A&P CH 17

Which of the following is not typically caused by a hormone?

stimulating the contraction of skeletal muscles

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to fall is

insulin.

Norepinephrine and epinephrine are considered to be ________ when released into the bloodstream, but ________ when released at synapses.

neuropeptides; neurotransmitters

How is hormone secretion regulated?

Hormone secretion regulated can be regulated by blood composition, other homones, or by the nervouse system.

The ____ hormone is secreted from the hypothalamus which in turns stimulates the release of ________, which then causes Thyroid hormone to be produce. (select all that appliy)

TSH TRH

Which pituitary hormone triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland?

TSH.

Which endocrine organ is indicated by the number 4?

Testes

Extracellular membrane receptors are used by which of the following types of hormones?

catecholamines peptide hormones eicosanoids

Which of the following are true regarding Peptide hormones?

composed of amino acids.

Identify the hormone labeled "1."

corticotropin (ACTH)

A hormone that promotes glucose formation in the liver is

cortisol.

________ are chemical messengers that are released in one tissue and transported in the bloodstream to alter the activities of specific cells in other tissues.

hormones

Which of the following occurs when blood glucose levels rise?

insulin is released.

During the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

lipid reserves are mobilized.

Which of the following hormone(s) may be slowly administered by intravenous drip to accelerate labor and delivery?

oxytocin.

Which of the following hormones is a classic example of a positive feedback?

oxytocin.

Which endocrine organ is indicated by the number 2?

parathyroid

Before the discovery of these glands, thyroid surgery often led to a rapid drop in blood calcium levels, which triggered muscle contractions and cardiac arrhythmias. What glands are these and which hormone is lacking?

parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone

Which of the following hormones are secreted from the Parathyroid gland? (select all that appliy)

parathyroid hormone

Which of the following hormones can raise calcium ion levels in the blood?

parathyroid hormone.

The hormone oxytocin

promotes uterine contractions. is responsible for milk expression from the mammary glands. rises during sexual arousal.

The term down-regulation refers to the:

reduction of the number of hormone receptors in a cell.

If stress lasts longer than a few hours, an individual will enter the ________ phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).

resistance

After brain surgery, a patient receiving postoperative care in an intensive care unit began to pass large volumes of very dilute urine. The ICU nurse administered a medicine that mimics one of the following hormones. Which one?

ADH

Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of

ADH.

Which of the following hormones is secreted from the posterior pituitary gland?

ADH.

What happens when a G protein becomes activated and causes an activation of enzymes,

ATP is consumed and cAMP is formed.

Identify the hormone labeled "13."

oxytocin

Which of the following is produced by the testes?

testosterone.

Which endocrine organ is indicated by the number 6?

thymus

Which organ secretes both Thyroxine and calcitonin?

thyroid gland.

Identify the hormone labeled "4."

thyroid-stimulating hormone

Each of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative, except

thyroid-stimulating hormone.

A rise in cortisol would cause an increase in each of the following, except

ACTH levels.

Which pituitary hormone controls the release of steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex?

ACTH.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?

Chemical messenger travels short distance.

Which of the following is not a general function of the neuroendocrine system?

Conduction

Which endocrine organ is indicated by the number 8?

Ovaries

Which of the following hormones are released from the pitutary gland via direct control from the hypothalamus? (select all that appliy)

Oxytocin ADH

Which of the following hormones are secreted from the Adrenal gland? (select all that appliy)

Epinephrine Androgens Aldosterone Glucocorticoids (cortisol)

A deficiency of which hormone can lead to excessive water loss?

14

Which pituitary hormone promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes ?

FSH.

Which of the following proteins is secreted primarily from the stomach and stimulates hunger?

Ghrelin

Which pituitary hormone promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone?

LH.

Which of the following proteins is secreted by fat tissue and inhibit hunger?

Leptin

Which of the following endocrine glands is located in the neck?

Thyroid

Which of the following is not a chemical classification of hormones?

Tropic

What is the link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide hormones?

a G protein.

Excess secretion of growth hormone during adulthood will cause

acromegaly.

Which endocrine organ is indicated by the number 3?

adrenal

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce

aldosterone.

Which of the following hormones work in a reciprocal relationship to control blood calcium levels? (select all that apply)

calcitonin parathyroid hormone

The exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is characterized by

decreased resistance to disease and infection.

Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in:

diabetes mellitus.

Which of the following is true of the endocrine system but not the nervous system?

directs long term processes such as pregnancy and puberty

The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and a(n) ________ organ.

endocrine

The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) is

epinephrine.

The ovaries secrete ________ when stimulated by FSH.

estrogen

All of the following are true of the nervous system, except that it doesn't

function independently of the endocrine system

What happens after a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex?

gene transcription is initiated.

Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause

gigantism.

When blood glucose levels fall,

glucagon is released

If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting

glucagon.

Hormones that dominate during the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) are the

glucocorticoids.

Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphyseal plates?

growth hormone

The hypothalamus controls secretion by the anterior pituitary by

secreting releasing and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal system.

Cells can respond to ________ hormone(s) at a time.

several

In comparison with the nervous system, the regulatory effects of the endocrine system are:

slow to appear, but long-lasting.