Acid/Base

Which diagnostic test result will the nurse review after noticing large U waves on the electrocardiogram (ECG) for a client who was just admitted to the cardiac unit?

Serum Potassium

Which rationale explain why intravenous (IV) potassium is prescribed in addition to regular insulin for clients in diabetic ketosis?

Serum potassium levels will decrease as potassium ions shift from the extracellular fluid to the intracellular fluid compartment

A client is experiencing persistent vomiting, and serum electrolytes have been prescribed. The nurse would monitor which laboratory results?

Sodium and Chloride levels

Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further learning about assessing for respiratory system manifestations of alkalosis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

"I should assess for a decreased depth of ventilation in respiratory alkalosis. "I should assess for a decreased rate of ventilation in respiratory alkalosis."

The nurse is caring for a client who is vomiting. When caring for this client, the nurse recalls that the vomiting reflex follows a set pattern. List the steps in the order that they occur.

1.Closure of the trachea to prevent aspiration 2.Relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter 3.Contraction of abdominal muscles 4.Initiation of reverse peristalsis in the stomach

Which descriptors for maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) would the nurse identify as accurate? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Autosomal dominant, characterized by young age of onset

The assessment of a newly admitted client reveals malnourishment, nausea, distension, and a firm abdomen with ascites. The client has tachycardia and is hypotensive. Which physiological change occurred that resulted in the client's development of ascites?

A decrease in plasma protein to maintain adequate capillary-tissue circulation

After cataract surgery, a client reports feeling nauseated. How can the nurse prevent vomiting?

Administer the prescribed antiemetic medication

When a client is newly diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which action by the nurse has the highest priority?

Ask whether the client is interested in quitting smoking

When a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reports a 5-lb (2.3-kg) weight gain in 1 week, the nurse will assess for other signs and symptoms of which complication?

Cor pulmonale

After a gastrectomy, a client has a nasogastric tube set to low continuous suction. The client begins to hyperventilate. How would the nurse anticipate that this breathing pattern will alter the client's arterial blood gases?

Decrease the pco2 level

A client with end-stage renal failure begins hemodialysis for the first time. Which prescribed hemodialysis protocol would the nurse implement when the client reports nausea and a headache, and then appears to become confused?

Decrease the rate of the hemodialysis exchange

Which arterial blood gas (ABG) value would indicate diabetic ketoacidosis?

Decreased hco3

The nurse is assessing a client with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Dry Skin, Kussmual Respirations, Abdominal Pain

Which nutrient causes elevated ketones in diabetic acidosis by incomplete oxidation?

Fats

A critically ill 5-year-old child exhibits Kussmaul respirations. Which would the nurse suspect may be causing an increasing acid-base imbalance?

Metabolic acidosis caused by a concentration of cations in body fluids

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a blood pH of 7.25 and Pco2 of 60 mm Hg. These blood gas results require nursing attention because they indicate which condition?

Respiratory acidosis

A client has a fractured mandible that is immobilized with wires. For which life-threatening postoperative problem would the nurse monitor the client?

Vomiting

Which blood gas result would the nurse expect an adolescent with diabetic ketoacidosis to exhibit?

pH 7.30, CO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3- 20 mEq/L (20 mmol/L)