A&P II Lecture Exam II

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues include all of the following EXCEPT ________.

islets of Langerhans

Identify the part of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "A."

SA node

Match the following term with its correct description: Faster depolarizing pacemaker cells.

SA node

The normal pacemaker of the heart is the __________.

SA node

Which term describes an area of the heart conduction system with the fastest depolarizing pacemaker cells?

SA node

Choose the correct sequence of current flow through the heart wall.

SA node, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

Choose the correct sequence of current flow through the intrinsic conduction system of the heart.

SA node, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches, subendocardial conducting network

The "pacemaker potential" of pacemaker cells is produced by the opening of ________ at the end of an action potential.

slow Na+ channels

Mechanisms that do NOT help regulate blood pressure include ________.

the dural sinus reflex

Identify the parts of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "C."

Subendocardial conducting network

Match the following term with its correct description: Conduction system cells that delay the impulse for about 0.1 second.

AV node

Which term describes an area of the heart conduction system where the impulse is delayed for 0.1 sec?

AV node

Match the following term with its correct description: Ventricular repolarization.

T wave

Match the following term with its correct description: Ventricular repolarization.

QRS complex

Match the given term with its correct description: Ventricular depolarization.

QRS complex

Which of the following processes provides a long-term response to changes in blood pressure?

Renal Regulation

The short-term controls of blood pressure, mediated by the nervous system and bloodborne chemicals, primarily operate via all but which of the following?

altering blood volume

What is a bubo?

an infected lymph node

The P wave of an electrocardiogram represents

atrial depolarization

The P wave of an electrocardiogram represents __________.

atrial depolarization

The ability of some cardiac muscle cells to initiate their own depolarization and cause depolarization of the rest of the heart is called __________.

automaticity

During the period of ventricular filling, ________.

blood flows passively through the atria and the open AV valves into the ventricles

Which of the following is the most significant source of blood flow resistance?

blood vessel diameter

The baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch are sensitive to which of the following?

changes in arterial pressure

Blood flow is ________ proportional to the difference in blood pressure. Blood flow is ________ proportional to the total peripheral resistance

directly; inversely

Arteriolar blood pressure increases in response to all but which of the following?

falling blood volume

The lymphatic capillaries are ________.

more permeable than blood capillaries

If the SA node is not functioning, an ECG will show ________.

no P waves with a HR between 40-60 bpm

From the right leg, lymph moves in which order?

right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein

The __________ nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the sinoatrial (SA) node.

vagus

Lymphatic ________ are formed from the union of the largest collecting lymphatic vessels.

Trunks

Identify the parts of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "C."

Purkinje fibers

Identify the part of the ECG indicated by "A."

Atrial depolarization

What is the expected heart rate when a heart is removed from a living body?

100 beats / minute

Identify the part of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "B."

AV node

Select the correct statement about cardiac output.

A slow heart rate increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction

Identify the part of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "D."

AV bundle (bundle of His)

Identify the parts of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "E."

Bundle branches

dentify the parts of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "E."

Bundle branches

Which of the following is likely during vigorous exercise?

Capillaries of the active muscles will be engorged with blood.

The thymus is most active during ________.

Childhood

Match the following term to its correct description: Systole.

Contraction

The Frank-Starling Law states that, if other factors are constant, a ________.

Higher end diastolic volume will produce a higher stroke volume

Atherosclerosis causes elastic arteries to become less stretchy. How does this affect pulse pressure?

Pulse Pressure is chronically increased

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Excess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase

Which of the following is NOT true regarding fenestrated capillaries?

Fenestrated capillaries form the blood-brain barrier.

Each of the following describes the action of aldosterone except one. Which of the following does NOT describe the activity of aldosterone hormone?

It will result in higher sodium levels in the urine

Which of the following factors gives the myocardium its high resistance to fatigue?

Large mitochondria in the cytoplasm

Select the correct statement about lymph transport.

Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

Match the following term with its correct description: Atrial depolarization.

P wave

Which of the following contain oxygenated blood?

Pulmonary Veins

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the precapillary sphincters?

They decrease the osmotic pressure in the thoroughfare channel.

Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) ________.

Tonsil

Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________ that trap bacteria and particulate matter

Tonsillar Crypts

Which structural layer of blood vessels is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure?

Tunica Media

Which of the following is a difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?

Unlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle has gap junctions between cells (that allow them to be autorhythmic).

Which of the following is a difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?

Unlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle have gap junctions between cells (that allow them to be autorhythmic).

The __________ nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the sinoatrial (SA) node.

Vagus

Identify the part of the ECG indicated by "B."

Ventricular depolarization

Identify the part of the ECG indicated by "C."

Ventricular repolarization

Reduction in the concentration of albumin in blood plasma would alter capillary exchange by ________.

decreasing colloid osmotic pressure and edema will occur. Less H2O will be attracted to Albumin causing H2O retention.

Flow of lymph through a lymph node is slowed due to ________.

fewer efferent vessels draining it compared to many afferent vessels feeding it

The cells of the myocardium behave as a single, coordinated unit called a __________.

functional syncytium

In general, it is expected that ________

hydrostatic pressure will drop as blood moves away from the arteriole end of the capillary bed

In general, it is expected that ________.

hydrostatic pressure will drop as blood moves away from the arteriole end of the capillary bed

Peripheral resistance ________.

increases as blood viscosity increases

The plateau phase of an action potential in cardiac muscle cells is due to the ________

influx of Ca2+ through slow Ca2+ channels

Which lymphoid organs and tissues are characterized by a cortex and medulla?

lymph nodes and thymus only

Isovolumetric contraction ________.

refers to the short period during ventricular systole when the ventricles are completely closed chambers

The role of the atrioventricular node (AV node) is to ____.

slow down impulses so that the atria can contract to fill the adjacent ventricles

The role of the atrioventricular node (AV node) is to __________.

slow down impulses so that the atria can contract to fill the adjacent ventricles with blood

The velocity of blood flow is ________.

slowest in the capillaries because the total cross-sectional area is the greatest

Peyer's patches are found in the distal portion of the ________.

small intestine

While auscultating heart sounds during a checkup, Andy's doctor hears a high-pitched sound during ventricular contraction. Which type of valve could cause this?

stenotic aortic semilunar valve

The absolute refractory period refers to the time during which __________.

the muscle cell is not in a position to respond to a stimulus of any strength

During exercise, which of the following would occur on an electrocardiogram (ECG) compared to an individual at rest?

the time from one R to the R of the next heartbeat would decrease