Acid Base Quiz
which priority nursing intervention would the nurse implement for a client on diuretic therapy who has developed metabolic alkalosis? 1. fall prevention measures 2. monitoring electrolytes 3. administering antiemetics 4. adjusting the diuretic therapy
1
a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a blood pH of 7.25 and PCO2 of 60. these blood gas results require nursing attention because they indicate which condition? 1. metabolic acidosis 2. metabolic alkalosis 3. respiratory acidosis 4. respiratory alkalosis
3
the nurse is caring for a child with severe dehydration and it's associated acid-base imbalance. which compensatory mechanism within the body is activated to counteract the effects of the child's acid-base imbalance? 1. profuse diaphoresis 2. increased temperature 3. increased respiratory rate 4. renal retention of hydrogen ions
3
the nurse is caring for a client after abdominal surgery and encourages the client to 3engage in deep-breathing exercises and turn from side to side. which complication is the nurse trying to prevent? 1. metabolic acidosis 2. metabolic alkalosis 3. respiratory acidosis 4. respiratory alkalosis
3
the arrival blood gas for a 3 month old infant with diarrhea showed that the pH is 7.3, PCO2 is 35, and HCO3 is 17. which complication would the nurse conclude has developed? 1. metabolic acidosis 2. metabolic alkalosis 3. respiratory acidosis 4. respiratory alkalosis
1
which arterial blood gas results are associated with diabetic ketoacidosis? 1. pH: 7.28; PCO2: 28; HCo3: 18 2. pH: 7.3; PCO2: 54; HCO3: 28 3. pH: 7.5; PCO2: 49; HCO3: 32 4. pH: 7.52; PCO2: 26; HCO3: 20
1
the nurse is caring for a client with the flooring arterial blood gas (ABG) values: PO2 89, PCO 35, and a pH of 7.37 . these findings indicate that the client is experiencing which condition? 1. respiratory alkalosis 2. poor oxygen perfusion 3. normal acid-base balance 4. compensated metabolic acidosis
3
which blood gas result would the nurse expect an adolescent with diabetic ketoacidosis to exhibit? 1. pH 7.3, CO2 40, HCO3 20 2. pH 7.35, CO2 47, HCO3 24 3. pH 7.46, CO2 30, HCO3 24 4. pH 7.5, CO2 50, HCO3 22
1
a high school student arrives at the local blood drive center to donate blood for the first time and as the site is being prepared for needle insertion, the student becomes agitated and starts to hyperventilate. which instruction would the nurse provide the student? 1. breathe into cupped hands 2. pant using rapid, shallow breaths 3. use a rapid deep-breathing pattern 4. hold the breath for as long as possible
1
an arterial blood gas report indicates the client's pH is 7.25, PCO2 is 35, and HCO is 20. Which disturbance would the nurse identify based on these results? 1. metabolic acidosis 2. metabolic alkalosis 3. respiratory acidosis 4. respiratory alkalosis
1
which statement explains why metabolic acidosis develops with kidney failure? 1. inability of the renal tubules to secrete hydrogen ions and conserve bicarbonate 2. depressed respiratory rate due to metabolic wastes, causing carbon dioxide retention 3. inability of the renal tubules to reabsorb water to dilute the acid contents of blood 4. impaired glomerular filtration, causing retention of sodium and metabolic waste products
1
which early sign of respiratory acidosis would the nurse expect the client with a restrictive airway disease to exhibit? (select all that apply) 1. headache 2. irritability 3. restlessness 4. hypertension 5. lightheadedness
1, 2, 3
when the nurse is reviewing a client's arterial blood gas results, which finding would the nurse identify as being consistent with respiratory alkalosis? 1. a decreased pH, elevated PCO2 2. an elevated pH, decreased PCO2 3. a decreased pH, decreased PCO2 4. and elevated pH, elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2)
2
which assessment finding in a laboring client indicates respiratory alkalosis? 1. a change in the respiratory rate 2. a tingling sensation in the hands 3. a pulse oximetry readings of less than 98%
2
a client present sixth gastric pain, vomiting, dehydration, weakness, lethargy, and shallow respirations. laboratory results indicate metabolic alkalosis. a diagnosis of gastric ulcer is made. which is the primary nursing concern? 1. chronic pain 2. risk for injury 3. electrolyte imbalance 4. inadequate gas exchange
3
a client with COPD has a blood pH of 7.25 and a partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) of 60 mm Hg. which complication would would the nurse suspect the client is experiencing? 1. metabolic acidosis 2. metabolic alkalosis 3. respiratory acidosis 4. respiratory alkalosis
3
surgery is performed on a client with a parotid tumor. postoperative arterial blood has values are pH 7.32, PCO2 53, and HCO3 is 25. which action would the nurse take? 1. administer a potent diuretic 2. obtain a prescription for an alkalinizing agent 3. have the client breathe into a rebreather bag at a slow rate 4. encourage the client to cough and then take deep breaths between coughs
4
which arterial blood gas report is indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis? 1. PCO2: 49; HCO3: 32; pH: 7.5 2. PCO2: 26; HCO3: 20; pH: 7.52 3. PCO2: 54; HCO3: 28; pH: 7.3 4. PCO2: 28; HCO3: 18; pH: 7.28
4
which change in the arterial blood gases would the nurse expect in a client with hyperventilation due to anxiety? 1. respiratory acidosis 2. respiratory alkalosis 3. respiratory compensation 4. respiratory decompensation
2
which complication would the nurse monitor for when caring for an infant with intractable vomiting? 1. acidosis 2. alkalosis 3. hyeprkalemia 4. hypernatremia
2
which effect of sodium bicarbonate is the nurse trying to prevent when teaching a client about the dangers of using sodium bicarbonate regularly? 1. gastric distention 2. metabolic alkalosis 3. chronic constipation 4. cardiac dysrhtymias
2
a client arrives in the emergency department with epigastric pain and prolonged vomiting. assessment findings include rapid and shallow respirations, dry and flushed skin, weakness, and lethargy. which is the primary nursing concern? 1. acute pain 2. risk for injury 3. metabolic alkalosis 4. ineffective breathing
3
a client is hospitalized after 4 days of epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. the nurse reviews the laboratory test results: plasma pH 7.51, pCO2 50, bicarbonate 58, chloride 55, sodium 132, and potassium 3.8. which condition doe sth ensure determine the results indicate? 1. hypernatremia 2. hypercholemia 3. metabolic alkalosis 4. respiratory acidosis
3
which blood gas report mist like reflects the acid-base balance of an infant with severe dehydration? 1. pH of 7.5 and PCO2 of 34 2. pH of 7.23 and PCO2 of 70 3. pH of 7.2 and HCO3 of 20 4. pH of 7.56 and HCO3 of 30
3
which diagnosis is suspected by the nurse when the laboratory data for a client with prolonged vomiting reveal arterial blood gases of pH 7.51, PCO2 of 45, HCO3 of 58, and a serum potassium level of 3.8? 1. hypocapnia 2. hyperkalemia 3. metabolic alkalosis 4. respiratory acidosis
3
which diagnosis would a nurse suspect in a client who has an arterial blood gas report of pH 7.25, PCO 2 35, and HCO3 20? 1. panic attack 2. persistent vomiting 3. diabetic ketoacidosis 4. advanced emphysema
3
which type of acid-base imbalance would the nurse expect in a child admitted with a severe asthma exacerbation? 1. metabolic alkalosis caused by excessive production of acid metabolites 2. respiratory alkalosis caused by accelerated respirations and loss of carbon dioxide 3. respiratory acidosis caused by impaired respirations and increased formation of carbonic acid 4. metabolic acidosis caused by the kidney's inability to compensate for increased carbonic acid formation
3
