Abeka 4th Grade Science Test 7
Be able to explain why we find fossils in sedimentary rock
1. Earth was covered with water during the flood 2. The water was filled with matter 3. The matter settled in layers and quickly buried plants and animals 4. The buried plants and animals became fossils, and the sediment hardened into sedimentary rock
Fault
A break in the earth's crust
Loam
A mixture of gravel, sand, silt, clay, and organic matter
Volcano
A vent or fissure in the Earth's surface through which magma and gases are expelled
Fossil Fuels
Cannot be reused as energy
Soil horizons in order
Humus, Topsoil, Subsoil, Bedrock
Erosion
Loss of soil by wind or water
Natural Resources
Materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain
Transitional Form
Never been found in the fossil record
Hydropower, Solar Power, Wind Power
Renewable Energy Sources
Geology
Study of the earth
Mantle
The layer of earth below the earth's crust
Sun
The main source of light and heat energy for the earth
Focus
The point where all of an earthquake's energy comes from.
Earthquake
The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface.
Scratch Test
The test geologists use to test the hardness of a rock
Luster
The way a mineral reflects light
Fossils can only be formed if?
They are buried at the same time as the rock is forming
Minor Earthquake
Tremor
Diamond
a gem
Sedimentary Rock
a rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment
Two kinds of crust on the earth
continental and oceanic
Pumice, Obsidian, and Granite
examples of igneous rock
Mountains, Plateaus, valleys, and canyons
examples of landforms
Marble and Slate
examples of metamorphic rock
Sandstone, Limestone, Shale
examples of sedimentary rocks
Coal, Oil Natural Gas
fossil fuels
Two main ingredients of soil
humus and minerals
Temperature of the earth
increases with depth
Crustal Plates
large pieces of the solid part of the earth
Pumice has _______ density than granite.
less
Sediment
matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid
Coal, Natural Gas, Oil
non-renewable resources
Igneous Rock
rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies
Metamorphic Rock
rock that has been changed by heat and pressure
Crust, Mantle, Core
three layers of the earth
Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions
two geological events that are caused by plate activity
Polar ice caps and Glaciers
where most of the earth's fresh water is found
