70s and 80s key terms
clean air act
1st federal regulations limiting emissions in the USA
Sandra Day O'connor
1st women appointed the supreme court. Appointed by Ronald Reagan in 1981. She was considered a conservative judge at the start but became more moderate later in her career.
kent st
4 youths were killed by the Ohio National Guard troops during a war protest
3 mile incident
American nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania, which leaks radioactive wast into the environment. Increases awareness of the dangers of nuclear power.
Ronald Reagan
Conservative Republican President 1981-1989. Revitalized Republican party and while in office lowered taxes, reduced social welfare, increased armed forces and named conservative judges to the court. Also improves economy and public moral but military spending and tax cuts increase federal deficit.
Mikhail Gorbachev
Leader of the Soviet Union who reformed the nation. Lead the Soviet union end of the Cold War. Oversaw the break up of the Soviet Union and its satellite states. Ended communist rule in the Soviet Union.
Chernobyl Meltdown
Nuclear power plant in the Soviet Union, which exploded and exposed most of Europe to toxic radioactive waste. Increases Americans fears of nuclear energy.
Iran Contra affair
Political scandal during the Reagan administration. Reagan officials illegally sold weapons to Iran and used profits of sales to fund anti-communist rebels in Nicaragua. Congress had prohibited funding the rebels by passing the Boland Amendment.
bombing of libya
Reagan administration orders bombing of Libya in 1986 in hopes of killing Muammar Gaddafi. Libya hated Israel and was supported by USSR. Libya had also invaded Chad which has lots of uranium used in to make nuclear weapons. Libya had also been responsible of terrorist attacks in Berlin against US soldiers.
Beint Bombing
US and french army barracks are bombed by terrorist because of US support in Israel
New Federalism
US supporting Asian allies with money/weapons instead of troops
Gerald Ford
VP under Nixon, Pres after Nixon resigns, upsets american public by pardoning Nixon. Loses election to carter
Strategic defense
a missile defense program suggested by Ronald Reagan. The program would have created space based defenses capable of intercepting missile attack. Also called "Star Wars' program is very expensive and never works
INF Treaty
agreement between USSR and USA eliminating long range nuclear missiles
Panama Canal Treaty
america agrees to turn over control of the canal by 1999. Seen as carter giving the canal away
26th amendment
changes the voting age from 21 to 18
Pentagon Papers
classified gov't history documenting the mistakes and deception by the gov't during the veitnam War. leaked to the press in 1971
Jimmy Carter
democratic president 1977-81. elected bc he is seen as a D.C. outsider. few successes including the camp david accords. presidency is remembered failing to get Iran Hostages released
detente
easing cold war tensions with diplomacy. Thawing of the cold war
Reagan Doctrine
foreign policy under Ronald Reagan giving public and secret aid to anti communist movements in africa, asia, and latin america
Environmental Protection program
government agency created to regulate and insure the environment is kept clean
SALT I
helped ease cold war tensions and lead to detente. reduced nuclear weapons in the USA and USSR
stagflation
high inflation and high unemployment
OPEC
institution created in 1960 of petroleum exporting countries. goal was to monopolize the world oil market and control prices. in 70s the organization cuts exports to the United states due to the USA supporting Israel during the Yum Kippur War. the group still controls oil prices today
Iran hostage crisis
iranian islamic fundamentalist revolutionaries take over US embassy and take american hostages for 444 days because the US refuses to return former Shah of Iran for trial
Phyllus Schlafly
lead conservative opposition to equal right amendment. believes amendment will change traditional gender roles and force women to sign up for selective services
Immigration reform and control act
legalized immigrants who had entered the country illegally before 1982
war powers act
limits the power of president by requiring them to get congresses' permission to go to war
Conservation/ New Rights
movement gains momentum in response to counterculture movement supported traditional Christian beliefs and smaller federal gov
watergate
nixons attempt to cover up his connection to burglars who had broken into Democratic National headquarters. causes nixon to be the 1st president to resign from office
fall of berlin wall
on nov 9 1989 the wall was torn down
ceaser chavez
organized the untied farmer workers union helped gain labor rights for immigrant workers
boland amendment
outlawed US aid to contras that might be used to overthrow the Nicaraguan gov
Camp David Accords
peace agreement between egypt and israel. egypt becomes 1st muslim nation to recognize the jewish state
Vietnamizantion
plan to withdrawal US troops from Vietnam while still providing funds to support the south viernamese resistance of North Vietnam and Veit Cong
clean water act
regulation is passed in response to growing concerns over pollution. calls for the end of water pollution by 1985
richard nixon
republican president 1969-1974. Domestic policy was called New Federalism.
Afghanistan invasion
soviets invade afganistan and cause cold war tensions to flare up. US secretly trains Afghan resistance fighters called the Mujahedeen who later become Taliban and Al Qaeda
Nixon Doctrine
states are given more control over how federal funds are spent in their states. increase of state rights, which had been taken away in New Deal and Great Society
reagonomics
the belief in cutting taxes on upper tax bracket and decrease gov spending. believed people would spend money from tax cut and make up for less gov spending. increases gov deficit
Roe V. Wade
the supreme court upholds the legalization of abortion in 1973