abnormal psych chapter 8

Individuals born after what year are at a greater risk of developing bulimia nervosa?

1960

When subthreshold forms of bulimia nervosa are included, prevalence estimates of the disorder range from __________% to __________% of the female population in westernized countries.

5; 6

which of these is not a form of childhood feeding disoder?

OSFED

Which psychiatric disorder has the highest mortality rate?

depression and anxiety

A treatment that focuses on emotional dysregulation and sees problem eating behaviors as attempts to manage unpleasant emotional states is __________.

dialectical behavior therapy

epidemiological data on eating disorders

do not provide us with a clear picture of the racial and ethnic distribution of the disorders

Jenna is a young adolescent and has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Most likely, her recovery and treatment will address issues related to independence, trust, and __________.

establishing romantic relationships

In bulimia nervosa, binges are usually terminated because the person runs out of food, is interrupted by someone, or __________.

experiences a strong urge to purge

Adolescence and young adulthood are typical periods of risk for eating disorders in that individuals who are perfectionistic, prone to worry, and stressed by change may __________.

find development milestones to be triggers for the disorder

Select the cognitive-behavioral treatment element below that is most effective in promoting behavioral change among persons with eating disorders.

altering thinking patterns

Three consecutive months of ___________ has been removed from the official diagnosis of anorexia nervosa in the DSM-5 because it was determined that no meaningful differences occurred between individuals with anorexia nervosa who do and do not menstruate.

amenorrhea

select the statement below that is TRUE of amenorrhea and the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa in the DSM-5?

amenorrhea need not be present for anorexia nervosa to be diagnosed

among young women in today's culture, anorexia nervosa is generally interpreted as

an attempt to achieve an ideal state of thinness

the example cited in the text of saints starving themselves out of devotion is

an example of the impact of context on symptom expression in an illness

Unlike anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa is __________.

an invisible eating disorder

__________ disorders often precede the development of anorexia nervosa and consequently may place a person at particular risk for the expression of the disorder

anxiety

An inappropriate compensatory behavior may be defined as __________.

any action taken to counteract a binge or avoid weight gain

In bulimia nervosa, erosion of dental enamel and callouses on the backs of the hands __________.

are among some of the ways the disorder is hard on the body

For bulimia nervosa to be diagnosed, binge eating must have occurred __________.

at least weekly for a period of three months or more

Medications for anorexia nervosa __________.

have not been shown to be effective

Overeating behavior without regular inappropriate compensatory behaviors are characteristic of which of the following?

binge eating disorder

Willie enjoys eating in the university cafeteria because it features an all-you-can-eat buffet. He prefers to wait until most people have dined before entering the facility because he feels awkward about the amount he consumes. Willie usually eats until he feels uncomfortable, although he does not purge. He is most likely to have which of the following disorders?

binge eating disorder

Which of the following is TRUE of both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

both disorders involve a purging subtype

Body mass index (BMI) is a way of expressing

both height and weight in one measure

Elton John and Diana, Princess of Wales, whose cases are presented in the text, both suffered from __________

bulimia nervosa

James overeats regular meals several times a day and then vomits his meals. He likely has which of the following?

bulimia nervosa

The only FDA-approved drug for an eating disorder is fluoxetine, and it is prescribed for __________.

bulimia nervosa

Animal studies have revealed that one part of the brain influential in appetite and weight control is the __________.

hypothalamus

The heritability of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa indicates that there appears to be __________.

a genetic component to both disorders

Compared with anorexia nervosa patients, persons diagnosed with bulimia nervosa have __________.

a lower risk of mortality

anorexia nervosa is most common in which of the following?

adolescent girls

Issues of __________ are common in a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa

comorbidity

Unlike overeating too much of a favorite food, people with bulimia nervosa __________.

consume a large amount of food in a short period of time and use compensatory behaviors

Indian women consuming soil after pregnancy is which of the following?

cultural pica

As compared to individuals with anorexia nervosa, individuals with bulimia nervosa are more __________.

impulsive

the attitude most difficult to overcome in patients with anorexia nervosa

inability to recognize the seriousness of the low weight

Key symptoms of bulimia nervosa include recurrent episodes of binge eating, a feeling of being "out of control" during binge eating episodes, and __________

inappropriate strategies for weight control

For binge eating disorder, epidemiological data indicate __________.

increased risk for the disorder among members of the lower socioeconomic classes

even at a very low body weight, a person with anorexia nervosa may experience

intense fear of gaining weight

The use of laxatives in bulimia nervosa may lead to edema, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and __________.

irreversible bowel dysfunction

Which of the following most accurately describes the use of laxatives as a compensatory strategy in bulimia nervosa?

it is an ineffective strategy for avoiding weight gain

Select the statement below that is TRUE of bulimia nervosa

it is more "modern" phenomenon than anorexia nervosa

select the statement that is FALSE regarding anorexia nervosa

it is rarely associated with mortality

Which of the following is TRUE of the course of anorexia nervosa as a disorder?

it may often include periods of relapse and remission

Select the statement below that is FALSE regarding binge eating disorder.

it was accepted as formal psychiatric diagnosis in the 1990s

Most people with bulimia nervosa do what with their diagnosis?

keep it a secret

Differences in the __________ areas of the brain have been implicated in individuals with eating disorders.

limbic

What structural brain abnormalities have researchers discovered in patients with anorexia nervosa when they are ill?

loss of gray matter and reduced brain mass

an associated medical feature of anorexia nervosa that might explain the tendency to layer clothing even in mild temperatures is

lowered body temperatures

Early __________ may increase the risk for bulimia nervosa

menarche

Sexual abuse histories among patients with bulimia nervosa are __________.

more common than typically seen in the family histories of anorexic patients

The rates at which binge eating disorder occurs in the general population make it the __________ of all eating disorders in DSM-5.

most frequently occurring

the physical effects of anorexia nervosa after recovery may include

osteoporosis

Salvador Minuchin, who investigated patterns of family dysfunction among patients with eating disorders, identified "enmeshment" as __________.

overinvolvement of all family members in the affairs of one member

A common personality trait in both anorexia and bulimia nervosa is __________.

perfectionism

In persons with anorexia nervosa, abnormalities in serotonin levels may contribute to the expression of __________.

perfectionism

The most important personality trait found in cases of anorexia nervosa is __________.

perfectionism

Roger loves to eat rocks. He may be diagnosed with which of the following

pica

Diana forces herself to consume laxatives after eating most meals. She is demonstrating which of the following anorexia nervosa subtypes?

purging

Karen Carpenter, a pop icon of the 1970s whose case is presented in the text, died from complications of anorexia nervosa. Which subtype of the disorder was evident in her story?

purging

Alejandra has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Her dinner last night consisted of 3 celery sticks, a spoonful of hummus, half of a slice of pita bread, and a cup of tea. Feeling full and bloated after eating, Alejandra decided to work out on the treadmill for 40 minutes. Which of the following anorexia nervosa subtypes accurately describes her condition?

restricting

the two types of anorexia nervosa are

restricting and binge eating/purging

Yolanda has been diagnosed as having an eating disorder involving "chewing and spitting." Given this information, what is the most likely formal diagnosis for her?

rumination disorder

Obese women with BED score lower than those without BED on which of the following?

self directness

which of the following criteria is necessary for a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?

significantly low body weight

Marina complains of feeling out-of-control after eating a slice of toast. In an eating disorders paradigm, this behavior would be termed a(n) __________.

subjective binge

Anorexia nervosa may be a lethal disorder resulting in death from the effects of starvation or from __________

suicide

Inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa may be required for some persons. Consideration is given to medical complications, failure to improve with outpatient treatment, and __________.

suicide attempts or plans

There is controversy in the research concerning the incidence of anorexia nervosa in our country; some studies report stable rates, while others report an increase. This discrepancy may be explained by the way in which studies were conducted or __________.

the fact that many people never seek treatment

Use of which of the following can be helpful in treating anorexia nervosa?

use of a multidisciplinary team

Certain segments of the population have higher rates of anorexia nervosa than others. Which of the following segments would potentially have the highest rates of the disorder?

workers in service industries

With respect to the treatment of bulimia nervosa, which of the following has been shown to have some success?

DBT

Compared to those diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, patients with bulimia nervosa are more likely to engage in __________.

alcohol and drug abuse