A&P Chapter 8

Tibial collateral ligament

A

Which letter represents the fibular collateral ligament?

A

What best describes the structure of a synovial joint?

A fluid-filled cavity is found between the articulating bones.

Which of the following is NOT a function of joints?

All joints allow a wide variety and range of motions.

Ligament that prevents the tibia from moving too far medially on the femur

B

Ulnar collateral ligament

B

Humeroradial joint

D

Fibular collateral ligament

NOT A

Which statement best describes tendon sheaths?

Tendon sheaths protect long tendons as they course over and around synovial joints.

What is a function of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint?

The ACL prevents the tibia from moving too far medially on the femur.

What is moving a limb away from the median plane of the body along the frontal plane called?

abduction

Which movement opposes adduction?

abduction

Which type of angular movement moves a body part away from the midline of the body or another reference point?

abduction

While warming up for gym class, Sheila performed a set of jumping jacks. This action involves:

abduction and adduction.

Which of the following is an example of a synchondrosis?

an epiphyseal plate found between the shaft (diaphysis) and the end (epiphysis) of a long bone

Flexion and extension are types of:

angular movements.

The anterior cruciate ligament, of the knee joint, anchors the tibia bone to:

another bone

Which of the following is an example of a pivot joint?

atlas/axis

Which of the following is the most movable?

ball and socket

The shoulder and hip joints are similar because they are both:

ball-and-socket joints.

Where would a gliding movement most likely occur?

between the intercarpal joints of the wrist

What do ligaments connect together?

bones

Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membranes that act as cushions in places where friction develops are called

bursae.

Annular ligament

c

Posterior cruciate ligament

c

The hip is known as the:

coxal joint.

Pow! A firecracker explodes close to you. Your mouth drops open in surprise, a movement known as:

depression

Determine the functional joint classification that provides the greatest mobility.

diarthrosis

Which of the following is a freely movable joint?

diarthrosis

Which of the following cartilaginous joints is found only in young, growing people?

epiphyseal plate

Abduction is an opposing action to extension.

false

Joints classifications are known as structural classifications when based on the degree of motion they allow.

false

Symphysis joints provide no movement and are functionally classified as synarthroses.

false

The elbow and knee are examples of ball-and-socket joints.

false

The knee joint is the most freely moving joint in the human body.

false

In the knee joint, the medial meniscus is:

fibrocartilage.

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to:

fibrocartilage.

Classify these joints to the correct structural classification: sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses.

fibrous

Which structural joint classification is held together by dense regular collagenous connective tissue?

fibrous

While eating, you move your forearm and hand from the plate of food toward your face. Classify the movement occurring at the elbow joint.

flexion

The elbow and knee joints are similar in that their primary motions are:

flexion and extension.

What type of motion at a synovial joint does NOT involve the movement of a joint around an axis?

gliding

A fibrous joint that is a peg-in-socket is called a ________ joint.

gomphosis

Classify the elbow, which is structured with the convex surface of one bone fitting into the concave depression of another bone.

hinge joint

What are the two articulations present in the elbow joint?

humeroulnar joint and the humeroradial joint

Synchondroses unite bones with ________ while symphyses unite bones with ________.

hyaline cartilage; fibrocartilage

Which of the following cartilaginous joints functions primarily in protection and shock absorption of the spinal column?

intervertebral disc

While walking through the parking lot to her car, Tara stepped in chewing gum. She medially rotated her foot toward the midline of the body to see the gum, performing:

inversion.

Which ligament of the coxal joint supports the inferior aspect of the joint?

ligament of the head of the femur

What best describes cartilaginous joints?

little, if any, motion

Where is a condylar joint found?

metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers 2-5

Classify the shoulder joint.

multiaxial (triaxial) joint

What type of joint is a ball-and-socket joint?

multiaxial (triaxial) joint

Which of the following has the greatest range of motion?

multiaxial (triaxial) joint

Select the order of functional classes of synovial joints that represents the least number of axes to the most number of axes.

nonaxial, uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial (triaxial)

Which type of synovial joint is the simplest and least mobile and includes the intercarpal joints of the wrist?

plane joint

Elizabeth fell down a flight of stairs. The angle between her right foot and the tibia increased as her toes were bent toward the ground. What movement do you think caused her to injure her foot?

plantar flexion

A ballerina who stands on the tips of her toes is performing:

plantar flexion.

Which key feature distinguishes a synovial joint from other joint types?

presence of a joint cavity

Which of the following is NOT a function of synovial fluid?

protect tendons

Where can pronation and supination occur?

proximal radioulnar joint of the forearm

Which of the following is NOT a ligament associated with the knee joint?

radial collateral ligament

Articular cartilage found at the ends of long bones serves to:

reduce friction and absorb shock.

What movement would you expect to see in a pivot joint?

rotation

Shaking your head as if to say "no" is a joint movement known as:

rotation.

What type of biaxial joint is characterized by articulating bones with a deeper complementary fit, one with a convex surface and the other with a concave surface?

saddle joint

Which joint is associated with the rotator cuff, a group of muscles and their tendons?

shoulder

Which of the following is NOT a location where a hinge joint is found?

shoulder

Which of the following movements is an example of abduction?

spreading the fingers apart

Fibrous joints are built for:

stability.

Which of the following is a joint found only in the skull?

suture

Which type of fibrous joint is found between bones of the cranium?

suture

Which of the following is/are classified as fibrous joints?

sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

A is where bones are united by fibrocartilage.

symphysis

Functionally, how are cartilaginous joints classified?

synarthroses or amphiarthroses

Due to an accident on the playground, Kayleigh wears a cast to immobilize her elbow. What functional class of joint does this immobilization resemble?

synarthrosis

Which of the following best represents the functional classifications of joints ranked from least movable to most movable?

synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis

Which of the following is NOT a subclass of a fibrous joint?

synchondrosis

Which of the following is a cartilaginous joint?

synchondrosis

Which of the following is NOT a functional joint classification?

synovial

What component of a synovial joint lubricates the joint, supplies nutrients and removes metabolic wastes, and absorbs shock?

synovial fluid

Which of the following components of a synovial joint functions to connect muscle to bone?

tendon

What feature is NOT one of the three unique features of the synovial joint?

tendon sheath

The coxal joint is an articulation formed by:

the head of the femur and the acetabulum.

Which of the following is an example of a syndesmosis?

the interosseous membrane situated between the radius and ulna in the forearm

Although both the shoulder and hip are ball-and-socket joints, the hip is more stable because of its role in weight bearing and locomotion.

true

Although saddle joints are biaxial like condylar joints, they provide a greater amount of motion than condylar joints.

true

Both synovial fluid and articular cartilage function in shock absorption and the lubrication of a synovial joint.

true

Opposition and reposition occur only at the thumb or the first carpometacarpal joint.

true

Synovial joints are different from cartilaginous and fibrous joints due to the presence of a joint (synovial) cavity.

true

The only example of a gomphosis in the body is the articulation between the teeth and the maxilla or mandible.

true

What type of joint allows motion around only one axis?

uniaxial