Adult care HESI prep questions- Culture

The nurse develops a plan of care for a Native-American client. The nurse identifies which practices and preferences as characteristic of this ethnic group? Select all that apply. 1.Use of religion 2.Avoiding eye contact 3.Use of spiritual practices 4.Use of healing practices 5. Touching the body of a dead family member

1.Use of religion 2.Avoiding eye contact 3.Use of spiritual practices 4.Use of healing practices

The nurse is planning to instruct a Hispanic-American client about nutrition and dietary restrictions. What factors should the nurse keep in mind when developing this client's plan of care? Select all that apply. 1. They primarily eat raw fish. 2.They enjoy eating red meat. 3. They view food as a primary form of socialization. 4. Any occasion is seen as a time to celebrate with food. 5. They cook with food that lacks color, flavor, and texture.

3. They view food as a primary form of socialization. 4. Any occasion is seen as a time to celebrate with food.

The nurse consults with a nutritionist regarding the dietary preferences of an Asian-American client. Which food should be included in the dietary plan? a) Rice b) Chili c) Red meat d) Fried foods

a) Rice Rationale: Asian-Americans' food preferences may include raw fish, rice, and soy sauce. Hispanic Americans may prefer beans, fried foods, spicy foods, chili, and carbonated beverages. European Americans may prefer carbohydrates and red meat. African-Americans' food preferences may include pork, greens, rice, and fried foods.

The nurse is caring for a Chinese client who is in labor. The client is exhibiting facial grimacing and appears to be in pain. When the nurse offers the client an analgesic, the client refuses. The nurse should take which initial action? a) Administer an analgesic. b) Offer an analgesic again. c) Check the client's vital signs. d) Document the client's refusal.

b) Offer an analgesic again. Rationale: Chinese women may not exhibit reactions to pain, although it is acceptable to exhibit pain during childbirth. In the Chinese culture, it is considered impolite to accept something when it is first offered; therefore pain interventions may need to be offered more than once.

The nurse is conducting an admission assessment on an African-American client scheduled for a hernia repair. Which assessment data are of least priority during the initial assessment? a) Respiratory assessment data b) Psychosocial assessment data c) Neurological assessment data d) Cardiovascular assessment data

b) Psychosocial assessment data Rationale: The psychosocial assessment is the least priority during the initial admission assessment. In the African-American culture it is considered intrusive to ask personal questions on the initial contact or meeting. Additionally, cardiovascular, neurological, and respiratory assessments include physiological assessments, which would be the priority assessments.

The nurse is preparing to provide preoperative teaching to a Spanish-speaking client and the client's family. Which nursing action would be most effective for teaching the client? a) The nurse asks one of the client's English-speaking relatives to interpret. b) The nurse secures the assistance of a professional interpreter to communicate with the client. c) The nurse obtains a Spanish language dictionary for help in conducting the teaching session. d) The nurse obtains a preoperative teaching Spanish-language brochure and gives it to the client.

b) The nurse secures the assistance of a professional interpreter to communicate with the client.

The nurse is caring for an Eastern Orthodox client. During Lent, the nurse should offer the client which dietary choice? a) Beef stew b) Tossed green salad c) Chicken noodle soup d) Steak with baked potato

b) Tossed green salad Rationale: During Lent all animal products, including dairy products, are forbidden in the Eastern Orthodox religion.

The nurse is planning the menu for an Asian-American client in collaboration with the hospital dietitian. The meal plan is designed to incorporate which food as a usual component of an Asian diet? a) Milk b) Vegetables c) Large portions of meat d) Desserts high in sugar content

b) Vegetables Rationale: The Asian-American diet generally is vegetarian, although meat may be consumed in small amounts. Native Asians generally do not drink milk or eat milk products because of a genetic tendency for lactose intolerance. Most Asian-Americans do not eat desserts high in sugar content

The nurse is collecting data from an African-American client scheduled for surgery. Which questions would be most appropriate for the nurse to ask on initial assessment? Select all that apply. 1. "Do you ever experience chest pain?" 2. "Do you have any difficulty breathing?" 3. "How many people live in your house?" 4. "Do you have a close family relationship?" 5. "Do you frequently have episodes of headache?"

1. "Do you ever experience chest pain?" 2. "Do you have any difficulty breathing?" 5. "Do you frequently have episodes of headache?"

Which clients has a high risk of obesity and diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply. 1. A 40-year-old Latino American man 2. A 45-year-old Native American man 3. A 23-year-old Asian American woman 4. A 35-year-old Hispanic American man 5. A 40-year-old African American woman

1. A 40 year old Latino American man 2. A 45 year old Native American man 4. A 35 year old Hispanic American man 5. A 40 year old African American woman Rationale: Because of their health and dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino Americans, Hispanic Americans, and African Americans have a high risk of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Asian Americans have a lower risk for obesity and diabetes mellitus.

A community health nurse has volunteered to assist in providing health care instructions to a Native-American community group. The nurse plans instructions based on the common practices and rituals of this group, knowing that which are associated characteristics of this ethnic group? Select all that apply. 1. Alcohol abuse is common. 2. Vitamin D deficiency is a concern. 3.Many foods consumed are low in fat. 4. Corn is an important component of the diet. 5. This group is at increased risk for gallbladder disease.

1. Alcohol abuse is common. 2. Vitamin D deficiency is a concern. 4. Corn is an important component of the diet. 5. This group is at increased risk for gallbladder disease.

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a hospitalized Asian-American client. The nurse should include which measures in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply. 1. Limit eye contact. 2. Clarify responses to questions. 3. Use hand gestures to communicate. 4. Maintain physical space with the client. 5. Hold the client's hand to provide comfort.

1. Limit eye contact. 2. Clarify responses to questions. 4. Maintain physical space with the client Rationale: Avoiding physical closeness, limiting eye contact, avoiding hand gestures, and clarifying responses to questions are all components of the plan of care for an Asian-American client. Therefore, options 1, 2, and 4 are appropriate interventions, whereas options 3 and 5 are inappropriate.

A nurse is assessing the cultural beliefs of five clients requiring specimen collection for a diagnostic test. Which cultural assessments are correct? Select all that apply. 1. Insertion of a throat culture swab into the mouth of a Southeast Asian client may be perceived as threatening. 2. Amish clients may only have vaginal or urinary specimens collected by an adult Amish male family member. 3. Hispanic clients often become anxious during blood specimen collection because they consider blood as irreplaceable. 4. Hindus collecting a stool specimen for a Hemoccult screening test need to use the left hand to place the stool onto the Hemoccult card. 5. Self-urine collection performed by a right hand-dominant Muslim client may be collected incorrectly because only a Muslim's left hand can be used for dirty activities.

1. Insertion of a throat culture swab into the mouth of a Southeast Asian client may be perceived as threatening. 4. Hindus collecting a stool specimen for a Hemoccult screening test need to use the left hand to place the stool onto the Hemoccult card. 5. Self-urine collection performed by a right hand-dominant Muslim client may be collected incorrectly because only a Muslim's left hand can be used for dirty activities.

The nurse plans to do dietary teaching with an African-American client. The nurse focuses the plan based on which foods that are characteristically consumed by individuals of this culture? Select all that apply. 1. Pork 2. Greens 3. Red meat 4. Fried foods 5. Spicy foods

1. Pork 2. Greens 4. Fried foods

A nurse is assisting in developing a postoperative plan of care for a Filipino-American client scheduled for surgery. The nurse should consider which factors when addressing pain? Select all that apply. 1. The client has a high tolerance to pain. 2. The client will need to ask for pain medication when needed. 3. Pain medication needs to be offered on a regular basis as prescribed. 4. Pain medication needs to be offered when nonverbal signs of discomfort are identified. 5. The client should be allowed to maintain control and request pain medication on his own.

1. The client has a high tolerance to pain. 3. Pain medication needs to be offered on a regular basis as prescribed.

The nurse identifies low-risk therapies to a client and should include which therapies in the discussion? Select all that apply. 1. Herbs 2. Prayer 3. Touch 4. Massage 5. Relaxation 6. Acupuncture

2- Prayer 3- Touch 4- Massage 5- Relaxation Rationale: Low-risk therapies are therapies that have no adverse effects and, when implementing care, can be used by the nurse who has training and experience in their use. Low-risk therapies include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage, touch, laughter and humor, and spiritual measures, such as prayer.

A nurse is assigned to collect data from a Hispanic-American client during the hospital admission. The nurse should plan to use which communication patterns? Select all that apply. 1. Avoid touching the client. 2. Greet the client with a handshake. 3. Smile through the admission process. 4. Use humor when asking the client questions. 5. Use affirmative nods during the conversations with the client.

2. Greet the client with a handshake. 3. Smile through the admission process. 5. Use affirmative nods during the conversations with the client.

The nurse caring for an Orthodox Jewish client plans a diet that adheres to the practices of the client's faith. The nurse recognizes that which principles are consistent with dietary kosher laws? Select all that apply. 1. Meat and milk can be eaten together. 2. Eating fish with scales and fins is allowed. 3. Unleavened bread is eaten during Passover week. 4. Meat from animals who are vegetable eaters is allowed. 5. Meat is allowed if the food animal is ritually slaughtered.

2. Eating fish with scales and fins is allowed. 3. Unleavened bread is eaten during Passover week. 4. Meat from animals who are vegetable eaters is allowed. 5. Meat is allowed if the food animal is ritually slaughtered. Rationale: Dietary kosher laws must be adhered to by Orthodox believers. Meats allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-hoofed animals, and animals that are ritually slaughtered. Fish that have scales and fins are allowed; however, any combination of meat and milk is prohibited. During Passover week, only unleavened bread is eaten.

A community health nurse has volunteered to assist in providing health care instruction to a Native American community group. The nurse plans instruction based on the common practices and rituals of this group, knowing that which are characteristics associated with this ethnic group? Select all that apply. 1. Alcohol use is minimal. 2. Lactose intolerance is common. 3. Vitamin D deficiency is a concern. 4. Corn is an important component of the diet. 5. Fried bread and mutton are prepared in lard.

2. Lactose intolerance is common. 3. Vitamin D deficiency is a concern. 4. Corn is an important component of the diet. 5. Fried bread and mutton are prepared in lard. Rationale: Native American diets may be deficient in vitamin D because many individuals in this group suffer from lactose intolerance or do not drink milk. Corn is an important staple in the diet of Navajo and other Native American tribes. Fried bread and mutton are prepared in lard, and these dietary rituals have contributed to the increased risk of gallbladder disease in this population. Alcohol abuse is a concern, and many Native American tribes exhibit high-risk behaviors related to alcohol abuse.

The nurse is examining a Hispanic-American child who was brought to the clinic by the mother. Which are appropriate nursing actions? Select all that apply. 1. Admiring the child 2. Taking the child's temperature 3. Asking questions about the child 4. Obtaining an interpreter if necessary 5. Maintaining eye contact with the mother

2. Taking the child's temperature 3. Asking questions about the child 4. Obtaining an interpreter if necessary

The nurse develops a plan of care for a White-American client. The nurse considers the practices and preferences of the culture when planning the care, knowing that which are characteristics associated with this ethnic group? Select all that apply. 1.The man is always the dominant figure. 2.Community social organizations are important. 3.Health often is viewed as an absence of disease or illness. 4.The client will appear stoic when expressing physical concerns. 5. Members usually rely primarily on the modern Western health care delivery system.

2.Community social organizations are important. 3.Health often is viewed as an absence of disease or illness. 4.The client will appear stoic when expressing physical concerns. 5. Members usually rely primarily on the modern Western health care delivery system.

The nurse manager is giving a staff inservice on providing culturally sensitive education to clients. Which statements indicate to the nurse manager that the staff understands providing culturally sensitive education? Select all that apply. 1. "Educational topics are always determined by the nurse." 2. "All clients view education about their health status as important." 3. "The population served will determine the culturally sensitive resources to use for teaching." 4. "Assessment of a client's preferred learning approach is essential to facilitate the learning process." 5. "It is important to have an accurate translator when the nurse and client do not speak the same language."

3. "The population served will determine the culturally sensitive resources to use for teaching." 4. "Assessment of a client's preferred learning approach is essential to facilitate the learning process." 5. "It is important to have an accurate translator when the nurse and client do not speak the same language."

A nurse is planning the menu for a Chinese-American client. Which foods should the nurse plan to include in the dietary plan? Select all that apply. 1. Milk 2. Yogurt 3. Broccoli 4. Green beans 5. Peanut butter cookies

3. Broccoli 4. Green beans Rationale: The Chinese-American diet is generally vegetarian, although meat is often served. Native Chinese generally do not drink milk or eat milk products because of a genetic tendency for lactose intolerance. Most Chinese-Americans do not eat desserts high in sugar; their desserts are usually fruits.

A nurse is planning to instruct the Hispanic-American client about nutrition and dietary restrictions. When developing the plan for the instructions, the nurse should include which information for this ethnic group? Select all that apply. 1. They primarily eat raw fish. 2. They enjoy eating red meat. 3. They use soy sauce on all food items. 4. They have difficulty adhering to a prescribed diet. 5. They view food as a primary form of socialization. 6. They enjoy food that is rich in color, flavor, and texture.

4. They have difficulty adhering to a prescribed diet. 5. They view food as a primary form of socialization. 6. They enjoy food that is rich in color, flavor, and texture.

A clinic nurse is performing an admission assessment on an African-American client scheduled for cataract removal with intraocular lens implantation. Which question should the nurse avoid asking on the initial assessment? a) "Do you have any family problems?" b) "Do you ever experience chest pain?" c) "Do you have any problems urinating?" d) "Do you frequently have episodes of constipation?"

a) "Do you have any family problems?"

The nurse educator is providing in-service education to the nursing staff regarding transcultural nursing care; a staff member asks the nurse educator to describe the concept of acculturation. The nurse educator should make which most appropriate response? a) "It is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing environment." b) "It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging to a group." c) "It is a group of individuals in a society who are culturally distinct and have a unique identity." d) "It is a group that shares some of the characteristics of the larger population group of which it is a part."

a) "It is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing environment." b- ethnic identity c- ethnic group d- subculture

A kosher meal is delivered to a Jewish-American client . Which action by the nurse is most appropriate in assisting the client with the meal? a) Ask the client to prepare the meal for eating. b) Ensure that the client has metal eating utensils. c) Prepare the eating utensils and food for the client. d) Transfer the food from the paper plates to glass plates.

a) Ask the client to prepare the meal for eating. Rationale: Kosher meals arrive on paper plates and with plastic utensils sealed. Health care providers should not unwrap the utensils or place the food on another serving dish. Although the nurse may want to be helpful in assisting the client with the meal, the only appropriate option for this client is option 1.

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to an Asian-American client regarding prescribed dietary modifications. During the teaching session, the client continuously turns away from the nurse. Which nursing action is most appropriate? a) Continue with the instructions verifying client understanding. b) Walk around to the client so that you continuously face the client. c) Identify the importance of the instructions for the maintenance of health care. d) Give the client a dietary booklet, and return later to continue with the instructions.

a) Continue with the instructions verifying client understanding.

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a Chinese American client regarding prescribed dietary modifications. During the teaching session, the client continuously turns away from the nurse. The nurse should implement which best action? a) Continue with the instructions, verifying client understanding. b) Walk around the client so that the nurse constantly faces the client. c) Give the client a dietary booklet and return later to continue with the instructions. d) Tell the client about the importance of the instructions for the maintenance of health care.

a) Continue with the instructions, verifying client understanding.

The nurse is caring for a Hispanic-American client admitted with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. Several family members are present. Which behavior, if displayed by the family members, would the nurse interpret as characteristic of this cultural group? a) Dramatic body language b) Maintaining consistent eye contact c) Consistently expressing negative feelings d) Consistently confronting the nurse directly

a) Dramatic body language Rationale: Characteristics of the Hispanic-American culture include the use of dramatic body language, such as gestures or facial expressions, to express emotion or pain. Beliefs include that direct confrontation is disrespectful, and that the expression of negative feelings is impolite. Additionally, in this culture, avoiding direct eye contact indicates respect and attentiveness.

A nurse at a health care clinic is preparing to examine a Hispanic child who was brought to the clinic by the mother. During assessment of the child, the nurse should avoid which action? a) Overly admiring the child b)Taking the child's temperature c) Obtaining an interpreter if necessary d) Asking the mother questions about the child

a) Overly admiring the child

The ambulatory care nurse is discussing preoperative procedures with a Japanese American client who is scheduled for surgery the following week. During the discussion, the client continually smiles and nods the head. How should the nurse interpret this nonverbal behavior? a)Reflecting a cultural value b)An acceptance of the treatment c) Client agreement to the required procedures d) Client understanding of the preoperative procedures

a) Reflecting a cultural value

The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is assigned to care for a client who is of Asian heritage. The UAP tells the nurse, "I think that my assignment needs to be changed. Every time I try to talk, the client turns away." Which statement is the most appropriate teaching response from the nurse? a) "You are right. Your assignment needs to be changed." b) "If the client turns away, continue with the discussion." c) "If the client turns away, leave the room and return later to finish your care." d) "The client may have difficulty hearing. Speak up when talking to the client."

b) "If the client turns away, continue with the discussion."

When communicating with a client who speaks a different language, which best practice should the nurse implement? a) Speak loudly and slowly. b) Arrange for an interpreter to translate. c) Speak to the client and family together. d) Stand close to the client and speak loudly.

b) Arrange for an interpreter to translate.

A nurse is planning care for a hospitalized male client who is an Orthodox Jew. Which action by the nurse is best for this client? a) Instruct the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to avoid exposing and washing the client's feet. b) Assign a male unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to help the client with his personal care. c) Ensure that medications and food are given to the client with only the right hand. d) Expect that the client will refuse care unless provided by a female staff member.

b) Assign a male unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to help the client with his personal care. Rationale: Some cultures, such as Orthodox Jews, consider touching unrelated persons of the opposite sex forbidden. Whenever possible, personal care should be provided by caregivers who are the same gender as the client. Therefore assigning a male unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to help with personal care is the best action. The use of the right hand for eating and praying is a practice of Hindus and Muslims. Orthodox Jews do not forbid the washing of feet.

A home care nurse is assigned to visit a Hispanic-American client to perform an admission assessment. On the initial meeting with the client, the nurse should plan to incorporate which social custom? a) Avoid touching the client. b) Greet the client with a handshake. c) Smile and use humor throughout the entire admission assessment. d) Avoid using affirmative nods during the conversations with the client.

b) Greet the client with a handshake.

The home care nurse is assigned to visit a Mexican-American client to perform an admission assessment. On initially meeting the client, what should the nurse do? a) Avoid touching the client. b) Greet the client with a handshake. c) Avoid any affirmative nods during conversations with the client. d) Smile and use humor throughout the entire admission assessment.

b) Greet the client with a handshake.

When counseling a female Amish client, what should the nurse do? a) Speak only to the husband. b) Use complex medical terminology. c) Avoid using scientific or medical jargon. d) Stand close to the client and speak loudly.

c) Avoid using scientific or medical jargon.

What action should the nurse consider when counseling a client of the Amish tradition? a) Speak only to the husband. b) Use complex medical terminology. c) Avoid using scientific or medical jargon. d) Stand close to the client and speak loudly.

c) Avoid using scientific or medical jargon. Rationale: Complex scientific or medical terminology should be avoided when counseling an Amish client (or any client). When counseling a female Amish client, most often the husband and wife will want to discuss health care options together. Standing close and speaking loudly is inappropriate in most counseling situations.

The nurse notes that the client whose religion is Orthodox Judaism has received a cheeseburger with fries and skim milk as a beverage. Considering this finding, what is the best nursing action? a) Ask the client if he likes cheeseburgers. b) Replace the skim milk with whole milk. c) Call the dietary department and ask for a replacement meal tray. d) Ask the dietary department to replace the cheeseburger with a pork sausage patty.

c) Call the dietary department and ask for a replacement meal tray.

An antihypertensive medication has been prescribed for a client with hypertension. The client tells the clinic nurse that they would like to take an herbal substance to help lower their blood pressure. The nurse should take which action? a) Tell the client that herbal substances are not safe and should never be used. b) Teach the client how to take their blood pressure so that it can be monitored closely. c) Encourage the client to discuss the use of an herbal substance with the health care provider. d) Tell the client that if they take the herbal substance they will need to have their blood pressure checked frequently.

c) Encourage the client to discuss the use of an herbal substance with the health care provider.

An Asian American client is experiencing a fever. The nurse recognizes that the client is likely to self-treat the disorder, using which method? a) Prayer b) Magnetic therapy c) Foods considered to be yin d) Foods considered to be yang

c) Foods considered to be yin Rationale: In the Asian-American culture, health is believed to be a state of physical and spiritual harmony with nature and a balance between positive and negative energy forces (yin and yang). Yin foods are cold and yang foods are hot. Cold foods are eaten when one has a hot illness (fever), and hot foods are eaten when one has a cold illness.

The nurse in a health care clinic is preparing to conduct a nutritional session with a group of culturally diverse pregnant women. At the first session the nurse will be meeting with each client individually. The nurse prepares a list of items to be included in the session and lists which item as the priority? a) Discuss the costs of food items. b) Review the MyPlate food guide. c) Identify the food preferences and methods of food preparation for each client. d) Weigh each client and ask the client to document the weight on a progress chart.

c) Identify the food preferences and methods of food preparation for each client.

The nurse is providing care to a Puerto Rican-American client who is terminally ill. Numerous family members are present most of the time, and many of the family members are very emotional. What is the most appropriate nursing action for this client? a) Restrict the number of family members visiting at one time. b) Inform the family that emotional outbursts are to be avoided. c) Make the necessary arrangements so family members can visit. d) Contact the health care provider to speak to the family regarding their behaviors.

c) Make the necessary arrangements so family members can visit.

The nurse is implementing the complementary therapy of therapeutic touch when caring for clients. The nurse should implement which action when performing therapeutic touch? a) Apply heating pads to the back. b) Vigorously massage bony prominences. c) Position hands 2 to 4 inches from the body. d) Position hands directly on the client's skin.

c) Position hands 2 to 4 inches from the body. Rationale: During therapeutic touch, nurses use their hands to assess the client's energy field. Hands are positioned 2 to 4 inches from the body. The energy field is assessed for bilateral similarities or differences in the flow of energy. The next step is clearing and balancing the energy field. Nurses then redirect energy through their own intentionality. The session ends with a smoothing of the energy. Therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect.

An older client is seen in the clinic for a physical examination. Laboratory studies reveal that the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are low, indicating the need for further diagnostic studies and a blood transfusion. The client is a Jehovah's Witness and refuses to have a blood transfusion. The nurse should take which most appropriate action? a) Try to convince the client of the need for the transfusion. b) Speak to the family regarding the need for a blood transfusion. c) Support the client's decision not to receive a blood transfusion. d) Discuss with the client the results of the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels compared with normal levels.

c) Support the client's decision not to receive a blood transfusion.

Which meal tray should the nurse deliver to a client of Orthodox Judaism faith who follows a kosher diet? a) Pork roast, rice, vegetables, mixed fruit, milk b) Crab salad on a croissant, vegetables with dip, potato salad, milk c) Sweet and sour chicken with rice and vegetables, mixed fruit, juice d) Noodles and cream sauce with shrimp and vegetables, salad, mixed fruit, iced tea

c) Sweet and sour chicken with rice and vegetables, mixed fruit, juice Rationale: Orthodox Judaism believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed; meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-hoofed, and ritually slaughtered.

A Native-American man comes to the clinic for a physical examination. When asked about his mental status, the client acknowledges that he has had visions of his deceased brother and speaks to him when he needs counsel. Which best describes the nurse's assessment of this client behavior? a) The client is exhibiting signs of delayed grief reaction. b) The client lacks the intellectual competence to complete the interview. c) The client is demonstrating behavior that may be regarded as normal within his culture. d) Refers the client to the health care provider (HCP) so antipsychotic medication can be prescribed.

c) The client is demonstrating behavior that may be regarded as normal within his culture. Rationale: In the Native-American culture, visions of the deceased may be an expectation within the culture. Although a delayed grief reaction is a consideration, it does not speak to probable cultural differences. Assuming the client lacks intellectual competence and referring to the HCP for prescription of antipsychotics are judgmental.

The nurse is bathing a hospitalized Native-American client and notes that the client avoids eye contact during the procedure. The nurse should make which interpretation concerning the client's behavior? a) The client is depressed. b) The client is displaying disrespectful mannerisms. c) The client is displaying behavior that is a common cultural action. d) The client is humiliated because of the need to be cared for by someone else.

c) The client is displaying behavior that is a common cultural action.

The nurse in an ambulatory care clinic is performing an admission assessment for an African-American client who is scheduled for a cataract removal with intraocular lens implantation. Which question would be appropriate for the nurse to ask the client on an initial assessment? a) "Do you have well-behaved children?" b) "Do you have a close family relationship?" c) "Do you have specific religious practices?" d) "Do you have any breathing or heart problems?"

d) "Do you have any breathing or heart problems?"

The nursing instructor is providing a session on cultural beliefs related to health and illness. At the end of the session, the instructor asks a nursing student to describe the beliefs of some African Americans in regard to illness. Which statement would be the best response by the student? a) "Illness may be a punishment for sins." b) "Illness may be caused by lack of exercise." c) "Illness may be caused by an imbalance between yin and yang." d) "Illness is a disharmonious state that may be caused by demons and spirits."

d) "Illness is a disharmonious state that may be caused by demons and spirits." Rationale: In the African-American culture, illness can be viewed by some as a disharmonious state that may be caused by demons and spirits. The goal of treatment, from the traditional African perspective, is to remove the harmful spirit from the body of the ill client. Hispanic Americans believe that illness occurs as a result of punishment for sins. Asian Americans believe that illness is the result of an imbalance between yin and yang or also may be caused by prolonged sitting or reclining or by overexertion.

A nursing student is discussing cultural diversity issues in a clinical conference when the nursing instructor asks the student to describe ethnocentrism. Which statement, if made by the student, would indicate a lack of understanding of the concept of ethnocentrism? a) "It is a tendency to view one's own ways as best." b) "It is acting in a superior manner toward other cultures." c) "It is believing that one's own way is the only acceptable way." d) "It is imposing one's beliefs on individuals from another culture."

d) "It is imposing one's beliefs on individuals from another culture." Rationale: Ethnocentrism is a tendency to view one's own way of life as the most desirable, acceptable, or best and to act in a superior manner toward another culture. Cultural imposition is the tendency to impose one's own beliefs, values, and patterns of behavior on individuals from another culture

A nursing instructor is providing a session on cultural beliefs related to health. On completion of the session, the instructor asks a nursing student to describe the beliefs of many Appalachian clients in regard to health care providers (HCPs). Which is an appropriate response by the nursing student? a) "The Appalachian client expects an impersonal relationship with the nurse." b) "The Appalachian client will not want to make any decisions regarding health care." c) "The Appalachian client is most comfortable with impersonal relationships with health care providers." d) "The Appalachian client may prefer personal relationships with health care providers and a desire for frequent communication."

d) "The Appalachian client may prefer personal relationships with health care providers and a desire for frequent communication." Rationale: Appalachian clients traditionally have close family interaction patterns that often lead them to desire close personal relationships with HCPs, frequent communication, and participation in health care decisions. Appalachian clients are likely to be uncomfortable with any impersonal, bureaucratic orientation of health care institutions.

The nurse understands that which statement regarding herbal and health therapies is correct? a) Zinc is used for insomnia. b) Ginger is used to improve memory. c) Echinacea is used for erectile dysfunction. d) Black cohosh produces estrogen-like effects.

d) Black cohosh produces estrogen-like effects. Rationale: Black cohosh produces estrogen-like effects. Zinc stimulates the immune system and is used for its antiviral properties. Ginger is used for nausea and vomiting, and echinacea stimulates the immune system.

The role of the nurse regarding complementary and alternative medicine should include which action? a) Advising the client about "good" versus "bad" therapies b) Recommending herbal remedies that the client should use c) Discouraging the client from using any alternative therapies d) Educating the client about therapies that he or she is using or is interested in using

d) Educating the client about therapies that he or she is using or is interested in using

The nurse is developing a postoperative plan of care for a 40-year-old Filipino man scheduled for an appendectomy. What is the primary nursing action to include in the client's plan of care? a) Inform the client to ask for pain medication when needed. b) Offer pain medication when nonverbal signs of discomfort are identified. c) Allow the client to maintain control and request pain medication on his own. d) For the first postoperative day, offer pain medication on a regular basis as prescribed.

d) For the first postoperative day, offer pain medication on a regular basis as prescribed. Rationale: Filipinos view pain as part of living an honorable life. The client may appear stoic and be tolerant of a high degree of pain. The nurse needs to offer pain medication on a regular basis and, in fact, encourage pain relief interventions for the Filipino client who does not complain of pain despite physiological indicators. The correct option is the appropriate intervention to include in the plan of care.

A White-American client maintains eye contact with the nurse during a conversation regarding the preoperative teaching plan. What is the best interpretation of the client's behavior? a) Rudeness b) Arrogance c) Indicating uneasiness d) Indicating trustworthiness

d) Indicating trustworthiness

A nurse is providing care to a Hispanic client who is terminally ill. Numerous family members are present most of the time, and many of the family members are very emotional. What is the appropriate action? a) Restrict the number of family members visiting at one time. b) Inform the family that emotional outbursts are to be avoided. c) Contact the health care provider to speak to the family regarding their behavior. d) Request permission to move the client to a private room and allow the family members to visit.

d) Request permission to move the client to a private room and allow the family members to visit.

The nurse calls the dietary department to obtain a dinner meal for a White-American client who was admitted to the hospital at 4:00 PM. The health care provider prescribed a diet "as tolerated." Considering the practices and preferences of the White-American culture, which food should the nurse request for the meal? a) Rice b) Kosher foods c) Blue cornmeal d) Sirloin steak and potatoes

d) Sirloin steak and potatoes

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client who is a Jehovah's Witness. The client has been told that surgery is necessary. The nurse considers the client's religious preferences in developing the plan of care and should document which information? a) The client believes the soul lives on after death. b) Medication administration is not allowed. c) Surgery is prohibited in this religious group. d) The administration of blood and blood products is not allowed.

d) The administration of blood and blood products is not allowed.

The nurse is reviewing the plan of care with an Asian-American client. The client frequently nods the head during the review. The nurse should interpret this behavior as which indication? a) The client is very anxious. b) The client agrees with the plan. c) The client would like to hear more about the plan. d) The client may not necessarily agree with the plan.

d) The client may not necessarily agree with the plan. Rationale: In Asian-American cultures, head nodding does not necessarily mean that the client is in agreement with what is being presented, agrees with the plan, or is anxious. The nurse needs to be alert to nonverbal communication and validate the client's nonverbal communication; therefore option 4 is correct.

The nurse is planning to instruct the Hispanic-American client about nutrition and dietary restrictions. When developing the plan, the nurse is aware that which is a characteristic of this ethnic group? a) Primarily eats raw fish b) Enjoys food as long as it is not spicy c) Enjoys eating red meat such as steaks d) Views food as a primary form of socialization

d) Views food as a primary form of socialization Rationale: Hispanic foods are rich in color, flavor, texture, and spiciness. In the Hispanic-American culture, any occasion is seen as a time to celebrate with food and enjoy the companionship of family and friends. Because food is a primary form of socialization in Hispanic cultures, Hispanic Americans may have difficulty adhering to a prescribed diet. Asian Americans eat raw fish, rice, and soy sauce. White Americans prefer carbohydrates and red meat.

The nurse educator asks a student to list the five categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), developed by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Which statement, if made by the nursing student, would indicate an understanding of the five categories of CAM? a) Herbology, hydrotherapy, acupuncture, nutrition, and chiropractic care b) Mind-body medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, homeopathy, naturopathy, and healing touch c) Biologically based practices, body-based practices, magnetic therapy, massage therapy, and aromatherapy d) Whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices, manipulative and body-based practices, and energy medicine

d) Whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based practices, manipulative and body-based practices, and energy medicine