6th - CH 32 - Section 3

Where did the Portuguese send the first explorers?

Africa

What happened to Cabral after he left Brazil?

After claiming Brazil for Portugal, he sailed back to the east and rounded Africa. Arriving in Calicut, he established a trading post and signed trade treaties. He returned to Portugal in June 1501

During the Age of Exploration, why is the year 1488 CE significant?

Bartolomeu Dias became the first European to sail around the southern tip of Africa.

What was Prince Henry's reasoning during this time for expeditions?

He wanted to continue the Crusades against the Muslims, find gold, and take part in Asian trade.

Why is the year 1418 CE significant during the Age of Exploration?

Henry sent explorers to sea almost every year.

What was at stake according to Portuguese explorers?

If Portugal could take the spice trade away from Muslim traders, he wrote, then Cairo and Makkah "will be ruined." As for Italian merchants, "Venice will receive no spices unless her merchants go to buy them in Portugal."

Was Vasco da Gama's return trip to Portugal successful? Explain.

On the return trip to Portugal, da Gama lost half of his ships. Still, the valuable cargo he brought back paid for the voyage many times over. His trip made the Portuguese even more eager to trade directly with Indian merchants

In what European city did the Age of Exploration begin?

Portugal

How did the colonization of Brazil have negative effects on Africa?

Slaves - As the native population of Brazil decreased, the Portuguese needed more laborers. Starting in the mid-1500s, they turned to Africa.

What was Prince Henry's nickname?

The Navigator

What part of the world did Prince Henry's early expeditions focus on?

West Coast of Africa

What major affect did Portuguese entrance into the spice trade have on Europe?

With the increased competition, prices of Asian goods—such as spices and fabrics—dropped, and more people in Europe could afford to buy them.

Once Vasco da Gama entered the Indian Ocean what did he do?

arrived in the port of Calicut, India. There he obtained a load of cinnamon and pepper

Where is Portugal located?

located on the Iberian Peninsula.

How is Pedro Cabral associated with discoveries in the New World?

set sail for India with a fleet of 13 ships. Cabral first sailed southwest to avoid areas where there are no winds to fill sails. But he sailed so far west that he reached the east coast of present-day Brazil

What did Vasco da Gama do that was important to the Age of Exploration?

set sail with four ships to chart a sea route to India. Da Gama's ships rounded Africa's southern tip and then sailed up the east coast of the continent. With the help of a sailor who knew the route to India from there, they were able to across the Indian Ocean.

Who was Prince Henry of Portugal?

the son of King John I of Portugal

What accomplishment can be credited to Prince Henry?

1. He also started a school of navigation where sailors and mapmakers could learn their trades. 2. His cartographers made new maps based on the information ship captains brought back.

What did Prince Henry do that was important to the Age of Exploration?

1. He encouraged exploration 2. Planned and directed many important expeditions.

During the 1500s, what affects did Portuguese colonization have on the native peoples?

1. The Portuguese forced them to work on sugar plantations, or large farms. 2. They also tried to get them to give up their religion and convert to Christianity.

How did Portugal's explorers change Europeans' understanding of the world?

1. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold. 2. Brought back enslaved Africans. 3. They also found a sea route to India. 4. From India, explorers brought back spices, such as cinnamon and pepper, and other goods, such as porcelain, incense, jewels, and silk.

How aggressive was Portugal in their attempts to gain control of the spice trade in Africa and Asia?

1. They seized the seaport of Goa (GOH-uh) in India and built forts there. 2. They attacked towns on the east coast of Africa. 3. They also set their sights on the Moluccas, or Spice Islands, in what is now Indonesia. 4. In 1511, they attacked the main port of the islands and killed the Muslim defenders.