique ways of looking at the world known as unique frame of reference. The classmate is describing views of

Carl rogers

A memory of an event in ones life is

Episodic memory

The humanistic psychologist carl rogers defined the. As the center of the experience

Self

Holds that innate factors, which make up childrens nature cause children to attend to and acquire language in certain ways

The nativist theory of language development

In the context of aggression which of the following is a perspective of social cognitive theorist

They believe that consciousness and choice play key roles in aggressive behavior among humans

To remember all the names of all the countries in Asia, Jennifer is mentally repeating all of the names several times. This scenario illustrates

maintenance rehearsal

according to Robert sternbergs triangular model of love. Is most crucial in short term relationships

Passion

The third memory process is

Retrieval

In the problem solver associates freely to the elements of the problem allowing leads to run a nearly limitless course

divergent thinking

Ava, a four year old girl, combines words to from her own sentences. In this scenario, Ava is demonstrating

infinite creativity

Brown and McNeils experiment on the tip of the tongue phenomenon revealed that

memory storage systems of humans are indexed according to both visual and audio cues

In the context of altruism people who are. Are more likely Not to help people in need

Apathetic

The. Proposes that there are three stages of memory, sensory, short term and long term

Atkinson-shiffrin model

Episodic is also referred to as

Autobiographical memory

Explicit memory. Also referred to as. Is memory for specific information

Declarative memory

Is the tendency to avoid helping other people in emergencies when other people are also present and apparently capable of helping

Deindividualization

Jessie and her mother argue about Jessie's choice of friends and dates. Her mother thinks Jessie is stubborn and resistant. Jessie thinks her mother is bossy and controlling. The assumptions are examples of

Dispositional attributions

The first stage of information processing is

Encodes

Memories of the events that happen to a person are. Memories

Episodic

What are memories of things that happen to us or are place In Our presence

Episodic memories

Fried believed that a major instinct. Aims to preserve and perpetuate life

Eros

Memory that clearly and distinctly expresses (explicates) specific information

Explicit memory

Which of the following statements is true of groupthink?

External threat heightens the cohesiveness of the group and is a source of stress

When Alex learned that the local supermarket sells chemically grown vegetables, he started buying vegetables that were sold at the organic farmers market. In the context of changing attitudes through persuasion Alex was influenced by

Fear appeal

The social cognitive theory pays less attention to. In explaining individual differences in behavior

Genetic variation

Which of the following is true about elaborative rehearsal

It involves extending the semantic meaning of the letters that need to be remembered.

according to Robert sternbergs triangular model of love which of the following is true of passiom

It involves preoccupation with the loved one

Which one of the following is a criticism of Frueds psychoanalytic theory.

It was too vague to scientifically measure the psychic structures

Which of the following is a shortcoming of Frueds psychoanalytic theory?

Its clinical method of gathering evidence is suspect

Mark and Tracy are close friends from second grad they share their feelings with each other but they lack passion or commitment. According to Robert sternbergs triangular model of love mark and Tracy's love is a form of

Liking

The mental repetition of information to keep it in memory is

Maintenance rehearsal

Twyla a girl from a wealthy family is seen constantly mocking students who are impoverished. Her class teacher believes that Twyla derives her condescending tone from her parents who display similar behavior toward the poor. In this scenario the class teacher is

Making a situational attribution

The process by which information is encoded, stored and retrieved

Memory

An assumed change in the nervous system that reflects the impression made by a stimulus

Memory trace

Can be defined as the reasonably stable patterns of emotions, motives and behavior that distinguish one person from another

Personality

The phenomenon that makes associations automatic as a result of a great deal of repetitions such as learning the alphabet

Priming

Joy speaks Spanish as she had learnt the language when she was in school. She is now learning to speak French. she often notices that when speaking in Spanish, French words come to mind. This is an example of

Retroactive interference

Memory for past events activities and learning experiences as shown by explicit (episodic and semantic) and implicit memories

Retrospective memories

General knowledge is referred to as

Semantic memory

The maintenance of information over time, the second stage of information processing

Storage

In the context of the Milgram studies. We're the real participants

Teachers

Which of the following did Karen Horney's views emphasize?

Unconscious sexual impulses are less important than social relationships

An is a partial similarity among things that are different in other ways

analogy

With scales, trained observers usually check off each occurrence of a specific behavior within a certain time frame.

behavior rating

According to the five factor model, the five basic personality factors are extraversion, neuroticism , agreeableness and openness to experience

conscientiousness

In thought is limited to present facts and the problem solver narrows his or her thinking to find the best solution

convergent thinking

Is defined by the ability to cope with novel situations and generate many possible solutions to problems

creative intelligence

Celia is taking an interest inventory. One of the questions ask her to select her preferred activitiy from among traveling, reading books and cooking. The question does not give her a "non of the above" option. What is the format of the interest inventory called?

forced choice format

Tracy had taken tennis lesson when she was very young and was a good tennis player while she was in school. However, she had not played tennis for years when she decided to enroll in a tennis class at college. At the tennis class, a moment after she picked up her racket, Tracy realized that she had shifted it to the correct forehand grip without even thinking Tracy' made this possible

implicit memory

Dana always hears stories about how extravagantly her first birthday was celebrated, but she is unable to recall the events of that day. Danas inability to recall the events of her first birthday is known as

infantile amnesia

In the context of memory and forgetting, the view that one may forget stored material because other learning overlaps with it is know as

interference theory

Daniel a six year old boy, takes an intelligence test. The results of the test show that he is functioning intellectually like the average eight year old. In this scenario, Daniel has a of eight.

mental

A shows the intellectual level at which a child is functioning

mental age

A is the tendency to respond to a new problem with the same approach that helped solve similar problems

mental set

Anna points to an object and tells her two year old son what it is. He hen points and repeats what Anna said. In the context of the social cognitive perspective, Anna serves as a for her child to acquire language skills

model

The mind contains ideas that are out of awarenesss but can be made conscious by focusing on them

preconscious

Sarah remembers that she must pack her suitcase and must lock all the widows and doors before she leaves for her vacation the next day. Her memory about activities that need to be performed in the future is known as

prospective memory

The is a decision making heuristic in which people make judgements about samples according to the populations they appear to depict

representativeness heuristic

The humanistic existential theories do not predict the

sorts of traits and interest we will develop

The is the feeling that information is stored in memory although it cannot be readily retrieved

tip of the tongue phenomenon

Parents help children develop conditions of worth when they show them positive regard

unconditional

A mental representation of a visual stimulus that is held briefly in sensory memory

Icon

The second memory process is

Storage

is the inability to recall events that occur prior to the age of three or so.

infantile amnesia

The following is true of telegraphic speech

It is brief but grammatically correct