America A Narrative Chapter 13

Among the vocal opponents of the Mexican-American War was: John Tyler. John L. O'Sullivan. Abraham Lincoln. Thomas O. Larkin. John Slidell.

Abraham Lincoln.

What was a significant influence on Texas commander in chief Sam Houston? He had been a pacifist before moving to Texas. He served under General Andrew Jackson in the War of 1812. He was half Mexican. He was the first Texas-born leader of the territory. He was the only college-educated rebel.

He served under General Andrew Jackson in the War of 1812.

How were the Spanish missions in California different from those established in Texas? The Indians were allowed to keep their native customs and rituals. The workers received wages for their work. The Spanish faced more native opposition in Texas than in California. The missions in California were not very long-lasting or influential. The California missions received better funding once Mexico won its independence.

The Spanish faced more native opposition in Texas than in California.

All of the following resulted from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, EXCEPT that: the United States paid Mexico $15 million. U.S. troops continued to occupy Mexico. the United States gained California. the United States gained New Mexico. Mexico recognized the Rio Grande as the border of Texas.

U.S. troops continued to occupy Mexico.

President Tyler infuriated Henry Clay by vetoing his bill in support of: a new national bank. higher tariffs. pensions for veterans. Indian removal. Texas annexation.

a new national bank.

As president, Polk supported all of the following, EXCEPT: restoration of the independent Treasury. settlement of the Oregon boundary question. tariff reduction. acquisition of California. internal improvements.

internal improvements.

At the Battle of the Alamo: the Mexicans won a costly victory. Santa Anna showed his strategic brilliance. Texans secured their independence. William B. Travis and Jim Bowie were taken prisoner. the defenders were bombarded into surrender.

the Mexicans won a costly victory.

The Mexican-American War contributed to all of the following, EXCEPT: a dramatic expansion of the federal government. the end of a prolonged depression. the creation of the Department of the Interior. the United States becoming a transcontinental nation. the strengthening of the Union.

the strengthening of the Union.

Most of those who traveled westward in wagon trains: turned back due to the hardships. made it from Missouri to California in a month. were attacked by Indians. traveled in groups. were headed for California's goldfields.

traveled in groups.

William Henry Harrison: was elected more on his military record than for taking a stand on the issues. developed a close association with Henry Clay during his presidency. was the last president elected from the Jacksonian Democratic party. led the fight to annex Texas. was the first president to be assassinated.

was elected more on his military record than for taking a stand on the issues.

California's Bear Flag Republic: sent an expedition to capture Santa Fe. was established when American settlers captured Sonoma in northern California. represented a California version of manifest destiny. was quickly recognized by the British. was controlled by Mexicans and Indians.

was established when American settlers captured Sonoma in northern California.

What was a main reason the Mexican government attempted to curtail American settlement of Texas? racism against Americans the British claim to the territory the Spanish forcing them to exclude the Americans worry about the behavior and intentions of the Americans living there a preference for Indian settlement of the land

worry about the behavior and intentions of the Americans living there

The idea of "manifest destiny" claimed that: American expansion westward across the continent was sanctioned by God. slavery was the result of divine intervention. immediate war against the British would revitalize the American state. joint British and American occupation of North America would "civilize" the continent. men were destined to travel the high seas.

American expansion westward across the continent was sanctioned by God.

What effect did Mexico's winning its independence from Spain have on American settlement in the Southwest? Americans began to flee the former Spanish territories once Mexico gained independence. Patterns of American settlement of the former Spanish, now Mexican, territories remained unchanged. American settlement and expansion into the former Spanish territories increased after Mexico gained independence. American settlers were immediately and forcibly removed from all Mexican territories. The establishment of the new Mexican state made settlement in its territories more difficult.

American settlement and expansion into the former Spanish territories increased after Mexico gained independence.

Why was John Charles Frémont so influential in encouraging the mass migration of Americans to Oregon and California? He established the first sizable American settlement in California. He was already a famous mountain man. His reports of his western explorations gained wide circulation and became very popular. He had led the largest wagon train along the Oregon Trail. He rescued the Donner party.

His reports of his western explorations gained wide circulation and became very popular.

The decisive victory in the war came with Winfield Scott's capture of: Cerro Gordo. Monterrey. Mexico City. Puebla. Veracruz.

Mexico City.

All of the following are true about Winfield Scott's assault on Veracruz, EXCEPT that: the victory made General Scott a national hero. Scott's assault was the largest amphibious operation ever attempted by U.S. military forces. Scott led an assault against what was considered to be the strongest fortress in North America. it was carried out without a loss. Mexico surrendered as a result of Scott's victory.

Mexico surrendered as a result of Scott's victory.

How did the Mexican-American War ultimately deepen sectional divisions in the United States? All the territories acquired were immediately opened to slavery. Southern states refused to recognize the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Slaves who fought in the war began rebelling for their freedom in the South. Slavery was prohibited in all the territories acquired. The newly acquired territories fueled a violent debate over the extension of slavery into them.

The newly acquired territories fueled a violent debate over the extension of slavery into them.

How did the Mexican-American War ultimately deepen sectional divisions in the United States? Southern states refused to recognize the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The newly acquired territories fueled a violent debate over the extension of slavery into them. All the territories acquired were immediately opened to slavery. Slavery was prohibited in all the territories acquired. Slaves who fought in the war began rebelling for their freedom in the South.

The newly acquired territories fueled a violent debate over the extension of slavery into them.

All of the following statements about Stephen F. Austin are true, EXCEPT that he: adamantly opposed slavery. convinced the Mexican government to permit an Anglo "buffer" colony on the northern frontier between the Comanche Indians and the Mexican settlements. became the leading proponent of American settlement in coastal Texas. actively urged Texans to revolt against Mexico. had a legitimate land grant from Mexico.

adamantly opposed slavery.

Polk settled the Oregon boundary dispute with the British by: agreeing to a border along the 49th parallel. agreeing to a permanent joint occupation of the Pacific Northwest. promising not to go to war with Mexico. paying the British $10 million to give up their claim. sending the navy to back up the U.S. claim.

agreeing to a border along the 49th parallel.

Polk's nickname of "Young Hickory" most reflected his: enthusiastic support for territorial expansion. association with Jackson and support for Jacksonian policies. common origins in North Carolina. toughness in dealing with his enemies. relative youth for a presidential candidate.

association with Jackson and support for Jacksonian policies.

The major factor that delayed Texas annexation until 1845 was: fear of a possible Mexican attack on the United States. Britain's support for Texas independence. the desire of Texans to remain a republic. Calhoun's incompetence as secretary of state. concern over Texas entering as a slave state.

concern over Texas entering as a slave state.

The Republic of Texas: was recognized by President Andrew Jackson early in his administration. was on the verge of becoming a world power. drafted a constitution emancipating its slaves. developed trade relations with Britain. at first shied away from annexation by the United States.

developed trade relations with Britain.

John Tyler broke with the Democrats and joined with the Whigs because he: believed all property owners should have the vote. worshipped the Founding Fathers. morally opposed slavery. supported Clay's program of economic nationalism. disagreed with Andrew Jackson's position on nullification.

disagreed with Andrew Jackson's position on nullification.

The purpose of the Convention of 1818 signed by Britain and the United States was to: condemn Napoléon's designs on New World expansion. establish a "joint occupation" of the Oregon Country. cede California to the Americans. settle remaining differences and claims from the War of 1812. outlaw the slave trade.

establish a "joint occupation" of the Oregon Country.

Most of the American settlers in Texas went there because of: gold and other mineral deposits. trading opportunities with the Indians and the Mexicans. fertile, inexpensive lands. furs. legal problems in the United States.

fertile, inexpensive lands.

The Americans known as "mountain men" who blazed western trails were: fur trappers. missionaries. horse traders. mountain climbers. army scouts.

fur trappers.

Congress voted to annex the Republic of Texas via a(n): treaty of annexation. executive order. House of Representatives resolution. voice vote in the Senate. joint resolution of Congress.

joint resolution of Congress.

The Anglo-Texans rebelled against the Mexican government: to honor their alliance with the Comanche Indians. in opposition to taxation without representation. out of fear that the Mexican government intended to free their slaves. at the request of Spain, which was trying to regain control of Mexico. to preempt Mexican plans to attack U.S. territories east of Texas.

out of fear that the Mexican government intended to free their slaves.

The Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842 did all of the following, EXCEPT: place the Oregon territory under sole U.S. control. provide for joint naval patrols off of Africa. provide for U.S.-British cooperation to police the outlawed slave trade. result in good relations with Great Britain. settle a long-standing dispute over the northeastern boundary with Canada.

place the Oregon territory under sole U.S. control.

Polk's order that Zachary Taylor move his troops to the disputed territory north of the Rio Grande: protected American settlers along the border. provoked a Mexican attack. persuaded Mexico to sell California. won him political support in the North. expressed his belief in manifest destiny.

provoked a Mexican attack.