7.1.1 Where is Industry Distributed?
major industrial areas in Europe:
UK, Rhine-Ruhr Valley, Mid-Rhine, Po Basin, Northeastern Spain, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Urals, Volga, Kuznetsk, Donetsk, Silesia
Southeastern Ontario
Canada's most import ant industrial area
Po Basin
attracted textiles and otter industries because of numerous workers willing to accept tower ages and inexpensive hydroelectricity from the nearby Alps
North America's Industrial Areas
New England, Middle Atlantic, Mohawk Valley, Pittsburgh-Lake Erie, Western Great Lakes, Southern California, Southeastern Ontario
transportation
canals then railroads enabled factories to attract large numbers of workers, bring in bulky raw materials such as iron ore and coal, and ship finished goods to consumers
food processing
canning food in glass bottles sterilized in boiling water
Western Great Lakes
centered on Chicago, hub of nation's transportation network and now center of steel production
Southern California
clothing and textile production
Urals
contain the world's most varied collection of minerals
chemicals
created to bleach and dye cloth
UK
dominated world production of steel and textiles during 19th century
iron
first industry to benefit from Watt/s steam engine
South Korea
focused on export-oriented manufacturers
Rhine-Ruhr Valley
has concentration of iron and step manufacturing because of proximity to large coal-fields
cottage industry system
home-based manufacturing
Middle Atlantic
largest U.S. market
Pittsburgh-Lake Erie
leading steel-producing area in the 19th century
Mohawk Valley
linear industrial belt
Japan
producing goods that could be sold in large quantity at citrate prices to consumers in other countries
Volga
region containing Russia's largest petroleum and natural gas fields.
industrial revolution
series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
New England
textile center
industrial revolution misleading term:
transformation was more than industrial, it resulted in new social, economic, and political inventions, not just industrial ones & changes involved a gradual diffusion of new ideas and techniques over decades rather than an instantaneous revolution
textiles
transformed from dispersed cottage industry to a concentrated factory system during late 18th century
coal
wood, the main energy source prior to IR became scarce, turning to coal
China
world's largest supply of low-cost labor and largest marker for many consumer products
Donetsk
Eastern Ukraine, has one of the world's largest coal reserves
Northeastern Spain
Europe's fastest growing manufacturing area during late 20th century
Mid-Rhine
Europe's most centrally located industrial area
Silesia
Europe's most rapidly growing industrial area takes advantage of a skilled but low-paid workforce and proximity to wealthy markets in Western Europe
Kuznetsk
Russia's most important manufacturing district east of the Ural Mountains, with the country's largest reserves of coal and an abundant supply of iron ore
Moscow
Russia's oldest industrial region, centered around the country's capital and largest city
St. Petersburg
Russia's second-largest city, specializes in shipbuilding and other industries serving Russia's navy and ports in the Baltic Sea