6.7 APWH

Argentina

South America

Guyana

South America

Porfirio Diaz

A Mexican dictator who ruled from 1876 to 1910. Disposed by the Mexican Revolution.

Chinatowns

A district of any non-Chinese town, especially a city or seaport, in which the population is predominantly of Chinese origin.

Chinese Exclusion Act

(1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate.

Influx of Chinese Restriction Act

1881 revival of the basic elements of the Chinese Immigration Regulation and Restriction Act, meant to limit Asian migration to Australia.

Scots-Irish

A group of restless people who fled their home in Scotland in the 1600s to escape poverty and religious oppression. They first relocated to Ireland and then to America in the 1700s. They left their mark on the backcountry of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia. These areas are home to many Presbyterian churches established by the Scots-Irish. Many people in these areas are still very independent like their ancestors.

Mohandas Gandhi

A philosopher from India, this man was a spiritual and moral leader favoring India's independence from Great Britain. He practiced passive resistance, civil disobedience and boycotts to generate social and political change.

ethnic enclave

A place with a high concentration of an ethnic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area

Chinese Immigration Regulation and Restriction Act

An attempt to restrict the number of Chinese immigrants from entering the colony of New South Wales

White Australia Policy

Before 1973, a set of stringent Australian limitations on nonwhite immigration to the country. It has been largely replaced by a more flexible policy today.

canal system

Built largely in the early 1800s, canals linked the Northeast farming areas with cities and had a powerful effect on westward migration; helped establish New York as an important trading location (8.6.2)

popular culture

Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics.

Natal Indian Congress

Founded by Gandhi to expose to the world the rampant discrimination against Indians in South Africa.

Mauritius

Port Louis

Trinidad and Tobago

Port of Spain

white collar

a description characterizing lower-level professional and management workers and some highly skilled laborers in technical jobs

blue collar

a description characterizing skilled and semi-skilled workers who perform manual labor or work in service or clerical jobs

Kangani System

a form of labour recruitment and organisation in parts of Southeast Asia under British colonial rule, generally in operation from the early 19th century until the early 20th century, specifically the areas now known as Myanmar, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka.

Gold Rush

a period from 1848 to 1856 when thousands of people came to California in order to search for gold.

Natal

pertaining to birth

Chinese Immigration Act

was an act passed by the Parliament of Canada, banning most forms of Chinese immigration to Canada. Immigration from most countries was controlled or restricted in some way, but only the Chinese were so completely prohibited from immigrating.