A.H. Chapter 8

Which of the following most accurately describes agriculture in the South after the Civil War?

Dominated by cotton

What caused serious conflict among various groups of people in the west?

Ethnic and economic tensions

What positive steps did the south take to industrialize after the civil war?

Farmers Alliance

How were the government's Laisses-Faire policies challenged in the late 1800's?

Farmers Alliance members wanted regulations placed on railroads and banks.

How did southern African Americans both gain and lose civil rights after the civil war

Gain: 13th(Free) ; 14th(Equality) ; 15th(Vote)

How did new railroads benefit western cattle ranchers?

It provided a way to transport meat to eastern markets

What best describes Native Amerian's situation at the end of the Indian Wars?

They assimilated into American Culture

Farmers' Alliance

network of farmers organizations that worked for political and economic reforms in late 1800s

Assimilate

to adopt the culture and civilization of the dominant group in a society

How did southern agriculture suffer from domination of cotton?

...

Homestead Act

1862 law in which the government offered farm plots of 160 acres to anyone willing to live on the land for five years, dig a well, and build a road

Sand Creek Massacre

1864 incident in which o Colorado militia killed a camp of unarmed cheyenne and arapaho indians

Battle of Little Big Horn

1876 battle in which sioux defeated American troops led by colonel george cluster

Dawes General Allotment Act

1887 law that divided reservation land into private family plots

Wounded Knee

1890 confrontation between U.S cavalry and sioux that marked the end of indian resistance in ghost dance war

The "Exodusters" were:

African American's who fled the south after Reconstruction (to the West)

Exodusters

African Americans who migrated from the south to the west after the Civil War

Which of the following accurately describes the effects of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments on the lives of Southerners?

Black southerners had more political and economic freedom

Which two states had the greatest increase in population?

California and Texas

Which groups of Native Americans were involved in conflicts in Texas?

Comanche and Kiowa

Cash Crops

Crop such as cotten and tobacco that is grown not for its own use but to be sold for cash.

What was a central goal of Henry Grady's ideas for a New South?

Developing industry.

What best describes the lives of typical western homesteaders in the late 1800?

Difficult and lonely

Chief Joseph

Leader of the Nez Perces who surrendered after trying to lead a group of indian refugees to canada

The first great boom in the West was spurred by?

Mining

What was one effect of the conflicts between Native Americans and White settlers?

Over time, Native Americans lost the ability to effectely resist white settlements.

How did railroads influence the growth of western territories?

Railroad spurred the foundation and expansion of towns along the western rail route.

In contrast to white settlers, Native Americans viewed nature as

Sacred

How did Southern blacks lose rights in the years after the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments?

Some white Southerners used state legislation, segregation, and violence to limit the freedoms of blacks.

Reservation

Specific area set aside by federal government for indian use

What characteristic did all Native American groups share?

That nature and the land was sacred and they considered themselves part of nature.

The assimilation of Native Americans was a goal of

The Dawes General Allotment Act.

Why was the removal of the Nex Perces particulary harsh?

The Nex Perces had converted to Christianity and had become settled cattle breeders.

Civil Rights

law that banned discrimination in public facilities and transportation

Which of the following threatened the livelihoods of Southern farmers?

The boll weevil

Which factor contributed to the demise of the open-range system?

The invention of Barbed wire

Which of the following revoked Southern blacks' civil rights?

The local and state laws

Which of the following was an effect of the transcontinental railroad?

The population of the West increased

Why was the Farmers Alliance formed in the 1870's?

To negotiate lower prices for supplies

The Ku Klux Klan

Used violence and intimidation

Land Grant

land designated by the federal government for building schools, roads and railroads

The Dawes General Allotment Act of 1887

granted each Native American family a 160 acre farmstead.

Transcontinental Railroad

rail link between the eastern and western United States

Vigilante

self-appointed law enforcer

Sitting Bull

sioux chief respected as a fighter and spiritual leader

Open-Range System

system in which ranchers did not fence in their property, allowing cattle to roam and gaze freely