A&P Chapter 10 Practice Quiz - Gross Anatomy

What muscles are considered the major muscles of mastication? Select all that apply.

1. Pterygoids 2. Masseter 3. Temporalis

The extrinsic hand muscles are located in the

forearm

Although the extrinsic hand muscles are located in the forearm, they have tendons that extend into the ______.

hand

C

Identify the labeled muscles that indicates the rectus abdominis.

List the arrangement of components found in a first-class lever.

Weight-fulcrum-pull

D

Which of the labeled muscles is the brachioradialis?

E

Which of the labeled muscles is the flexor carpi radialis?

A

Which of the labeled muscles is the trapezius?

Moving the eyeball around the eye orbit is primarily the job of the _____.

extrinsic muscles of the eye

Cutaneous skeletal muscles of the face play an important role in ______.

facial expression

Match the rotator cuff muscle with its action on the arm at the shoulder joint.

abduction -> supraspinatus lateral rotation -> infraspinatus medial rotation-> subscapularis

Match the muscles with their action on the HIP or THIGH (not the knee).

adductor magnus -> adduction bicep femoris -> extension rectus femoris -> flexion gluteus medius -> abduction

A muscle that produces most of the force during a particular joint action is a(n) ______.

agonist (prime mover)

In the body, the bones function as levers with the joints functioning as ______.

fulcrums

The intrinsic hand muscles are located in the _____.

hand

Name the fixed end or most stationary, proximal end of the muscle.

origin

The site of muscle attachment that does not move during contraction is its ________

origin

The coccygeus and levator ani together form the ______.

pelvic diaphragm

Indicate the example of a second class lever.

Movement of temporomandibular joint when opening mouth

Identify the muscle(s) that is/are primarily responsible for holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity.

Rotator cuff

What muscle(s) is/are the PRIMARY muscles involved in attaching the arm to the thorax?

Rotator cuff muscles

A

The adductor longus is indicated by letter ______.

Identify muscles that adduct the thigh. Select all that apply.

- Adductor magnus - Adductor longus - Gracilis

Identify the primary functions of the muscles that form the rotator cuff. Select all that apply.

- Allows for rotation of the arm - Holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Which of the following muscles extend the hip? Select all that apply.

- Biceps femoris - Semitendinosus

Which of the following muscles are flexors of the elbow? Select all that apply.

- Brachioradialis - Biceps brachii - Brachialis

Name the points of origin of the gluteus maximus. Select all that apply.

- Coxal bone - Sacrum

Which shoulder muscles can cause more than one type of movement of the arm? Select all that apply.

- Deltoid - Latissimus dorsi - Pectoralis major

Describe the diaphragm.

- Dome-shaped muscle dividing thorax from abdomen - Innervated by the phrenic nerve - Involved in quiet inspiration

Identify muscles that medially rotate the thigh. Select all that apply.

- Gluteus medius - Tensor fasciae latae

The muscles of the vertebral column have what general actions? Select all that apply.

- Lateral flexion - Extension - Rotation

Which muscles extend the arm at the shoulder joint? Select all that apply.

- Latissimus dorsi - Teres major - Deltoid - Pectoralis major

The oblique muscles can cause which of the following eyeball actions? Select all that apply.

- Look to the side - Look up and down

The rectus eye muscles can cause which of the following eyeball actions? Select all that apply.

- Look up and down - Look to the nose - Look to the side

Describe the extensor retinaculum.

A strong band of connective tissue that covers the tendons crossing the wrist

Pennate

Based on the arrangement of fascicles in this muscle, what class of muscle is depicted?

In elbow flexion, which muscle is the agonist?

Biceps brachii

Which muscle extends the hip?

Biceps femoris

True or False: An aponeurosis is a cord-like connection between a muscle and a bone.

False

True or false: All muscles have attachment sites on two different bones.

False

True or false: Muscles of the soft palate, pharynx and larynx play an important role in mastication.

False

The deltoid, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis and biceps brachii _____ the arm at the shoulder joint.

Flex

Identify a muscle that originates on the ilium, sacrum and coxal bone and inserts on the femur?

Gluteus maximus

Identify the action of the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg.

Plantar flexion

The superficial posterior leg muscles, such as the gastrocnemius, have what action on the foot?

Plantar flexion

The muscles responsible for extending the wrist and fingers are mostly found on the ______ of the forearm.

Posterior

Which muscle is located in the posterior thigh?

Semitendinosus

Class 1

This image depicts which type of lever?

B

The rectus femoris is indicated by letter _____.

A muscle that acts in opposition to an agonist is a(n)

antagonist

Flexion of the head is accomplished by the ______ neck muscles.

anterior

Muscles that dorsiflex the foot will be found in the _________ compartment of the leg.

anterior

The ______ forearm muscles are mostly responsible for flexing the wrist and fingers.

anterior

A(n) ______ is a broad sheet of connective tissue which attaches muscle to bone or to the coverings of adjacent muscles.

aponeurosis

In skeletal muscle, the broad, thicker part of the muscle between the origin and insertion is called the

belly

The ________ brachii is a prime mover for flexion of the elbow.

biceps

Name the structure or structures to which muscles attach.

bone and skin

Flexion of the neck will occur when ______ of the sternocleidomastoid muscles contract. However the neck will rotate to the opposite side when _____ of the sternocleidomastoid muscles contracts.

both, one

The temporalis, masseter lateral pterygoid and the medial pterygoid are all considered muscles of ______.

chewing

The classes of muscles based upon the arrangement of the fasciculi include fusiform, _____.

circular, parallel, pennate and convergent

The ______ foot muscles are located in the leg.

extrinsic

Name the muscle which decreases the volume of the thorax when it relaxes and is innervated by the phrenic nerve: ________

diaphragm

The anterior compartment of the leg contain the muscles that ______ the foot.

dorsiflex

Latissimus dorsi, teres major, and deltoid muscles ______ the arm at the shoulder joint.

extend

The ______ is a strong band of connective tissue that holds tendons in place at the wrist.

extensor retinaculum

The inferior oblique and lateral rectus are _____.

external muscles of the eye

By definition, skeletal muscles that are located within the actual structure being moved are known as

intrinsic

Hand muscles that are located entirely within the hand are called __________ muscles.

intrinsic

The orbicularis oris and buccinator muscles are both involved in ______.

kissing

The extrinsic foot muscles are located in the ______.

leg

The buccinator, orbicularis oris and mentalis are muscles that control the _____.

lips and skin around the mouth

Match the thigh compartment with its major action on the hip/thigh.

medial -> adduction of thigh anterior -> flexion of hip posterior -> extension of hip

Match the thigh compartment with its major action on the knee joint.

medial -> little action on knee anterior -> extends the knee posterior -> flexes the knee

The flexors of the knee are found in the __________ compartment of the thigh.

posterior

The triceps brachii is classified as the ______ in the extension of the elbow.

prime mover

Contraction the sternocleidomastoid on one side will result in ______ and contraction of both sides together result in ______.

rotation of the neck toward the opposite side, flexion of the neck

Muscle fascicle arrangement determines muscle ______.

shape

Among the lateral neck muscles, the muscle that acts as the prime mover to flex the head is the

sternocleidomastoid

The biceps brachii and supinator act on the forearm to ______ the hand.

supinate

The muscles acting on the arm can result in all of the following movements of the arm EXCEPT _____.

supination

The abdominal wall is composed of several layers of muscles. The deepest layer is _____, the middle layer is the _____, and the most superficial layer is the _____.

transversus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique

A -> gluteus maximus B -> semitendinosus C -> semimembranosus D -> adductor magnus E -> bicep femoris F - > gastrocnemius

Match the labeled muscle with the correct muscle in this posterior image of the body.

Vastus lateralis

Name the anterior thigh muscle indicated by the arrow.

Tendon

Name the encircled structure indicated by the arrow.

Which muscles 'laterally and angularly deviate' the movement of the eye?

Oblique muscles of the eye

Muscles can be classified by their shape. What characteristic of a muscle determines its shape classification?

Orientation of muscle fibers

Which muscles DO NOT attach the scapula to the thorax? Select all that apply.

Subscapularis Pectoralis major

Which of the following are characteristics used in the naming of individual muscles? Select all that apply.

- Number of heads - Function - Bone attachment sites

Which muscles flex the arm at the shoulder joint? Select all that apply.

- Pectoralis major - Deltoid

Which muscles medially rotate the arm at the shoulder joint? Select all that apply.

- Pectoralis major - Latissimus dorsi - Teres major - Deltoid - Subscapularis

Identify muscles that laterally rotate the thigh. Select all that apply.

- Piriformis - Adductor longus - Gluteus maximus

Which are characteristics used in the naming of muscles? Select all that apply.

- Region of the body - Size and shape - Origin and insertion

Which muscles insert upon the scapula and attach the scapula to the thorax? Select all that apply.

- Rhomboideus muscles - Pectoralis minor - Levator scapulae - Serratus anterior - Trapezius

What muscles attach the arm to the thorax? Select all that apply.

- Rotator cuff muscles - Latissimus dorsi - Pectoralis major - Deltoid

What thoracic muscles are involved in inspiration? Select all that apply.

- Scalene muscles - External intercostals

Which of the following are extrinsic eye muscles? Select all that apply.

- Superior oblique - Inferior rectus - Lateral rectus

Which two muscles act on the forearm to supinate the hand?

- Supinator - Biceps brachii

Which describes the general roles of the larynx, pharynx, and soft palate muscles? Select all that apply.

- Swallowing - Directing food passage - Speech production

Select the muscles that form the rotator cuff. Select all that apply.

- Teres minor - Infraspinatus - Supraspinatus - Subscapularis

What thoracic muscles are involved in expiration? Select all that apply.

- Transversus thoracis - Internal intercostals

Which muscles are extensors of the elbow? Select all that apply.

- Triceps brachii - Anconeus

Which of the following muscles act on the lips and skin around the mouth? Select all that apply.

- Zygomaticus major - Buccinator - Orbicularis oris - Mentalis

Which is a role of the anterior abdominal wall muscles?

- rotation of vertebral column - flexion of vertebral column - protection - decrease volume of abdominal cavity - aids urinary and digestive system

Infraspinatus

Choose the muscle of the posterior trunk indicated by the arrow.

Indicate the example of a third class lever.

Contraction of biceps brachii flexing the elbow

Indicate the example of a first-class lever.

Contraction of posterior neck muscles to look upward

True or false: Muscles moving the arm through the shoulder are involved in pronation and supination.

False

two

The lever indicated in this image is a class ______ lever.

Three

The lever system shown in this picture is a class ______ lever.

latissimus dorsi

The posterior trunk muscle indicated by the arrow is the ______.

True or False: The adductors of the thigh are found in the medial compartment of the thigh.

True

True or False: The triceps brachii is the prime mover for extension of the elbow.

True

True or false: Muscles of the vertebral column extend, flex and rotate the vertebral column.

True

C

Which of the labeled muscles is the pronator teres?

C

Which of the labeled muscles is the teres major?

Convergent, parallel, pennate, parallel and fusiform are terms used to describe ______.

fasciculi arrangement and muscle shape

The overall function of the extrinsic eye muscles is ______.

moving the eye around in the orbit