Abeka Chemistry Test 11

What is the oxidation state of nitrogen in Zn(NO3)2?

+5

What is the oxidation state of chromium in Cr2O7 2- ?

+6

The oxidation state of any element inits uncombined state is ?

0

What is the tendency of a substance to forma stronger or weaker charge when placed in an electrolyte ?

standard electrode potential

What force binds protons and neutrons to each other in an atoms nucleus?

strong nuclear force

why do spontaneous redox reaction occur in the direction that produces weaker oxidizing and reducing agents?

strong oxidizing and reduction agents tend to be highly reactive

why is it essential that a voltaic cell have separated half-cells if the cell is to produce useful energy?

to direct current through a wire

what is the most important factor affecting the penetrating ability of radiation?

electric charge

What is the general term for passing an electric current through an electrolyte to cause a non spontaneous redox reaction?

electrolysis

a negative cell voltage is a characteristic of a ____ cell

electrolytic

Electrochemical cells can be used to form a coating of metal on an object using a process called?

electroplating

what is the process of increasing the fraction of a particular isotope so that a sample is usable as nuclear fuel?

enrichment

a nuclear reaction in which one nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei and releases a large amount of energy is a ____ reaction?

fission

process zinc undergoes in the reaction 2 Zn(s) + Cl2(g) ----> 2 ZnCl2 (aq)

oxidation

What type of reaction is represented by the following reaction? 2/1H + 2/1H ------> 3/2He + 1/0n

fusion

which of the following is the biggest instance in designing a nuclear fusion power plant?

fusion reactions must be confined to prevent energy ;pss

Which type of radioactivity does not consist of particles?

gamma

electromagnetic waves of very high frequency and energy

gamma

What is the SI unit of absorbed dose, expressing the energy that has been received from radiation?

gray

What is a chain of radioactive nuclides that decay into other nuclides, ultimately ending in a stable nuclide?

radioactive decay series

involves substance accepting electrons

reduction

process nitrogen undergoes in the reaction 3 H2(g) + N2 (g) ----> 2 NH 3 (g)

reduction

process oxygen undergoes in the reaction Ch4 (g) + 2 O2(g) ----> CO2 + 2 H2 )(g)

reduction

what is the SI unit of biological dose equivalent, accounting for how the different types of radiation affect living things?

sievert

People undergoing radiation treatment for cancer frequently experience hair loss. What is the best explanation of this phenomenon

hair cells are rapidly dividing, making them susceptible to radiation damage

What term refers to the time required for half of an original substance to decay into a new substance?

half-life

a nucleus that is bound together tightly has a ___ binding energy per nucleon

high

when two metals are involved in a redox reaction, the metal ____ on the activity series will be oxidized?

higher

what happens to the mass that is lost when the particles of a nucleus are assembled?

it is released as nuclear binding energy

In an electrolytic cell, the cathode is ____ charged

negatively

a specific type of atom described by its atomic number and mass number is an?

nuclide

which scientist discovered radioactivity?

Henri Becquerel

occurs at the anode

oxidation

the combination of mass and density required for a fission reaction to occur is the ___ mass?

critical

What is the missing particle in the following nuclear reaction? 205/84Po -----> _____ + 201/82Pb

4/2 He

What is the reducing agent in the following reaction? 2Al(s) + 3 FeCl2 (aq) ----> 3 Fe (s) + 2 AlCl3 (aq)

Al(s)

231/91 Pa ----> 227/89 Ac + 4/2He

alpha

decreases the atomic number of the present atom by 2

alpha

least penetrating type of nuclear radiation

alpha

27/12 Mg -----> 0/-1e + 27/13 Al

beta

What type of nuclear reaction is induced by pelting a sample with other particles?

bombardment

a nuclear reactor that produces fuel faster than it consumes is is a ___ reactor?

breeder

In a nuclear plant, what is the name of the dome designed to prevent the release of radioactive material into the environment should a serious accident occur?

containment vessel