A&P The Endocrine System, Development and Inheritance,...

bronze skin color, hypoglycemia, and a reduced ability to cope with stress (burnout) are signs and symptoms of ____________.

Addison's disease

what gland releases catecholamines?

Adrenal medulla

In _________ diabetes, glucose levels remain higher than normal.

Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes

Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids, often caused caused by a tumor, results in ______________.

Cushing's syndrome

Stimulates development of follicles in female ovaries and sperm development in male testes

Follicle-stimulating hormone

The producer of hormones released by the posterior pituitary is indicated by ______.

Label B

The gland that is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism is indicated by ______.

Label D

The gland that produces thymosin is indicated by _______.

Label F

The glands that produce catecholamines are indicated by ______.

Label G

Which of these anterior pituitary hormones regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland?

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Which of these is a tropic hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

which of the following is a potent stimulator of aldosterone release?

angiotensin II

Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activates of the ____________.

anterior pituitary gland

which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water from forming urine and as a result increases blood volume?

anti-diuretic hormone

Alcohol inhibits the secretion of _____________.

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which one of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary?

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

a hormone produced by the heart, known as _____________, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure.

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body?

calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH)

The two hormones released by the thyroid gland are

calcitonin nad thyroid hormone

Six-year-old Timothy is small for his age, has dry skin , and scanty hair. He also shows signs of intellectual impairment. What disorder do you suspect? .

cretinism

Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did he NOT experience as a result of catecholamine release?

decreased blood pressure

Which of these is characteristic of an endocrine gland?

ductless

Which system produces chemical messengers known as hormones?

endocrine system

the "fight or flight" response triggers the release of ____________.

epinephrine

All hormones can arouse and bring about changes in all cells of the human body. (T/F)

false

The hormone that stimulates the follicle developed by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is ____________.

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Cortisone and cortisol are types of ________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland.

gluccorticoids

The most common stimulus for prodding endocrine glands into action is ________.

hormonal

hormones of the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to secrete its hormones. how would you classify this type of endocrine gland stimulation?

hormonal

Which hormone, produced by the placenta, stimulates the ovaries to continue producing estrogen and progesterone so that the of the uterine is not is not sloughed off in menses?

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid glands in response to low blood concentration ions. This mechanism operates by a _______________.

humoral stimulus

which two important hormones are produced by the islets cells (islets of Langerhans) of the pancreas?

insulin and glucagon

which of the following is NOT a sign of diabetes mellitus?

moon face

they hypothalamus make two hormones _____________ and ____________ that are stored by the posterior pituitary.

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Calcitonin is made by the ________ of the thyroid gland

parafollicular cell

Which hormones help maintain a relatively constant calcium concentration in the blood?

parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin

Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to ________.

pituitary dwarfism

Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to ____________.

pituitary dwarfism

what endocrine gland is most closely associated with the hypothalamus?

pituitary gland

Which two hormones play a role in promoting the milk reflex and in stimulating and maintaining breast milk production in a nursing mother's breasts?

prolactin (PRL) and oxytocin

raising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to ____________.

reabsorb sodium ions

how would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol such as a sex hormone?

steroid hormone

with of the following is NOT and effect of testosterone in males?

stimulation of the posterior pituitary

The target organ of thyrotropic hormone (TH), or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is the ______gland.

thyroid

what is the target organ of thyrotropic hormone (TH), or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

thyroid

Which of these hormones prods the thyroid gland to release thyroxine?

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

which hormone is alternatively known as vasopressin due to its effect on blood pressure by causing constriction of arterioles (Small anteries)?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Promotes reabsorption of only water by the kidneys

Antiduretic hormone

Lowers blood glucose levels

Insulin

The gland that produces melatonin is indicated by ______?

Label A

The gland that produces testosterone is indicated by ____.

Label J

Stimulates contraction of the uterus and milk ejection (the let-down reflex)

Oxytocin

Raises blood calcium levels

Parathyroid hormone

Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

In _______ diabetes, no insulin is produced.

Type 1

In _______ diabetes, target cells do not respond normally to insulin.

Type 2

Which of these endocrine glands is located just above a kidney?

adrenal gland

Alcohol suppresses the production of this hormone, ______, which normally promotes water retention and prevents dehydration.

antiduretic hormone (ADH)

Which specific cells of the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) release insulin in response to high blood glucose levels?

beta cells

Which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body?

calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH)

which of the following disorders results from the Hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

diabetes insipidus

Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla?

epinephrine

Antiduretic hormone promotes sodium and water retention. (T/F)

false

Growth hormone controls the rate at which glucose is oxidized and converted to body heat and chemical energy (ATP). (T/F)

false

The study of hormones and endocrine organs is known as immunology. (T/F)

false

cortisone and cortisol ar types of _____________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland.

glucocorticoids

Without iodine in the diet, which thyroid gland disorder may result?

goiter

Daniella has been diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following is probably NOT one of her signs or symptoms?

high blood pressure and edema

Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose levels?

insulin

when blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release __________.

insulin

which of the following hormones decreased blood glucose levels?

insulin

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as ________ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as ________.

insulin; glucagon

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as ___________, while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as __________.

insulin; glucagon

as the efficiency of the ovaries declines in middle age, a woman ability to bear children ends. What is this known as?

menopause

which of the following is a function of the mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone?

regulate salt content of the blood

The enzyme produced by the kidney when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called _________.

renin

The body's major metabolic hormone, which is actually two iodine-containing hormones is called __________________.

thyroid hormone

Antidiuretic hormone inhibits urine production and promotes water reabsorption by the kidney. (T/F)

true

Calcitonin is antagonistic to parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the regulation of blood calcium concentration. (T/F)

true

Hormones that are secreted in response to other hormones are prodded by hormonal stimuli. (T/F)

true

Mineraloccorticoids help regulate both water and electrolyte balance in body fluids. (T/F)

true

Most hormones are regulated by negative feedback mechanisms. (T/F)

true

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the most important regulator of blood calcium concentration. (T/F)

true

The adrenal cortex makes corticosteroids. (T/F)

true

The adrenal glands are similar to the pituitary gland in that they have both glandular and neural tissue. (T/F)

true

The hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary are made by the hypothalamus. (T/F)

true

The target tissue of prolactin is the female breast. (T/F)

true

Thyroid hormone is actually two iodine-containing hormones called T3 and T4. (T/F)

true

Thyroid hormone targets all cells of the body. (T/F)

true

Thyroxine is produced by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. (T/F)

true

Promotes normal cell metabolism and helps the body resist long-term

Glucocorticoids

Promotes the growth of skeletal muscles and long bones

Growth hormone