A&P Chapters 12-15 (Short Answer + MCQ)
A person with a hematocrit of 33% is suffering from A) anemia B) leukopenia C) polycythemia D) leukocytosis
A
A prefix meaning "blood" is A) hemato B) leuko C) lympho D) morpho
A
A system of enzymes that is used to combat pathogens is called A) complement B) antibodies C) phagocytosis D) hemostasis
A
Atrial systole occurs when A) the atria are contracting B) the atria are relaxing C) the ventricles are contracting D) blood is ejected into the aorta
A
Endocarditis is A) inflammation of the epithelial lining of the heart B) inflammation of a serous membrane C) a form of heart disease that follows rheumatic fever D) a congenital heart defect
A
Excess red blood cell production due to a bone marrow abnormality is called A) polycythemia vera B) sickle cell disease C) aplastic anemia D) leukopenia
A
Macrophages develop from A) monocytes B) lymphocytes C) neutrophils D) eosinophils
A
The BUN is a test for A) nitrogenous waste B) enzymes C) clotting factors D) hemoglobin
A
The atrioventricular valves are closed during the entire period of A)ventricular systole B)atrial systole C)the cardiac cycle D)atrial diastole
A
The average total volume of blood in the body is about A) 5 liters B) 5 pints C) 500 ml D) 70 kg
A
The gamma globulin fraction of the plasma contains A) antibodies B) clotting factors C) iodine D) gases
A
The main carbohydrate in plasma is A) glucose B) amino acids C) glycogen D) albumin
A
The most abundant type of leukocyte is the A) neutrophil B) monocyte C) lymphocyte D) eosinophil
A
The outermost layer of the heart wall is called the A) epicardium B) myocardium C) endocardium D) septum
A
Threads that attach the valve flaps to the ventricle walls are called A) chordae tendineae B) ductus arteriosus C) stenoses D) stents
A
A person whose blood reacts with anti-B serum and anti-A serum has blood type ______.
AB
A centrifuge is used to A) measure the clotting time of blood B) spin blood to separate it C) test the hemoglobin content of blood D) count the cells in a given volume of blood
B
A low white cell count is called A) thrombocytopenia B) leukopenia C) leukemia D) polycythemia
B
A person with a white cell count of 2,000 cells per μl blood is suffering from A) anemia B) leukopenia C) polycythemia D) leukocytosis
B
A person with type A blood has antibodies to A) A antigen B) B antigen C) A and B antigens D) neither antigen
B
An inherited hemolytic form of anemia is A) pernicious anemia B) sickle cell anemia C) aplastic anemia D) nutritional anemia
B
Blood is considered to be A) loose connective tissue B) liquid connective tissue C) epithelial tissue D) None of the answers are correct.
B
Estimation of the percentage of each white blood cell type in a smear is called a A) complete blood count B) differential white count C) hematocrit D) red cell count
B
Myelogeneous leukemia arises in A) lymphoid tissue B) red bone marrow C) yellow bone marrow D) blood plasma
B
The clumping of red cells when they are mixed with matching antiserum is called A) transfusion B) agglutination C) hemolysis D) hemostasis
B
The first vessels that branch off the aorta are the A) pulmonary arteries B) coronary arteries C) carotid artery D) subclavian artery
B
The heart chamber that receives blood from the lungs is the A) right atrium B) left atrium C) right ventricle D) left ventricle
B
The left ventricle receives blood from the A) pulmonary veins B) left atrium C) right ventricle D) pulmonary artery
B
The prevention of blood loss is called A) homeostasis B) hemostasis C) vascularization D) transfusion
B
Which of the following cells are phagocytes? A) plasma cells and lymphocytes B) macrophages and neutrophils C) neutrophils and platelets D) eosinophils and basophils
B
Which of the following events occurs before the others in the clotting process? A) conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin B) formation of prothrombinase C) conversion of prothrombinase to thrombin D) trapping of blood cells in a network of threads
B
Which of the following is a clotting factor? A) creatinine B) thrombin C) albumin D) alkaline phosphatase
B
A band cell is an immature A) monocyte B) Lymphocyte C) neutrophil D) eosinophil
C
A person with a red cell count of 7 million cells per μL blood is suffering from A) Anemia B) Leukopenia C) polycythemia D) leukocytosis
C
Erythropenia would most likely refer to A) a lack of white blood cells B) an excess of white blood cells C) a lack of red blood cells D) an excess of red blood cells
C
Ms. M has type B blood. Which type of donor blood will NOT induce a transfusion reaction? A) type A blood B) type AB blood C) type O blood D) None of the answers are correct.
C
Platelets are derived from large bone marrow cells called A) macrophages B) erythrocytes C) megakaryocytes D) thrombocytes
C
The level of erythropoietin production would rise A) moving from high altitude to low altitude B) as a consequence of polycythemia C) as a consequence of hemorrhage D) None of the answers are correct.
C
The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle with each contraction is called the A) cardiac output B) heart rate C) stroke volume D) cardiac cycle
C
Which of the following cells would be capable of protein synthesis? A) platelet B) erythrocyte C) neutrophil D) None of the answers are correct.
C
The coronary sinus A) supplies blood to the heart B) supplies blood to the head C) drains into the superior vena cava D) collects blood from the myocardium
D
The most abundant protein in plasma is A) fibrinogen B) thrombin C) complement D) albumin
D
The part of the heart capable of generating the largest force is the A) right atrium B) left atrium C) right ventricle D) left ventricle
D
The semilunar valves are the A) mitral and bicuspid B) aortic and mitral C) pulmonary and bicuspid D) aortic and pulmonary
D
The valve preventing blood from re-entering the left ventricle is the A) mitral valve B) tricuspid valve C) pulmonary valve D) aortic valve
D
Which blood cell lacks a nucleus? A) monocyte B) neutrophil C) megakaryocyte D) erythrocyte
D
Proteins in blood that bind to antigens are called _________.
antibodies
A substance that inhibits blood clot formation is called a(n) _________.
anticoagulant
A disease that results from destruction of red bone marrow is ____________ __________.
aplastic anemia
An abnormally slow heart rate is termed ______________.
bradycardia
The product of the stroke volume and the heart rate is called the _________ _________.
cardiac output
The blood supply to the myocardium is called the __________ circulation.
coronary
A dilated vein that returns blood from the coronary circulation to the right atrium is the __________ _______.
coronary sinus
A plant-derived substance that slows and strengthens heart muscle contractions is ___________.
digitalis
Electrical changes in the heart are detected by an instrument called a(n) ________________________.
electrocardiograph
The heart wall layer that is part of the pericardium is the __________.
epicardium
Red blood cells are also called _____________.
erythrocytes
The most numerous blood cells are __________ or ______ ______ __________.
erythrocytes, red blood cells
The insoluble protein that forms a blood clot is ________.
fibrin
Atrial septal defect results when the _________ ______ between the right and left atria fails to close after birth.
foramen ovale
A heart sound resulting from normal ventricular filling could be called a(n) ____________ murmur.
functional
The protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells is ____________.
hemoglobin
The rupture of red blood cells is called ________.
hemolysis
An inherited disease resulting from a defect in clotting factor VIII is _____________.
hemophilia
The scientific term for excessive bleeding is _________.
hemorrhage
The two upper chambers of the heart are separated by the ________________ ________.
interatrial septum
Impulses can travel directly from the SA node to the AV node via the ____________ _________.
internodal pathways
The element needed for the formation of hemoglobin is _______.
iron
A word part that means suppression is _________.
isch-
The _______ side of the heart pumps blood over longer distances than the other side.
left
A cancer that results in abnormal production of white blood cells is ____________.
leukemia
White blood cells are also called ___________.
leukocytes
The heart sound that occurs at the beginning of ventricular systole is usually described by the syllable ___________.
lub
Until middle age, the gender most likely to develop heart disease is __________.
male
The medical term for a heart attack is ____________ _________.
myocardial infarction
Intercalated disks are found in the heart wall layer called the _________.
myocardium
The thick muscular layer of the heart wall is the __________.
myocardium
The heart rate is slowed down by activation of the ____________ division of the autonomic nervous system.
parasympathetic
The space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium is called the ______________ ________.
pericardial cavity
Inflammation of the serous membrane surrounding the heart results in _______________.
pericarditis
A disease caused by the lack of vitamin B12 is __________ ________.
pernicious anemia
The liquid portion of the blood is __________.
plasma
Activated lymphocytes that produce antibodies are called _________ _______.
plasma cells
Thrombocytes first assist in hemostasis by forming a ________ ______.
platelet plug
Cell fragments involved in hemostasis are called _____________ or _________________
platelets, thrombocytes
The right side of the heart pumps blood through the ______________ circuit.
pulmonary
The _________ or _________ valve is at the exit of the right ventricle.
pulmonary, pulmonic
The cells that give rise to all blood cells are found in the _______ _________ ____________.
red bone marrow
The aortic and pulmonary valves are collectively known as the ____________ valves.
semilunar
The heart rate is usually set by a collection of conducting cells called the ______________ _________.
sinoatrial node
A small tube inserted into a coronary artery to prevent repeated blockage is called a(n) ______________.
stent
A heart murmur would most simply be detected by an instrument called a(n) _____________.
stethoscope
Tachycardia could result from the activation of the ___________ division of the autonomic nervous system.
sympathetic
The ventricles contract during the cardiac cycle phase called _________.
systole
A heart rate of 180 bpm is termed ___________.
tachycardia
The transfer of blood from one person to another is called ____________.
transfusion
The right atrioventricular valve is also known as the ____________ valve.
tricuspid
The contraction of smooth muscles in the wall of a blood vessel causes _____________________.
vasoconstriction
The lower chambers of the heart are called ___________.
ventricles
The substance that makes up over 90% of blood plasma is _________.
water
