6-2 Guided Reading

what did the cities have to offer that the rural areas did not?

bright lights, running water, modern plumbing, museums, libraries, and theaters

what type of mass transit was the first used in San Fransisco

cable cars

who was included in americas rising middle class

doctors, lawyers, engineers, managers, social workers, architects, and teachers

what was an example of outright fraud among party bosses

getting money through dishonest or questionable means

what was a political machine

informal political group designed to gain and keep power

what did most of the immigrants in the late 1800s lack?

money to buy farms & the education to obtain higher-paying jobs

what were 2 benefits of pollitical machines, according to their defenders

provided necessary services and helped to assimilate the masses of NYC dwellers

what did Jacob Riis accuse of causing poverty, corruption, ad suffering?

saloons for creating drunks

how many cities in 1990

1,700

# of US cities in 1840

131

what organization was headed by William "Boss Tweet"

NY Democratic Political machine

what were the living conditions of the working class

lived in crowded tenements-apartment buildings

who contribuited to the design of skyscrapers?

louis sullivan

what threats were presented by city living, especially for the working poor

pick pockets, swindlers, theives, murderers, disease and pollution

what happened to the murder rate between 1880-1900

went from 25 to 100/per million

what gave city landowners the incentive to grow upward rather than outward

when populations grew and the raised price of land