A&P Final Exam 1 Chapter 17

Which of the following are responsible for producing new olfactory receptors?

basal cells

Opsin looks colorless when trans-retinal is separated from opsin. This is termed

bleaching

Which molecule detects light rays that strike the photopigments in the retina?

cis-retinal

______ receptors are primarily used for detecting light rays under bright light conditions.

cones

The ______ regulates the amount of light entering the eyeball through the pupil.

iris

In the olfactory pathway, axons of the mitral cells form the _________. The axons project to the _________.

olfactory tract; cerebral cortex and limbic system

Which of the following describes the correct sequence of events of an olfactory receptor reacting to an odorant

production of cAMP - opening of sodium ion channels - depolarization - generation of nerve impulse

There is a white outer covering of the eye known as the

sclera

Aqueous humor is a transparent watery fluid that nourishes the lens and cornea

true

Sound waves are converted to mechanical energy and transmitted to the inner ear.

true

The lacrimal apparatus assist in protecting cleaning, lubricating, and moistening the eyeball.

true

Vestibular input into the cerebellum provides us with conscious awareness of the position and movements of the head.

true

taste buds consist of supporting cells, gustatory receptor cells, and basal cells.

true

Olfactory receptors

use olfactory hairs to transduce chemical signals from odorants.

Which of the following nerves conducts impulses associated with the sense of gustation?

vagus, facial, glossopharyngeal

Which of the following form an inverted v-shaped row at the back of the tongue?

vallate papillae

Select the sequence of events for the olfactory pathway 1. a second messenger opens cation channels (Na+ and Ca+2) 2. depolarization of olfactory receptor cells occurs 3. odorant binds to olfactory receptor protein 4. G protein activates cyclic adenosine monophosphate

3,4,1,2

Which is the correct order of events of sound transmission through the ear?1. sound waves strike the eardrum2. the ear ossicles vibrate3. hair cells of the organ of Corti vibrate4. the perilymph in the cochlea moves5. sound waves enter the external auditory canal

5,1,2,4,3

Which of the following pathways is the correct olfactory pathway? (Some steps may be omitted.)

Olfactory hairs on olfactory receptors are stimulated by an odorant molecule; the impulse travels to olfactory nerves; it moves through olfactory bulbs to the primary olfactory area of cerebral cortex (orbitofrontal area of the frontal lobe).

Which statement accurately describes the changes in the membrane potential of a photoreceptor cell when light rays strike its photopigments?

The photoreceptor cell undergoes hyperpolarization.