3.7 History

Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)-

Area where no military activity is permitted

Which countries had the least say in the Treaty of Versailles and how were they affected by it?

Germany, which was punished by reparations or money Germany had to pay. Their colonies were also taken away. Germany had to admit guilt for starting the war. Russia was also impacted because although it had withdrawn from the war, it also was forced to give up territory. This set the stage for future conflict.

How did Woodrow Wilson deal with the ending of WWI and the treaty process?

He agreed to the treaty if the League of Nations was established. He fought hard for the League of Nations, but was defeated.

What were Senator Henry Cabot Lodge's feelings about the Treaty of Versailles?

He was against the treaty. Particularly because it called for the U.S. to get involved with foreign powers. He was an isolationist.

Recession of 1919

It was severe, but short lived. It happened because after the war there was a reduction in manufacturing and jobs.

League of Nations

An association of nations formed after World War I designed to solve disputes between nations

Sanctions

A penalty or punishment

Recession

A period of temporary economic decline during which trade and business activities are lessened

Demobilization after the war

As troops demobilized (end of war) and the demand for war materials vanished, the global economy declined. The changes in the United States included a large increase in the civilian workforce as soldiers left the military, a decrease in stock prices, and an increase in business failures.

Why did the U.S. adopt a policy of isolationism after WWI? What were its effects?

Because the U.S. was shocked by the war and wanted nothing to do with other nations, Americans believed the U.S. should focus on its own problems. Many Americans opposed joining the League of Nations for this reason. New laws limited the number of immigrants allowed to enter the U.S.

Reparations

Compensation paid by a defeated nation-state to the victors after a war

What were the differences between the Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles?

Fourteen Points : the ideas that made up Woodrow Wilson's plan for world peace after World War I. However, the Treaty of Versailles called for punishment of the Germans, which Wilson's Fourteen Points did not include. Wilson sacrificed his 14 points in return for the promise of a League of Nations.

Big Four

Name given to British Prime Minister David Lloyd George, Italian Premier Vittorio Orlando, French Premier Georges Clemenceau, and U.S. President Woodrow Wilson during the peace conference after World War I

Dawes Plan

Plan in which the United States loaned money to Germany, who used it to pay reparations to France and England; this payment allowed France and England to pay their debts to the United States

Fourteen Points

The ideas that made up Woodrow Wilson's plan for world peace after World War I

Demobilization

The period after an armed conflict when soldiers are sent home and industries reduce or halt their production of war materials

Disarmament

The reduction or disbanding of a nation's army

Self-determination

The right of a nation-state to choose its own political system and leaders

Armistice

an agreement to end an armed conflict