9. Coursera - Google Data Analytics Pro - Module 3.2

A data analyst removes personally identifying information from a dataset. What task are they performing? Data anonymization Data sorting Data collection Data visualization

Data anonymization

What are the main benefits of open data? Select all that apply. Increases the amount of data available for purchase Good data is more widely available Restricts data access to certain groups of people Combines data from different fields of knowledge

Good data is more widely available Combines data from different fields of knowledge

Which of the following are usually good data sources? Select all that apply. Vetted public datasets Social media sites Academic papers Governmental agency data

Vetted public datasets Academic papers Governmental agency data

What are data ethics? Established methods for ensuring data is clean, well-organized, and appropriate for a project Long-standing techniques for confirming that data is always used to benefit society Approved strategies data professionals use to safeguard the privacy and security of a dataset Well-founded standards of right and wrong that dictate how data is collected, shared, and used

Well-founded standards of right and wrong that dictate how data is collected, shared, and used

What is the preferred method for open data to be made available? A print copy that is easily shared by anyone A secure password-protected file A compressed file format that keeps file size small A convenient and modifiable internet download

A convenient and modifiable internet download

Which of the following are examples of sampling bias? Select all that apply. A survey of students does not include homeschooled students. A teacher gives higher grades to essays written in their own writing style. A clinical study includes three times more men than women. An election poll only interviews people with college degrees.

A survey of students does not include homeschooled students. A clinical study includes three times more men than women. An election poll only interviews people with college degrees.

An individual declines to give consent for a company to use their data. Later, they learn that the company used their data without permission. Which element of their data privacy has been violated? Freedom from inappropriate use of their data Protection from unauthorized access to their private data The right to inspect, update, or correct their own data Ability to give consent to use their data

Ability to give consent to use their data

What is the term for the tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that validates pre-existing beliefs? Sampling bias Confirmation bias Interpretation bias Observer bias

Confirmation bias

Before completing a survey, an individual acknowledges reading information about how and why the data they provide will be used. What is this concept called? Currency Discretion Consent Privacy

Consent

Which data ethics principle gives an individual the right to know why their data is collected and how it will be used? Anonymization Consent Credibility Privacy

Consent

A data professional working on a project about commuters researches the origin of a dataset and confirms it was created by a government transportation agency which is a reputable source. However, they also find it was last updated seven years ago. Which aspect of good data are they missing? Current Cited Original Reliable

Current

A junior data analyst learns that the dataset they have been given is six years old. After looking into this further, they also discover that the age of the data is making the information irrelevant to their project. What good data source principle have they used to evaluate the dataset? Reliable Original Comprehensive Current

Current

Which of the following terms are also ways of describing observer bias? Select all that apply. Experimenter bias Spectator bias Research bias Perception bias

Experimenter bias Research bias

An engineer and a product manager are working together to design a new application, which receives unclear user ratings. The engineer decides the ambiguous feedback is just a case of users being unfamiliar with the app and interprets it as being neutral, whereas the product manager interprets the feedback as being negative. What type of bias does this represent? Interpretation Observer Sampling Confirmation

Interpretation

A mortgage lender wants to protect the personally identifiable information of its clients, such as social security numbers and account numbers. They ask their data team to anonymize the data. What techniques might they use to achieve this goal? Select all that apply. Masking Hashing Copying Blanking

Masking Hashing Blanking

What are the key aspects of universal participation? Select all that apply. Certain groups of people must share their private data. No one can place restrictions on data to discriminate against a person or group. All corporations are allowed to sell open data. Everyone must be able to use, reuse, and redistribute open data.

No one can place restrictions on data to discriminate against a person or group. Everyone must be able to use, reuse, and redistribute open data.

A government agency allows any business, nonprofit, or citizen to access its databases and reuse or redistribute the data. What type of data is described in this scenario? Free Open Allowable Closed

Open

A recreation department asks people to respond to a survey about the customer experience in city parks. The survey is only accessible to people who have access to the internet. What type of bias does this scenario describe? Sampling Interpretation Confirmation Observer

Sampling

Healthcare and financial data are highly sensitive and often undergo data anonymization techniques. What is the primary reason for this practice? To protect patient privacy and financial security by removing personally identifiable information (PII). To reduce the storage space required for the data. To prepare the data for analysis by external researchers. To ensure data is easily accessible to all employees within the organization.

To protect patient privacy and financial security by removing personally identifiable information (PII).

What concept states that all data-processing activities and algorithms should be completely explainable and understood by the individual who provides their data? Transaction transparency Privacy Ownership Currency

Transaction transparency

To determine if a data source is cited, ask which of the following questions? Select all that apply. Who created this dataset? Has this dataset been properly cleaned? When was this data last refreshed? Is this dataset from a credible organization?

Who created this dataset? When was this data last refreshed? Is this dataset from a credible organization?

Fill in the blank: The data ethics principle of transaction transparency states that an individual has the right to understand all of the data-processing activities and _____ used on their data. standards algorithms data models regulations

algorithms

Fill in the blank: Bias is a _____ preference in favor of or against a person, group of people, or thing. sensible or insensible conscious or subconscious standard or substandard fair or unfair

conscious or subconscious

Fill in the blank: Openness refers to _____ access, usage, and sharing of data. limited protected free disclosed

free

Fill in the blank: Data is considered _____ when it is accurate, complete, and unbiased information that has been vetted and proven fit for use. original comprehensive reliable current

reliable