AAWP Exam 2

logo

a carefully designed piece of type, called a logotype, that is unique and easily identified

camera obscura

a darkened enclosure in which images of outside objects are projected through a small aperture or lens onto a facing surface

Daguerreotype

a photograph taken by an early photographic process employing an iodine-sensitized silvered plate and mercury vapor.

embroidery

a woven product in which the design is stitched into a premade fabric

Alternative media and processes

actions and ideas are MORE IMPORTANT than the physical work itself this produces events, ideas, and experiences that are artworks in themselves breaks down traditional boundaries between art and life

Printmaking and VCD

allows the same design to be reproduced and distributed to many people

Etching

an intaglio printmaking technique in which a metal plate is covered with an acid-resistant ground and worked with an etching needle to create an image.

engraving

based on careful scoring of the metal plate so clean gouges are created in the surface. Allows for fine detail, so print is more like artists original drawing

craft

ceramics, glass, metal, fiber and wood

ceramics

clay, a natural material dug from the earth techniques:coil, slab, throwing

Tempera binder

created by blending pigments with water and egg yolk, sometimes other materials like glue are included in the process

oil binder

created by mixing pigments with an oil medium

coil method

method of pottery building using long snake like pieces of clay. Then coiled on top of one another scoring and using slip in-between

performance art

occurs in a gallery, on a stage, or in public and is rarly repeated

Intaglio printmaking

opposite of relief print-making; artists cut lines into a plate made of wood or soft metal; centers on the element of line; processes include engraving and etching

Cyanotype

photographic process using light-sensitive iron salts that oxidize and produce a brilliant blue color where light penetrates and remain white where light is blocked; a variant of this process was used historically to copy architectural drawings

icon

simple symbolic graphic shapes

portraiture

substitute for more costly painted portraits

Graphic Design

the art of improving visual communication design

layout design

the art of organizing type, logo, and illustrations in traditional print media

Conceptual Art

the idea is more important than the product

Photojournalism

the use of photos to document events and people's lives (the news)

Typography

the visual form of printed letters, words, and text is called typography

fiber

threads made from animal or vegetable materials, spun into yarn or strings

glaze

to apply a liquid that forms a glossy coating

greenware

unfired clay

installation and environments

usually site-specific and is designed to fit the dimensions or environment of a particular location

Fresco binder

water based pigments and is applied to dry plaster

illustration

Images created to inform as well as to embellish the printed page

Editions

Prints are produced in limited numbers called editions

Visual Communication Design

The use of symbols to communicate information and ideas

still life

Artistic arrangement of objects that allows the artist to study formal relationships of light, shadow, and texture

Bisqueware

Clay that has been fired once

tempera traits

- dries faster than oil - paint cannot be applied in large brushstrokes - tens to emphasize the edges of things - there will never be soft edges between figures

fresco traits

- dries very quickly (6-8 hours) - since it dries quickly, the artist can not be as detailed as they would in a tempura or oil painting. - typically painted in a day

earthenware

- good plasticity (soft) - red color - harden at lower temperatures than other clays

Stoneware

- harder than earthenware - ideal for objects intended for everyday

relief printmaking

- made by carving away from a block of material - ink applied to raised surface - image is transferred to chosen material

oil traits

- slowest drying paint medium and can be worked and re-worked over days or months - can develop richer color with oil - very fluid so the artist can control the brushwork more and create softer forms - can create realistic details without visible brushwork - can create layers of paint

Serigraphy (silkscreen printing)

- uses a stencil process - Capable of producing strong colors - mass production

Lithography

- "stone writing" - planographic process- print is made from an entirely flat surface - Allows artists to draw a design in same way they do a drawing

Drypoint

- The cutting tool is pulled, leaving a rough edge (burr) - when plate is whipped, ink is caught under burr - a less precise line that has more irregularities

porcelain

- a combination of three different clays - durable - hard to manipulate - applications: china, dental crowns, flooring, manufacturing equipment