ABA- Self- Monitoring and Management

Why Self-Monitoring Works

- Evokes self-evaluative statements - "Guilt control" --Delayed negative consequence from not completing the behavior - Discriminative Stimuli--Visual stimuli may serve as an SD for other environmental reinforcers for that behavior

Reactivity

- effects on a person's behavior produced by an assessment

Self- Monitoring

-AKA self-recording or self-observation -Person observes and records his/her own behavior - results in reactivity

Self-reinforcement

-Complicated phenomenon if you consider the matching law -Rule-governed behavior Immediate vs. delayed reinforcer

Visual depiction

-Good to have in public location --Helps with "accountability" and reinforcement from others -Graphic depiction

Self-Monitoring Considerations

-How often to self-monitor -Reminders for self-monitoring -Location of self-monitoring form (electronic, paper)

Advantages:

-Promotes independence -Easily generalized across settings -Requires less time/energy long term from caregivers

Systematic Desensitization

-Providing self-instruction of alternative behaviors for undesired beahviors (usually fear or anxiety) -Start with easy (less aversive) situations and work your way up to more aversive situations

Disadvantages

-Requires several pre-requisite skills -Generally used with kids with more advanced verbal repertoire -Kid can "cheat the system" -Might be harder for a caregiver to remember to keep up with

Habit Reversal

-Self-monitor to identify undesirable behavior -Interrupt undesirable behavior -Engage in incompatible behavior -Reinforcement in the form of positive self-statements, reduced stigma from undesirable behavior, or approval from others

Self-Monitoring and Automatically Maintained Behaviors

-Some automatically maintained behaviors may be under control of physiological establishing operations and reinforcers -Self-monitoring and self-reinforcing of other social reinforcers can be effective -Self-reinforcing through confident statements can reinforce alternative behaviors

Component analysis

-Start with self-monitoring -Add in goal-setting -Add in reinforcement

Self-Management Program Steps

1.) goal and define behavior 2.) determine schedule for monitoring behavior 3.) Identify best reinforcement 4.) Start collecting the data through self-monitoring 5.) Identify natural contingencies for behavior 6.) Determine visual display 7.) Use others to ensure accountability 8.) Continually evaluate and redesign

Goal Setting

Self-monitoring is often accompanied with goal setting -Should be based on baseline data -Ensure it is achievable but results in an improvement

Uses of Self-Monitoring

Used for a wide array of behaviors -In-seat -On-task -Homework completion -Teacher behavior (e.g., increasing praise and decreasing reprimands) -Exercise -Weight loss