A & P Test 3 Review

Which of the following is a function of the intervertebral foramen?

It allows spinal nerves to exit the spinal cord

A coroner determines the cause of death to be strangulation because this delicate bone is fractured. Which bone is this?

hyoid

Eighty-year old Mrs. Smith has a bent-over stance with a noticeable hump back. Along with osteoporosis Mrs. Smith also is afflicted with which condition?

kyphosis

The center cavity of the diaphysis of a long bone is called the _________

marrow cavity

Which one of the following bone cells would have the greatest number of lysosomes?

osteoclasts

Identify the correct match

osteoclasts - bone deposition osteoblasts - bone deposition

If you are forming a saggital suture, which of the two bones you will need?

parietal and parietal

Collagen fibers that extend from the periosteum to the bone matrix are called ________.

perforating fibers

The result of blood calcium and phosphate levels being too low for normal deposition is a softness of the bones called __________ in children and __________ in adults.

rickets ; osteomalacia

Marilyn has been diagnosed with a fractured dens or odontoid process. Which specific bone is affected?

C2

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Calcitonin - decreases blood calcium

Which of the following is only found on the axis vertebra?

Dens (odontoid process)

A young girl falls off her bike and lands on her hand, breaking the medial bone of her antebrachium. Which bone did she break?

Her Ulna

Which of the following is an inorganic component of the bone matrix?

Hydroxyapatite

The hardness of bones comes from ___________, whereas __________ provide(s) some degree of flexibility.

Hydroxyapatite and other minerals ; proteins

Large multinucleate cells which secrete enzymes to dissolve bone matrix are ____.

Osteoclasts

The ______ suture separates the temporal bone from the parietal bone.

Squamous

Which of the following is not part of the pectoral girdle?

The sacroiliac joint

______ Bone articulates with femur on the proximal end and _____ on the distal end.

Tibia ; talus

Which of the following structures are important to protect the blood vessels supplying to the brain?

Transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae

Identify the correct match for the bone shown in this figure?

Vertebral Column- axis

How many cervical vertebral bones are there in a 34 year old male?

7

A patient had his ribs 7 & 8 removed from both sides. How many total false ribs are now in his skeleton?

8

Which of the following is correct?

8 Cranial bones - 14 Facial Bones

If a thyroid tumor secreted an excessive amount of calcitonin, we would expect

an elevated level of osteoblast activity

The basic structural unit of a compact bone is called _________

an osteon

In a herniated disc, the ring of fibrocartilage called the ______ ruptures and the _______ oozes out.

anulus fibrosus ; nucleus pulposus

When the bone humerus grows in thickness, it is ________

appositional growth

When you say NO by moving your head side to side, which joint is moving?

atlantoaxial

The first cervical vertebrae is the

atlas

All of the following belong to axial skeleton except_______.

calcaneus

Synthesized by the combined action of the skin, kidneys, and liver, ______ is important to the deposition of bone.

calcitriol

A fracture in which the bone is broken into three or more pieces is called a __________ fracture.

comminuted

What are the matrix rings of compact bone that surround the central canal of each osteon?

concentric lamellae

In a patient whose parathyroid glands have been removed, his/her blood calcium will likely_______

decrease

The thin layer of slightly denser spongy bone that separates an adult's epiphysis from the diaphysis is called the _______.

epiphyseal line

Osteoporosis is common in post-menopausal women. Which of these statements is correct?

estrogen normally inhibits osteoclasts

Which of the bones below does not belong to the appendicular skeleton?

ethmoid

Which of the following bones is a single unpaired bone?

ethmoid

The _____________ is an example of bone as an organ; _________ bone is an example of bone as a tissue.

femur ; spongy

One difference between the male and female pelvis is that the pubic arch of a female is generally ___________.

greater than 100 degrees

Which of these is incorrect about osteoblasts? They _____

have more lysosomes then osteocytes

What do osteoclasts use to dissolve bone minerals?

hydrochloric acid

If a patient has carpopedal syndrome, this is an indication of _____

hypocalcemima

The parietal bone is formed via

intramembranous ossification

Why patients with low blood calcium are not recommended to take the drug Boniva?

it causes hypocalcemia

The spaces found within the concentric lamellae are called ________, and they contain ____________.

lacunae ; osteocytes

An exaggerated curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column is

lordosis

Which of the following is found in the palm of your hand?

metacarpal

Bone protrudes through skin in a fracture called

open

What gives bone its flexibility?

osteoid

Blood Ca2+ deficiency stimulates __________ secretion, which leads to _____________.

parathyroid hormone ; increased osteoclast activity

A long bone is covered externally with a sheath called the __________, whereas the marrow cavity is lined with the __________.

periosteum ; endosteum

Which of there is correctly matched?

phalanx - long bones

Which of the following is a cranial bone that is not paired?

sphenoid

Three-year old Trevor is admitted to the hospital with stenosis (narrowing) of the foramen magnum, which directly affects which of these structures?

spinal cord

Trabecular bone is also known as ______

spongy bone

The anterior boundary of the "thoracic cage" is the

sternum

The ____ belongs to the thoracic cage, whereas the ______ belongs to the pectoral girdle.

sternum ; clavicle

The drug Boniva stops bone loss as well as reverses it. How do you think it does these two things? It likely ________.

stimulates osteoblasts and inhibits osteoclasts

A soft callus forms during ___________

the healing of a fracture

The crural region contains the _________.

tibia on the medial and fibula on the lateral

All of the following belong to appendicular skeleton except_____.

zygomatic OR palatine

Right upper limb distal to antebrachium (or hand) of an adult has ____ bones.

27

Which of the following bones forms the bulk of the hard palate?

Maxilla Bone