A&P Chapter 10 - Muscles

splenius capitis

" head " extends head

T or F A synergist is a muscle whose action is opposite that of an agonist.

False - A synergist aids an agonist in its function; it does not oppose the agonist.

T or F The biceps brachii is a bipennate muscle.

False. Biceps brachii is considered a fusiform muscle.

T or F Each skeletal muscle is innervated by at least one spinal nerve.

False. Many skeletal muscles are innervated by cranial nerves.

T or F One must contract the internal intercostal muscles in order to exhale.

False. Normally, no muscular effort is needed to exhale.

T or F The following intrinsic hand muscles are listed in order from strongest to weakest: abductor digiti minimi, adductor pollicis, dorsal interosseous.

False. The adductor pollicis is by far the strongest of the 3 listed muslces ( important in the strength of the hand grip,) but is not listed first.

T or F Each skeletal muscle fiber is enclosed in a perimysium that separates it from adjacent fibers.

False. The connective tissue that encloses individual muscle fibers is endomysium.

T or F Severing the large trigeminal nerve would paralyze more facial muscles than severing the facial nerve.

False. The facial nerve innervates 16 of the facial muscles tabulated in the chapter. The trigeminal innervates 6 tabulated muscles, but they are muscles of chewing and swallowing, not facial expression.

T or F In climbing stairs, the hamstrings provide much of the thrust that lifts the body to each higher step.

False. The hamstrings flex the knee and therefore would not aid in lifting the body to the next step.

T or F The orbicularis oculi is a sphincter.

False. The orbicularis was once thought to be a sphincter but is no longer interpreted as such.

T or F The tibial anterior and tibialis posterior are synergists.

False. They are on opposite sides of the tibia and act as antagonists.

Which of these is not a suprahyoid muscle? a. genioglossus b. geniohyoid c. stylohyoid d. mylohyoid e. digastric

a. genioglossus

Which of the following muscles does not extend the hip joint? a. quadriceps femoris b. gluteus maximus c. biceps femoris d. semitendinosus e. semimembranosus

a. quadriceps femoris

Which of the following muscles does not contribute to the rotator cuff? a. teres minor b. teres major c. subscapularis d. infraspinatus e. supraspinatus

b. teres major

Both the hands and feet are acted upon by a muscle or muscles called a. the extensor digitorum b. the abductor digiti minimi c. the flexor digitorum profundus d. the abductor hallucis e. the flexor digitorum longus

b. the abductor digiti minimi

Make a fist, then straighten your fingers. The muscles that performed the latter action have tendons that pass through a. the flexor retinaculum b. the extensor retinaculum c. the carpal tunnel d. the rotator cuff e. the planter region of the wrist

b. the extensor retinaculum

A muscle somewhat like a feather, with fibers obliquely approaching its tendon from both sides, is called a/an ___ muscle.

bipennate

feather

bipennate

What muscle is the prime mover in sucking through a soda straw or spitting out a mouthful of liquid?

buccinator

Which of these muscles is an extensor of the neck? a. external oblique b. sternocleidomastoid c. splenius capitis d. iliocostalis e. latissimus dorsi

c. splenius capitis

Which of the following muscles raises the upper lip? a. levator palpebrae superioris b. orbicularis oris c. zygomaticus minor d. masseter e. mentalis

c. zygomaticus minor

Both the gastrocnemius and _____ muscles insert on the heel by way of the calcaneal tendon. a. semimembranosus b. tibialis posterior c. tibialis anterior d. soleus e. plantaris

d. soleus

Which of these actions is not performed by the trapezius? a. extension of the neck b. depression of the scapula c. elevation of the scapula d. rotation of the scapula e. adduction of the humerus

e. adduction of the humerus

Which of these muscles of the pelvic floor is the deepest? a. superficial transverse perineal b. bulbospongiosus c. ischiocavernosus d. deep transverse perineal e. levator ani

e. levator ani

A bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium is call a/an

fascicle

bundle

fascicle

Connective tissue bands called ___ prevent flexor tendons of the forearm and leg from rising like bowstrings.

flexor reinacula

The three large muscles on the posterior side of the thigh are commonly known as the ___ muscle.

hamstrings

lip

levator labii superioris

The abdominal aponeuroses converge on a median fibrous band on the abdomen called the ___

linea alba

mouse

muscle

shoulder

omohyoid

muscle

perimysium

third

peroneus tertius

The ___ is the muscle that generates the most force in a given joint movement.

prime mover (agonist)

lower back

quadratus lumborum

A circular muscle that closes a body opening is called a/an ___.

sphincter

A muscle that works with another to produce the same or similar movement is called a/an ___.

synergist

work

synergist

The anterior half of the perineum is a region called the ___

urogenital triangle