8th Grade- Science Chapter 12 Test Review
Dune
A hill or ridge of sand piled up by the wind
What is formed when water chemically combines with carbon dioxide?
Carbonic Acid
Most of the sediment load in a stream is
Carried as suspended sediments
What are methods of soil conservation used today?
Contour plowing, Windbreaks, and Strip Cropping
When water enters a crack in a rock, expands as it freezes, and cracks the rock, what has occurred?
Frost wedging
The quantity of sediment that a stream carries is called its ___________.
Load
The strip of till that separates two glacial valleys is a _________________- moraine.
Medial
What is the most favorable condition for chemical weathering?
Moist Climate
A soil scientist is a _______________________.
Pedologist
A type of mass wasting that moves quickly, but slips just a short distance is _______________.
Slump
From a young-earth point of view; it is unlikely that any of the original created soils remained following ___________________.
The flood
What is the correct process for the following: deposition, erosion, and weathering
Weathering, erosion, deposition
Loss deposits are thought to have been formed by the action of _______________.
Wind
Blowout
a bowl-shaped depression caused by strong winds carrying away all the loose materials from an area
Horizon
a layer of soil resulting from the weathering of bedrock
Deflation is to desert pavements as _____ is to ventifacts.
abrasion
Animals and plants help soil fertility by
breaking up the soil, decomposing and adding nutrients to the soil, burrowing tunnels that let in air and moisture
When the mineral feldspar reacts with Carbonic Acid, ____ is formed.
clay (kaolin)
When a weathered rock is split open, you can often tell the amount of weathering by differences in ____________.
color or texture
A triangular-shaped area of fertile deposits found where a large river enters the ocean is called a(n) __________________.
delta
Alluvial fans and river deltas are examples of sediment __________________________ by streams.
deposition
Long streamlined hills composed of unsorted glacial till are called
drumlins
Example of Mechanical Weathering
exfoliation
The process in which layers of rock flake off to form rounded boulders is called ____________________.
exfoliation
The well mixed combination of rocks, pebbles, sand, and silt carried by glaciers is called _____________.
glacial till
Plucking is a type of erosion caused by
glaciers
Valuable topsoil containing equal parts sand and silt with about half as much clay...
loam
The general term for all downhill movement of rocks and soil due to gravity is called ______________.
mass wasting
Any fertile soil must contain
organic material
Strip cropping, wind breaks, and flood control dam projects are all methods used for ______________.
soil conservation
Landslide
the rapid movement of rock and soil sliding down a slope
Exfoliation
the slow movement of land surface that may cause fence posts to lean
Frost heaving
the upward thrust of rocks and boulders above the ground's surface through the expansion of water freezing below the ground's surface
