4 reviewed

A nurse is educating new parents about risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse the need for additional teaching? "We will give my baby a pacifier during naps and at bedtime." "We will place my baby on her back when sleeping." "Our baby will sleep in our bed because I am breastfeeding." "We will remove blankets and toys from the crib."

"Our baby will sleep in our bed because I am breastfeeding."

The parent of a child hospitalized with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome ask why the last blood test reveals elevated lipids? What will the nurses response be? "Your child blood is very concentrated because of the edema, so the lipids appear falsely elevated." "Since your child is losing so much protein, the liver is stimulated and ends up making more lipids" "It's not unusual to see elevated lipids in children because of the dietary habits of today." "If your child had just eaten a fatty meal, the lipids may have been falsely elevated."

"Since your child is losing so much protein, the liver is stimulated and ends up making more lipids"

A nurse is teaching the family of a client who is receiving treatment for a spinal cord injury with a halo fixation device. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? "Turn the screws on the device once each day." "The purpose of this device is to immobilize the cervical spine." "Apply talcum powder under the vest to limit friction." "The purpose of this device is to allow for neck movement during the healing process."

"The purpose of this device is to immobilize the cervical spine."

A 3-year-old child is hospitalized after a submersion injury. The child's mother complains to the nurse, "Being at the hospital seems unnecessary when my child seems perfectly fine." What is the nurse's best reply? "It is important to observe for possible central nervous system problems" "The reason for continual observation or monitoring is complications could still occur" "He still needs a little extra oxygen." "I'm sure he is fine, but the doctor wants to make sure"

"The reason for continual observation or monitoring is complications could still occur"

A nurse is conducting discharge teaching for parents of an infant with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Further teaching is indicated if the parents make which statement? "We will schedule follow-up appointments as instructed" "We will lift the baby by the buttocks when diapering" "We will be very careful handling the baby" "We are so glad that there is a cure for this disorder"

"We are so glad that there is a cure for this disorder"

The emergency room nurse is caring for an unconscious 6-year-old girl who has had a severe closed head injury and notes the following changes in her vital signs. Her heart rate has dropped from 120 to 64, her blood pressure has increased from 110/44 to 184/62, and her respirations are becoming more irregular. After calling the physician, which of the following should the nurse expect to do? -The nerve stimulation of your child legs will enable him to walk on his own when he is older. -Call fro additional help and prepare to administer antihypertensive medications. -Call for additional support and prepare to administer mannitol. -Continue to monitor the patient vital signs and be prepared to administer a bolos of isotonic fluids.

-Call for additional support and prepare to administer mannitol.

A nurse is planning care for an infant who has spina bifida and is to undergo surgical closure of the myelomeningocele sac? Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? -Provide a latex-free environment -Maintain the infant in the supine position. -Limit visitors to immediate family members. -Initiate contact precautions.

-Provide a latex-free environment

Which assessment findings should the nurse note in a school-age child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)? (Select all that applies) Spastic muscles Gower sign Kyphosis Waddling gait Lordosis

-gower sign -waddling gaid -lordosis

A nurse is preparing to administer hydrocortisone 150 mg IM daily to a client. Available is hydrocortisone 500 mg/2 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

0.6

There is an 18-month-old is admitted to the unit with a history of poor feedings, lethargy, and fever for three (3) days. The weight recorded in ED is 24 kg. Gentamicin 2.5 mg/kg/24 hours. The dose is to be given every 8 hours. Gentamicin is provided as 40mg/2mL. How many mg will you give for each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

20

Calculate IV fluids maintenance needs for a child that weighs 41 kg. What is the hourly rate that you will set the pump for this patient?

80

Select the correct pathophysiology for Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease: -A temporary disturbance of circulation or vascular supply to the femoral capital epiphysis produces an ischemic avascular necrosis of the femoral head -A rare genetic disorder characterized by bones that fracture easily. This is caused by defects in the that form collagen, which is a major structural component of bone. -A spectrum of disorders related to abnormal development of the hip, usually manifested by a shallow acetabulum, subluxation, or dislocation. -Spontaneous displacement of the proximal femoral epiphysis in a posterior and inferior direction, most frequently before or during accelerated growth and the onset of puberty.

A temporary disturbance of circulation or vascular supply to the femoral capital epiphysis produces an ischemic avascular necrosis of the femoral head

A 3-month-old infant dies shortly after arrival to the emergency department. The infant has subdural and retinal hemorrhages but no external signs of trauma. What should the nurse suspect? Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) Abusive Head Trauma Unintentional injury Congenital neurologic problem

Abusive Head Trauma or Shaken baby syndrome

A nurse assessing a client who has multiple fractures in his left leg with increasing edema. The nurse should recognize this finding as an early manifestation of which of the following complications? Pulmonary embolism Acute compartment syndrome Fat embolism syndrome Osteomyelitis

Acute compartment syndrome

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an adolescent who has chronic glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Serum potassium 3.8 mEq/L BUN 50 mg/dL Absence of proteinuria Serum phosphorus 4.0 mg/dL

BUN 50 mg/dL

An adolescent boy is brought to the emergency department after Motorcycle accident. His respirations are deep, periodic, and gasping. There are extreme fluctuations in blood pressure. Pupils are dilated and fixed. The nurse should suspect which type of head injury? Skull Fracture Subdural hemorrhage Brainstem Epidural hemorrhage

Brainstem

The nurse is assessing a child who was just admitted to the hospital for observation after a head injury. Which is the most essential part of the nursing assessment to detect early signs of a worsening condition? Change in level of consciousness Vital signs Posturing Focal neurological signs

Change in level of consciousness

A nurse is caring for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? Check the weight daily Maintain a saline-lock Place the child on a no-salt-added diet Educate the parents about potential complications.

Check the weight daily

A five year old presents with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) that has definitive characteristics of blue tinged sclera, hearing loss, multiple fractures and small bluish stained misshapen teeth. What most likely is related to abnormal metabolism involving the following substances? Gylcogen Mucopolysaccharides Collagen Tyroxines

Collagen

The nurse is caring for an infant with myelomeningocele scheduled for surgical closure in the morning. Which intervention should the nurse plan for the care of the myelomeningocele sac? Covered with a sterile moist, non-adherent dressing A diaper secured over the dressing. Reinforcement of the original dressing if drainage is noted Open to air

Covered with a sterile moist, non-adherent dressing

A nurse is caring for a newborn who has hydrocephalus. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find? (Select all that applies). Frontal enlargement Dilated scalp veins Over-riding suture lines Hypertension Separated sutures A backward sloping appearance of the forehead.

Dilated scalp veins Separated sutures Frontal enlargement

A child is admitted with a suspected diagnosis of Wilms' tumor. The nurse should place a sign with which of the following warnings over the child's bed? Do not palpate the abdomen Collect all urines No venipuncture or blood pressure on the left arm. Contact precautions

Do not palpate the abdomen

Which is the priority nursing intervention for an unconscious child after a fall? Determine weather a neck injury is present. Perform neurologic assessment Monitor intracranial pressure Establish adequate airway

Establish adequate airway

A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Facial edema and foamy urine Smokey brown urine Polyuria Diuresis

Facial edema and foamy urine

What is a pulmonary embolism from a fraction of a long bone? Vomiting Hyperthermia Chest pain Symptoms are shortness of breath Fat travels from the marrow through the veins and arteries in the blood stream.

Fat travels from the marrow through the veins and arteries in the blood stream.

A school-age child has been admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of nephrotic syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to assess? (Select all that apply.) Cloudy smoke brown-colored urine Fatigue Facial edema Weigh gain Weigh loss Foamy urine

Foamy urine Facial edema Weigh gain Fatigue

A nurse is caring for a client who has impaired mobility. Which of the following support devices should the nurse plan to use to prevent the client from developing plantar flexion contracture? Sheepskin heel pad Trochanter roll Footboard Abduction pillow

Footboard

Kristin, age 10 years, sustained a fracture in the epiphyseal plate of her right fibula when she fell off of a tree. When discussing this injury with her parents, the nurse should consider which statement? Growth can be affected by this type of fracture. This is an unusual fracture site for young children. This type of fracture is inconsistent with a fall. Healing is usually delayed in this type of fracture

Growth can be affected by this type of fracture.

What are characteristics of a Glomerulonephritis? Weight loss Excessive hunger Hypertension Pink or cola-colored urine (tea-colored) Fluid retention (edema

Hypertension Pink or cola-colored urine (tea-colored) Fluid retention (edema

The nurse is planning a staff in-service on childhood spastic cerebral palsy. What characterizes spastic cerebral palsy? Athetosis and dystonic movements Wide-based gait and poor performance of rapid, repetitive movements. Hypertonicity and poor control of posture, balance, and coordinated motion Tremors and lack of active movement

Hypertonicity and poor control of posture, balance, and coordinated motion

A congenital anomaly of the male urethra that results in abnormal ventral placement of the urethral opening on the underside of the penis is known as: Epispadias Phimosis Hypospadias Cryptorchidism

Hypospadias

A nurse is caring for a client who has a femur fracture. The nurse suspects that the client has fat embolism syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an early manifestation of fat embolism syndrome? Headache Petechiae Hypoxemia Percordial chest pain

Hypoxemia

The parents of a child with cerebral palsy ask the nurse whether any drugs can decrease their child's spasticity. The nurse's response should be based on which statement? Medications that would be useful in reducing spasticity are too toxic for use with children. Many different medications can be highly effective in controlling spasticity. Implantation of a pump to deliver medication into the intrathecal space to decrease spasticity has recently become available.

Implantation of a pump to deliver medication into the intrathecal space to decrease spasticity has recently become available.

A nurse is assessing an infant following a motor vehicle crash. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor to identify increased intracranial pressure? Tachycardia Brisk pupillary reaction to light. Increased sleeping Depressed fontanels

Increased sleeping

What is Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)? It is kidney disease, especially when characterized by edema and the loss of protein from the plasma into the urine due to increased glomerular permeability. It reduces the kidneys' ability to maintain a balance of certain substances in bloodstream It is when escherichia coli bacteria produces a toxin that destroy the red blood cells and block the kidney filtration system. It is a disease of unknown cause, occurring primarily in young children and giving rise to a rash, glandular swelling, and sometimes damage to the heart.

It is when escherichia coli bacteria produces a toxin that destroy the red blood cells and block the kidney filtration system.

Which of the following should the nurse do first when caring for an infant who just had a repair of a myelomeningocele? Offer clear liquids Weight diapers for 24-hour urine output Measure head circumference Assess for infection

Measure head circumference

A home health nurse is developing a plan of care for a child who has hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Which of the following goals is the priority for the nurse to include in the plan of care? Foster self care activities Provide respite services for the parents. Improve the clients communication skills Modify the environment

Modify the environment

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about a newborns born with spina bifida which is congenital defect. Which common problem is associated with this defect? Neurogenic bladder Respiratory compromise Cranioschisis Cognitive impairment

Neurogenic bladder

The nurse is closely monitoring a child who is unconscious after a fall and notices that the child suddenly has a fixed and dilated pupil. How should the nurse interpret these findings? Severe brainstem damage Hydrocephalus Neurosurgical emergency Eye Trauma

Neurosurgical emergency

Which best describes acute glomerulonephritis? Associated with structural anomalies of genitourinary tract Associate with renal vascular disorders Occurs after a urinary tract infection Occurs after a streptococcal infection

Occurs after a streptococcal infection

A nurse is caring for a child who is postoperative following ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client? Semi-Fowler's On the unoperated side Prone Trendelenburg

On the unoperated side (The nurse should position the child flat on the on operated side to prevent a rapid reduction of intracranial fluid and to protect the child from injuring the operative site)

The nurse is caring for a child with meningitis. The parents call for the nurse as "something is wrong." When the nurse arrives, she notes that the child is having a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following should the nurse do first? Call a code and ask the parents to leave the room Open up the airway, administer blow-by oxygen then call for additional help Assess the child's temperature and blood pressure Reassure the parents that seizures are common in children with meningitis

Open up the airway, administer blow-by oxygen then call for additional help

A 4 year old boy is evaluated for short stature and history of multiple bone fractures. He requires a wheelchair to ambulate ad has hearing difficulties. His height is below the 5th percentile. His sclerae are blue in color and deformities in his lower extremities. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Familiary short statue Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) Osteogenesis Imperfecta Achondroplasia

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

The nurse is caring for a child with severe head trauma after a car accident. Which is an ominous sign that often precedes death? Delirium Doll's head maneuver Papilledema Periodic and irregular breathing

Periodic and irregular breathing

The nurse is caring for a 2-month-old infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) Positive Ortolani Click Lordosis Negative Babinski Unequal gluteal folds Trendelenburg sign

Positive Ortolani Click Unequal gluteal folds

What is the function of the Kidney? (select all that apply) Produces Erythropoietin (EPO) Remove nitrogenous wastes Regulate acide-base status Regulates total body water Converts Vitamin D to the active hormone

Produces Erythropoietin (EPO) Remove nitrogenous wastes Regulate acide-base status Regulates total body water Converts Vitamin D to the active hormone

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old with glomerulonephritis. Which of the following combinations of signs is commonly associated with glomerulonephritis? Proteinuria, hematuria, decreased urinary output, and lethargy Proteinuria, hyperalbuminemia, decreased urinary output, and hypotension. Proteinuria, hematuria, increased urinary output, and lethargy Mild proteinuria, increased urinary output, and hypertension

Proteinuria, hematuria, decreased urinary output, and lethargy

Which is an objective of care for a 10-year-old child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome? Increase ability of tissue to retain fluid Reduce blood pressure Reduce excretion of urinary protein Increase excretion of urinary protein

Reduce excretion of urinary protein

A 2-day-old infant in the newborn nursery is diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), and the Orthopedic physician starts treatment. The nurse assists the parents by providing home care instructions that include: Remove the Pavlik harness once a day for no more than 2 hours and inspect the skin. Remove the Pavlik harness while the infant is awake to allow for "tummy time" Return to the orthopedist's office in 2 weeks to remove the hip spica cast The infant's bilateral foot casts should be elevated on pillows as much as possible

Remove the Pavlik harness once a day for no more than 2 hours and inspect the skin.

Which is a common childhood communicable disease that may cause severe defects in the fetus when it occurs in its congenital form? Roseola Rubella Erythema infectiosum Rubeola

Rubella

Which should be the most important consideration when selecting toys for a child who is cognitively impaired? Age apprpriateness Ability to provide exercise Ability to teach useful skills Safety

Safety

The nurse is teaching parents about prevention of urinary tract infections in a children. Which factor predisposes the urinary tract to infection? Increased fluid intake Frequent emptying of the bladder Prostatic secretions in males Short urethra in young girls

Short urethra in young girls

A nurse is assessing an 8-month-old infant for cerebral palsy. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of the condition? Uses a pincer grasp to pick up a toy. Smiles when a parent appears Sits with pillow props Tracks an object with eyes

Sits with pillow props

A nurse in an urgent care center is caring for a client who has a greenstick fracture of the forearm. The nurse should explain that which of the following injuries has occurred with a greenstick fracture? The bone ends have been forced toward each other. Fragments of bone have splintered into the surrounding tissue. Sharp edge of the bone has broken through the skin. The bone is cracked lengthwise but did not break all the way through.

The bone is cracked lengthwise but did not break all the way through.

A nurse is caring for a toddler who has a fractured right femur and is in Bryant traction. When determining that the traction is appropriately assembled, the nurse should observe which of the following? Weights are attached to a pin that is inserted into the femur Skin straps maintain the leg in an extended position. A padded sling is under the knee of the affected leg. The buttocks is elevated off of the bed.

The buttocks is elevated off of the bed.

Which statement is true of abusive head trauma? These infants may have an absence of external signs of injury. These infants have signs of external head injury. These infants usually do not have signed of subdural hematoma. These infants usually do not have retinal hemorrhage.

These infants may have an absence of external signs of injury.

The nurse is preparing to admit a newborn with myelomeningocele to the neonatal intensive care nursery. Which describes this newborn's defect? -Visible defect with an external saclike protrusion containing meninges, spinal fluid, and nerves -Herniation of the brain and meninges through a defect in the skull -Hernial protrution of a saclike cyst of meninges with spinal fluids but no neural element. -Fissure in the spinal column that leaves the meninges and the spinal cord

Visible defect with an external saclike protrusion containing meninges, spinal fluid, and nerves

Which clinical manifestations in an infant would be suggestive of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) as so known as Werdnig-Hoffmann disease? Weak cry and difficulty breathing Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes Motor deficits on one side of the body Hypertonicity

Weak cry and difficulty breathing

The nurse is caring for a NEONATE with suspected meningitis. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse prepare to assess if meningitis is confirmed? (Select all that apply.) Weak or irritable cry Bulging fontanel anterior fontanel Photophobia Headache Poor floppy muscle tone

Weak or irritable cry Bulging fontanel anterior fontanel Poor floppy muscle tone

Which is a major complication in a child with chronic renal failure? Excessive excretion of blood urea nitrogen Water and sodium retention Metabolic alkalosis Hypokalemia

maybe: Water and sodium retention

The nurse is educating the parents of a child with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy regarding priority actions that they should take when caring for their child. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching session to report immediately to the primary health-care provider if the child has symptoms of: diarrhea anorexia and refuses to eat pain in any of their limbs upper respiratory infection

upper respiratory infection