A & P Lab #1

dense regular connective tissue

attaches bones to bones and muscles to bones

endocrine system

composed of glands that secrete hormones

lacrimal

contains a "saddle" that houses the pituitary gland

mechanical stage

controls the amount of movement of the slide on the stage

cuboidal

cube shaped

The area of the slide seen when looking through the microscope is the

field of view

abdominopelvic

gastric bypass surgery to reduce the size of the stomach

muscular system

generates body heat and provides for movement of the body as a whole

The microscope lens may be cleaned with

grit free lens paper

maxilla

has greater and lesser wings

Which bone feature is only found on cervical vertebrae?

transverse foramen

pronation

turning the palm downward

cervical vertebra-typical

type of vertebra where each transverse process has a foramen

coccyx

"tail bone" fused vertebrae

lumbar vertebra

"tail bone" fused vertebrae

List the four primary tissue types.

1. Epithelial 2. Connective 3. Muscle 4. Nervous

list the 4 major sutures of the skull

1. saggital 2. coronal 3. squamous 4. lambdoid

thoracic vertebra

12 components; unfused

How many phalanges are in the hand

14

You are using a 10x ocular and a 15x objective, the field diameter is 1.5 mm, the approximate field size with a 30x objective is _______ mm.

75

If a microscope has a 10x ocular lens and the total magnification at a particular time is 950x, the objective lens in use at that time is _____x.

95

stratified squamous

Best suited for areas subjected to friction

areolar connective tissue

Composes basement membranes; a soft packaging tissue with a jellylike matrix

Tissue

Groups of cells with similar structure and function.

Differentiate between a lacuna and a canaliculus.

Lacunae are cavities that house osteocytes. Canaliculi contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes, which radiate from each lacunae and connect to the central canal.

pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Lines much of the respiratory tract

Explain the difference between a negative feedback mechanism and a positive feedback mechanism.

Negative feedback shuts off the original stimulus and positive feedback enhances the original stimulus.

columnar

column shaped

working distance

The distance from the bottom of the objective lens to the surface of the slide

How are epithelial cells classified?

They are classified by number of layers and cell shape.

inversion

Turning the sole of the foot inward

maxilla and mandible

_____________ and _________________ contain sockets bearing teeth

reproductive and endocrine

______________________ and ______________ necessary for conception and childbearing

frontal and sphenoid

______________________ and _______________- 3 cranial bones containing paranasal sinuses

sinus

air filled cavity

maxilla

allows tears to drain

connective tissue

anchors and packages body organs

patellar

anterior aspect of knee

Which bony feature is typically only found in babies?

anterior fontanelle

ramus

armlike projection

cardiovascular system

arteries, veins, heart

atlas

articulates with the occipital condyles

thoracic vertebra

bears facets for articulation with ribs, forms part of thoracic

flexion

bending a joint

dorsiflexion

bending of the foot or the toes upward

frontal

bone forming anterior cranium

parietal

bone pair united by the saggital suture

skeletal system

bones, cartilages, ligaments

nasal

bony skeleton of nose

digestive system

breaks down ingested food into its absorbable units

meatus

canal-like structure

rotating nosepiece

carries the objective lenses; rotates the lenses

epithelial tissue

cells may absorb, protect, or form a filtering membrane

zygomatic

cheekbone

As you move from lower magnification to higher magnification field diameter will:

decrease

As you move from lower magnification to higher magnification working distance will:

decrease

As total magnification increases, the working distance ________.

decreases

condenser

delivers a concentrated beam of light to the specimen

The spinal cord is located in the ________ body cavity.

dorsal

Which two bones form the nasal septum?

ethmoid and vomer

integumentary system

external body covering

sphenoid

facial bone that contains a paranasal sinus

What is the primary cell type found in ligaments?

fibroblast

Which cartilage forms the meniscus?

fibrocartilage

When focusing on high power, always use the ___________ adjustment knob to focus.

fine

the parietal bone is

flat bone

the sternum is

flat bone

Which of these terms best describes a small hole going through a bone?

foramen

parietal

form the superior and lateral cranium

sacrum

forms a joint with the hip bone

ethmoid

forms most of hard palate

nervous tissue

forms nerves and the brain

mandible

forms the chin

hyaline cartilage

forms the larynx and the costal cartilages of the ribs

Patient RX has been stabbed in the anterior, medial region of the right femoral region. What is the best description to tell the patient's family where the injury was located?

front mid-region of the right thigh

The ________ body plane of section divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

frontal

lymphatic system

houses cells involved in the bodies immune response

cardiovascular system

includes arteries and veins

extension

increases the angle of a joint

vomer

inferior part of nasal septum

adipose connective tissue

insulates against heat loss; provides reserve fuel

the vertebrae is

irregular bone

endocrine system

is affected by removal of the adrenal gland

integumentary system

is damaged when you fall and scrape your knee

ethmoid

its "holey"plate allows olfactory fibers to pass

axis

its dens acts as a pivot point

occipital

its oval shaped protrusions articulate with the atlas

nervous system

key organs include the brain and spinal cord

simple cuboidal

kidney tubules

tuberosity

large rounded projection

trochanter

large, irregularly shaped projection

Assume there is an object on the left side of the field that you want to bring to the center (toward the apparent right). In what direction would you move the slide?

left

epithelial

lines body cavities and covers the body's external surface

simple columnar

lines the small and large intestines

respiratory system

loads oxygen into the blood

the phalanx is

lone bone

the radius is

long bone

crural

lower portion of the lower limb

When beginning to focus, use the ______________ lens.

lowest power

lymphatic system

lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic vesicles

muscle tissue

major function is to contract

On what bone is the coronoid process found?

mandible

lumbar vertebra

massive vertebrae; weight supporting

simple squamous

most suited or rapid diffusion

hyoid

not really a skull bone

foramen

opening through a hole

If, after focusing in low power, only the fine adjustment needs to be used to focus the specimen at the higher powers, the microscope is said to be ______.

parfocal

What tissue is the outermost, dense covering around bone?

periosteum

stage

platform on which the slide rests for viewing

Which serous membrane covers only the lung?

pleural

acromial

point of shoulder

popliteal

posterior aspect of the knee

palatine

posterior hard palate

skeletal system

protects and supports body organs, provides framework for muscular action

osseous tissue

provides levers for muscles to act on

muscle tissue

pumps blood, flushes urine out of the body, allows one to swing a bat

digital

referring to the fingers

cervical

referring to the neck

brachial

refers to the arm

cranial

removal of a brain tumor

urinary system

rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes

condyle

rounded, convex projection

squamous

scale-like

Store the microscope with the __________ objective in place.

scanning

fossa

shallow depression

spine

sharp, splender process

the calcaneus is

short bone

Scapular

shoulder blade

A nurse informs you that she is about to give you a shot in the lateral femoral region. What portion of your body should you uncover?

side of upper thigh

sphenoid

site of external acoustic meatus

sphenoid

site of jungular foramen and cartoid canal

tubercle

small rounded projection

occipital

spinal cord passes through a large foramen in this bone

smooth muscle is

spindle shaped cells, involuntary, one nucleus, in wall of bladder and stomach

vertebral

spine or backbone

transitional

stretches

cardiac muscle is

striated, branching cells, involuntary, one nucleus, intercalated discs, forms heart walls

skeletal muscle is

striated, voluntary, multinucleate, cylindrical, attached to bones, cylindrical cells, voluntary, many nuclei

head

structure supported on neck

temporal

superior and middle nasale conchae are part of this bone

thoracic

surgery to remove a cancerous lung lobe

spinal

surgery to remove a ruptured spinal disk

connective tissue

the most widespread tissues in the body

endocrine system

thyroid, pancreas, pituitary gland

respiratory system

trachea, bronchi, lungs

nervous tissue

transmits electrical signals

fine adjustment knob

used for precise focusing once initial focusing has been done

iris diaphragm lever

used to adjust the amount of light passing through the specimen

cardiovascular system

uses blood as a transport vehicle

reproductive system

uterus, ovaries, vagina

cervical vertebra-typical

vertebra type with bifid spinous process

A coverslip should always be used with ________________

wet mounts

carpal

wrist area