Advanced Civics Semester 2 final study guide

Which constitutional amendments are critical to the following excerpt? "you have the right to remain silent. anything you say and do will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford one, one will be appointed to you by the court. With these rights in mind, are you still willing to talk with me about the charges against you?"

(the only written question)

According to Adam Smith: Burger King and McDonald's keep their prices low because of

Competition

Read the scenario below. which constitutional provison does it represent? Chris challenged the law in his home state that allowed the chief of police to identify him as "a dangerous driver" based on observation. This classification denied him the right to renew his drivers license. Chris successfully argued that he was entitled to a hearing before the state could post his name on the dangerous driver list

Due process of law

a law is passed today making it illegal to sell caffeinated beverages and a business owner is arrested for selling a caffeinated beverage to a person yesterday. what is the name of this kind of law that the constitution prohibits from being made?

Ex Post Facto laws

What is the major difference between a direct democracy and a representative democracy?

In a direct democracy citizens themselves make decisions, whereas in a representative democracy citizens have intermediaries who make decisions for them.

Which enlightened thinker reasoned that people have natural rights like life, liberty, and property?

John Locke

Which supreme court case uphelf the constitutionally of executive order 9066, which ordered japanese Americans into internment camos during world war II

Korematsu v United States

which of the following supreme court decisions below most directly represents the protections listed in the excerpt

Mapp. V Ohio

which supreme court case established the basis for the exercise of judicial review under Article III of the constitution

Marbury v Madison

Whivh supreme court case established that police must advise criminal suspects of their constitutional rights before questioning them?

Miranda V Arizona

Who is the current speaker of the house

Nancy Pelosi

Social Security and Medicare are not directly connected or expressed in the constitution but are closely related to the duty of preserving the general welfare. Which power or clause gave congress the ability to create these?

Necessary and Proper clause

If a president releases a criminal from their sentence, he exercised which of his judicial powers?

Pardon

If congress is within its last 10 days of its session a president can use which final tactic

Pocket Veto

which supreme court case held that abortion is a fundamental right under the united states constitution?

Roe V Wade

which of the followng is an accurate comparison regarding membership in the US senate and House of representatives

Row B Senate: Members elected by voters of an entire state House: members elected by voters of a particular district based upon population

the supremacy clause is interpreted to mean

States may not override national policies

which of the following best summarizes the debate reflected in Tinker V Des Moines?

Students felt that anti-war speech was protected by the 1st amendment while the school district worried that such speech would be a disruption

In which of the following situations would the state action violate the constitution?

a state negotiating a defense treaty with a foreign nation

By "representative" democracy we mean:

a system in which the people select others to act in their place

Which of the following would represent a "reasonable search" that would not violate the rights protected by the 4th amendment above?

a teenager is pulled over for speeding and the officer detects a strong smell of marijuana emanating from the car and searches the car without a warrant

In which of the following instances can the supreme court utilize the power of judicial review

after an executive order is issued and challenged in courts

Federalism contributes to democracy by

all options are correct (that is the answer for this one)

Federalism contributes to democracy by

all options are correct (that's the answer on this one)

which of the following best describes the students to whom the decision in brown applicable

all students in public grade and high schools in the united states

What fundamental change did the magna carta make?

change from rule of man to rule of law

Which of the following best defines constitutional amendment?

changes to the original constitution

the constitution grants the national government exclusive power to

coin money

which of the following powers listed is an expressed power of the national government?

coin money

what are powers that are shared by both the state and national government?

concurrent powers

in the system of checks and balances, veto power is balanced by

congress's power to override a veto with a two-thirds majority

based on the previous court rulings, which of the following scenarios would most likely violate the purpose of the excerpt below?

continuing to question a witness after they have a clearly told the arresting officers they wish to invoke their right not to speak to them unless there is an attorney present

the budget crisis of 1995 that led to the shutdown of government for 27 days is an example of what?

gridlock

With a short, two year term of office, members of the house of representatives should be more responsive to the will of the american people in order to carry out their constitutional duty of...

initiating all revenue and appropriation bills

which of the following led to the development of the federal court system after the ratification of the constitution

judiciary act of 1789

the constitution specifically denies the states the power to

make treaties with foreign countries

which person helps encourage members of the minority party to vote as the party leadership wants?

minority whip

congress refusing to fund a government program because they do not think it is necessary to have is an example of which check and balance?

power of the purse

which of the following is specifically guaranteed in the bill of rights?

right to an impartial jury

which of the following most clearly states the outcome of brown v. topeka board of education

segregation of students in public schools, per the "separate but equal" standard, violates the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment because of separate facilities are inherently unequal

the sturcture of government of the united states allows the legislative branch to write laws, the executive branch to enforce laws, and the judicial branch to interpret laws. collectively this process is called:

separation of power

A state university or college charge a different tuition rate for in-state and out-of-state students, why does the privileges and immunities clause not protect both types of students equally?

state universities and colleges are partially funded by state taxpayers and exempted from the clause

which court is considered the ultimate appellate court?

supreme court

What does congress have to pass in order for a territory to draft a constitution?

the enabling act

How does representation in the US senate differ from representation in the house?

the number of representatives in the house is based on state population

What impact can the electoral college have on the election of the president?

the popular candidate may not always win

In the sysstem of checks and balances, veto power is balanced by

the power of congress to override a veto

which of the following represents a power that may be constitutionally exercised by both the national and state governments?

the power to tax income

which of the following is the most accurate description of how the supreme court has interpreted the bill of rights

the right to an attorney has expanded to include circumstances in which the government must provide an attorney

which of the following most clearly states the outcome of plessy v. ferguson?

the supreme court agreed that the louisiana statute which created "separate but equal" public transit seating did not violate equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

following mass shootings, the debate over whether there should be increased limits on access to guns intensifies. this is most representative of which of the following?

the tension between the need to protect public safety while also protecting individual rights

(for graph) which of the following accurately describes the information in the pie chart?

the united states postal service has the largest number of employees within the federal bureaucracy

which of the following would be a disadvantage for a confederal system?

weak central government

the federalist papers, written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison, were intended to

win support for ratification of the constitution