Activity Questions: Chapters 5, 6, 7, 8, 10

What is the crucial difference between brains/memory and computers that is demonstrated by the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) effect? a. Computers retrieve files just as they were stored, but human memory is constructive. b. Sometimes our brains lose memories, but computer hard drives do not lose files. c. Computers can store a great deal more information than human brains can. d. Our brains are a lot slower at retrieving memories than computers are at retrieving files.

a. Computers retrieve files just as they were stored, but human memory is constructive.

What does the "generation effect" suggest regarding helpful study tips? a. Trying to answer practice quiz questions is an effective way to learn the material. b. Passively reading the material over and over again is an effective way to learn the material. c. "Cramming" is an effective way to learn the material. d. Reading the answers to practice quiz questions is an effective way to learn the material.

a. Trying to answer practice quiz questions is an effective way to learn the material.

Why were people faster to answer questions about the rabbit when it was imagined standing next to a normally sized fly, relative to when it was standing next to a normally sized elephant. a. because the rabbit took up more of their mental image than the fly b. because the rabbit took up less of their mental image than the fly c. because people know more about rabbits than flies d. because people know more about flies than rabbits

a. because the rabbit took up more of their mental image than the fly

What distinguishes implicit memory from explicit memory? a. Implicit memory involves remembering facts, but explicit memory involves conditioning. b. Explicit memory is accessible to conscious awareness, but implicit memory is not. c. Explicit memory involves skill learning, but implicit memory does not. d. Implicit memory is accessible to conscious awareness, but explicit memory is not.

b. Explicit memory is accessible to conscious awareness, but implicit memory is not.

Why did Kosslyn ask people to imagine a rabbit standing next to animals of abnormal size (e.g., an elephant the size of a fly)? a. to ensure that people could create bizarre mental images b. to make sure that his results were due to the size of the mental image, not the participants' knowledge of the animals themselves c. to make sure people were "mentally scanning" d. to make sure the rabbit was mentally "zoomed in" upon

b. to make sure that his results were due to the size of the mental image, not the participants' knowledge of the animals themselves

What has the study of hippocampal brain damage taught us about implicit memory? a. Even without the brain areas necessary for implicit memory, explicit memories can be created. b. Even without conscious awareness, implicit memories can be created. c. Even without the brain areas necessary for explicit memory, implicit memories can be created. d. Even without conscious awareness, explicit memories can be created

c. Even without the brain areas necessary for explicit memory, implicit memories can be created.

What does the Luck and Vogel (1997) "change detection" experiment suggest about the capacity of short-term memory (STM)? a. Our STM capacity is infinite. b. Our STM capacity is very large; we can store around 12 items. c. Our STM capacity is quite small; we can store only about 4 items. d. Our STM capacity is extremely small; we can store fewer than 4 items.

c. Our STM capacity is quite small; we can store only about 4 items.

Why might someone taking part in this mini-experiment have false-alarmed to the word spider? That is, why might they have reported recognizing that word as "old" when in fact it was "new?" a. because sometimes people forget things they are supposed to remember b. because people's brains are like a computer's hard drive c. because all the words on list were associated with spiders d. because people's long-term memory capacity is quite small

c. because all the words on list were associated with spiders

What is the "generation effect" characterized by? a. faster recall of words in the "generate" condition, relative to the "read" condition b. faster recall of words in the "read" condition, relative to the "generate" condition c. more accurate recall of words in the "generate" condition, relative to the "read" condition d. more accurate recall of words in the "read" condition, relative to the "generate" condition

c. more accurate recall of words in the "generate" condition, relative to the "read" condition

How was this "change detection" task used to infer the capacity of short-term memory? a. by looking at whether people could remember the color of the squares b. by looking at whether people could remember the location of the squares c. by examining whether people could do the task perfectly d. by examining how many squares were needed before people started making mistakes

d. by examining how many squares were needed before people started making mistakes