Acellus Biology Unit 3
During replication, each new DNA molecule that is created will have how many strands?
2
Which pair is correctly matched according to the rules of base pairing?
A = T
Which of these sequences signals mRNA to start translation?
AUG
Where are the instructions that control a cell's activities found?
DNA
Which of these BEST describes why DNA never leaves the nucleus?
DNA is a very large molecule plus it is a really important molecule for life that needs protection
This statement is true
DNA must unwind before it replicates
Chargaff discovered a rule that he shared with Watson and Crick, which helped Watson and Crick discover the shape of DNA. What did Chargaff discover?
He found that A-T and C-G were paired with each other
Which stage of transcription involves a RNA polymerase binding to a promoter sequence on the DNA strand to start transcription?
Initation
What happens as RNA is finalized?
Introns are taken OUT of the final RNA strand
What is the purpose of the replication bubble?
It forms where replication is taking place
What did Avery, Griffith, and Hershey-Chase experiments determine?
Organisms contain information that could be passes onto another organism.
What happens to the DNA strand after transcription?
The two sides of the DNA strand come back together.
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins studied X-ray crystallography. What did they find using this technology?
They helped figure out the shape of DNA by taking x-ray images of DNA.
What nitrogenous base is found in RNA that is not found in DNA?
Uracil
What signals the ribosome to start translation?
a start codon sequence
What do genes regulate?
all processes of the body
Why do multiple sequences code for the same amino acid?
because it lowers the chance of negative consequences if there is a mistake in coding
To finalize a strand of mRNA, what is added to both sides of the strand?
cap and tail
What is a gene?
factors that are passed from parents to offspring
What can mRNA do that DNA cannot?
leave the nucleus
What part of the DNA molecule makes up the "rungs" of the DNA ladder?
nitrogenous bases
Which of these is a function of the cap and tail on RNA?
protecting the RNA strand as it leaves the nucleus
What does a long chain of amino acids create?
protein
What type of RNA makes up part of the ribosome?
rRNA
What does RNA stand for?
ribonucleic acid
Where does the protein building of translation take place?
ribosome
How does the translation process know where to start and stop?
start and stop codons
What does tRNA stand for?
transfer RNA
What is a bacteriophage?
virus that infects bacteria
