A&P: chapter 13

mixed nerves

1,2,3,4 are part of the PNS connect the CNS to sensory receptors are named according to the region of the vertebral column from which they emerge are mixed nerves

A typical spinal nerve has how many connections to the spinal cord?

2

Place the reflex arc components in order from detecting a stimulus to response.

5,3,4,1,2

Christopher Reeve, a famous actor and competitive equestrian (he played Superman!), fell from a horse and suffered fractures to the tops of two vertebra and could not breathe without the help of a respirator. Which of the nerves in this diagram were likely damaged?

A

In this diagram, respiratory distress can occur if damage occurs to which group of spinal nerves?

A

Which of the labeled structures,on the image above, allows doctors to safely introduce antibiotics or anesthetics and measure CSF pressure?

A

on what labeled structure would a ganglion be found ?

C

A pupillary reflex is integrated in the brain stem so it is classified as a ________ reflex. The smooth muscle of the iris is the effector, so this is classified as a(n) ___________.

Cranial; autonomic

Which of the nerves in this diagram only have anterior and posterior rami branches and do not form plexuses ?

D

In this diagram where is the space that contains a buoyant liquid to form a hydraulic cushion that absorbs shock

E

In this diagram which structure is the conus medullaris

E

Which of the labeled structures is composed of squamous to cuboidal cells and is very vascular ?

E

A gymnast has damaged their hip flexor muscles. The nerve that innervates these muscles arise from which group of spinal nerves in this diagram?

F

Which of the labeled structures,on the image above, would receive injections to cause loss of sensation to control pain in childbirth?

F

In the diagram which structure contains nerve roots that arise from the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal region of the spinal cord?

G

In this diagram which area is continuous with the 4th ventricle of the brain

G

in this diagram where is the structure that adheres to the spinal cord and brain

G

If you had a rash on the anterior surface of your trunk, what labeled structure, on the image above, wouldserve the muscles and skin of that area?

H

In this diagram above where would somatic motor nuclei be located?

H

In this diagram above, which layer is the thickest protective covering?

I

In this diagram where would the medial reticulospinal tract be located?

I

A child was in a diving accident. When brought into the emergency room, the doctor used sharp and blunt objects to determine if there was any sensation on the bottom of the foot and the lateral aspect of their palm. The child stated they could not feel the stimulus in either area, but could elsewhere. What nerves were most likely damaged?

S1 and C6

A patient who has loss of pin prick sensation starting at the level of the nipple and downward on the right side would have a lesion in the spinal cord at which level?

T6-T7

Why is a spinal tap performed below L2 of the spinal cord?

The spinal meninges and spaces extend passed the proper spinal cord, allowing fluid to be withdrawn with a minimal risk of damage to the spinal cord.

The area of the skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair of spinal nerves is called

a dermatome

Sensory information travels to the brain via

ascending tracts

Which nerve innervates the muscle that abducts the arm at the shoulder and the skin overlying the deltoid?

axillary

Which plexus arises from the structure labeled b in the diagram?

brachial plexus

The spinal cord ends

btwn L1 & l2

Which of the following spinal nerves does not travel through an intervertebral foramen to reach its destination?

cervical spinal nerve 1

Which spinal meninges is composed of collagen fibers arranged in an irregular pattern that is very strong?

dura mater

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc would be represented by the contraction of the gastrocnemius muscle or the radial iris muscles?

effectors

Which of the following lists the connective tissue coverings of the axons, fascicles, and entire nerve in the correct order?

endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium

Which layer of protective connective tissue covers a nerve and fuses with the outer menix layer

epuneruium

in this diagram where is the avascular structure located between the subdural and subarachnoid space

h

When the quadriceps muscle extends the lower leg in the patella reflex, what is occurring in the motor neuron to produce an action potential?

influx of sodium and efflux of potassium

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc can be monosynaptic or polysynaptic?

integrating center

The nerves that supply the thigh and calf of leg emerge from the

lumbar enlargement

In the 400 meter relay, runners handoff the baton to the person in front of them. The second runner in the relay team had to be replaced . They were unable to pronate their forearm to reach behind for the baton because of injury to their brachial plexus. What is the most likely site of their injury?

median nerve

An individual suffers a stroke and looses control over their left arm. The individual is affected with __________ paralysis.

monoplegia

What parts of a neuron within a nerve is/are wrapped in a protective endoneurium?

myelinated and unmyelinated axon

Which of the following structure travels from the area labeled d in the diagram?

obturator nerve

Which branch of a spinal nerve serves the deep muscles and skin of the posterior surface of the trunk ?

posterior ramus

If these structures were served, the nerve impulses from pain and stretch receptors would not reach the CNS

posterior root of the spinal nerves

Excitation of the quadriceps femoris group and inhibition of the hamstring group is termed _______ innervation.

reciprocal

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc would involve the posterior root ganglion?

sensory neuron

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc monitors the rectus femoris muscle stretching?

sensory receptor

Which structure listed contains cerebrospinal fluid

subarachnoid space

A severed obturator nerve will lead into paralysis of which region of the body?

thigh

An individual with shingles presents with pain and lesions in the mouth, ears, and pharynx. Which dermatomal region would be sending the afferent signals?

trigeminal