American History Fall Exam

In 1819, the Adams-Onis Treaty dealt with the American purchase of A. Texas. B. Ohio. C. Florida. D. Illinois. E. Puerto Rico.

C. Florida.

In the War of 1812, Britain turned its full military attention to America after A. Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo. B. Napoleon's incarceration at Elba. C. Napoleon's catastrophic campaign against Russia. D. the American invasion of Canada. E. the American raid and burning of York.

C. Napoleon's catastrophic campaign against Russia.

Within the ideology of Manifest Destiny were all the following beliefs EXCEPT A. the United States was destined by God and history to expand in size. B. the United States should create a vast new "empire of liberty." C. United States expansion was acceptable so long as it stayed out of Mexico and Canada. D. the growth of the United States was not selfish but altruistic. E. None of the answers are correct.

C. United States expansion was acceptable so long as it stayed out of Mexico and Canada.

The Wade-Davis Bill A. essentially followed President Lincoln's Reconstruction plans. B. was criticized by Conservative Republicans for being too mild. C. called for the disenfranchisement of leading Confederates. D. denied reentry into the Union by former Confederate states for ten years. E. quickly became the law of the land.

C. called for the disenfranchisement of leading Confederates.

In comparing turnpike transportation to canal transportation, A. canal transportation was generally developed before turnpike transportation. B. canal construction was less expensive than turnpike construction. C. canal boats could haul vastly larger loads than could road transports. D. state governments gave little financial support to canal transportation. E. New York was the first to finance turnpike construction.

C. canal boats could haul vastly larger loads than could road transports.

The New Orleans magazine publisher, James B. D. De Bow, championed A. Southern economic independence from the North. B. Southern commercial and agricultural growth. C. closer economic ties with the North. D. Southern economic independence from the North and Southern commercial and agricultural growth. E. closer economic ties with the North and Southern commercial and agricultural growth.

C. closer economic ties with the North.

The Fourteenth Amendment A. ended slavery throughout the United States. B. gave voting rights to all male Americans. C. gave citizenship rights to all people born in the United States. D. was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. E. was written in such a way as to appease the woman's suffrage movement.

C. gave citizenship rights to all people born in the United States.

The Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that A. communities could have schools for whites only if there were no schools for blacks. B. the Fourteenth Amendment was unconstitutional. C. racial segregation was legal if whites and blacks had equal "accommodations." D. private institutions were exempt from laws against racial discrimination. E. segregation by race in education was inherently unconstitutional.

C. racial segregation was legal if whites and blacks had equal "accommodations."

In 1917, automobile production in the United States A. was the nation's largest industry. B. saw Charles and Frank Duryea build the first practical gasoline-powered car. C. saw five million cars on American roads. D. was almost nonexistent. E. finally became feasible thanks to the innovations of Henry Ford.

C. saw five million cars on American roads.

In the late nineteenth century, industry in the United States A. obtained the bulk of its raw materials from Central and South America. B. faced a growing shortage of laborers. C. saw the federal government eager to assist in its growth. D. lacked adequate capital to expand the domestic market. E. suffered from an entrepreneurial deficit.

C. saw the federal government eager to assist in its growth.

Frederick Douglass A. was born free but was sold into slavery as a youth. B. wrote for William Lloyd Garrison's abolitionist newspaper. C. spent years lecturing in England against slavery. D. was an ordained minister. E. argued that blacks wanted only an end to slavery, and not full social equality.

C. spent years lecturing in England against slavery.

The 1876 Battle of Little Big Horn A. took place in Wyoming. B. saw the destruction of the entire Seventh Cavalry. C. was a short-lived Indian victory. D. marked the start of prolonged warfare in the Dakotas. E. saw the Sioux united under Sitting Bull and Geronimo.

C. was a short-lived Indian victory.

The 1854 Ostend Manifesto A. enraged Southern slave-owners. B. was directed at limiting England's influence in the Caribbean. C. was part of an attempt by the United States to acquire Cuba. D. saw several European powers denounce American slavery. E. prohibited slavery in the Hawaiian Islands.

C. was part of an attempt by the United States to acquire Cuba.

The Dawes Act of 1887 A. was intended to preserve traditional Indian culture. B. denied United States citizenship to landowning Indian adults. C. was viewed by the United States government as a plan to save the Indians. D. ended the United States government's effort to assimilate Indian tribes. E. reaffirmed tribal ownership of western lands in the face of white claims to it.

C. was viewed by the United States government as a plan to save the Indians.

Through novels such as The Last of the Mohicans, James Fenimore Cooper examined the significance of A. America's westward expansion. B. the American free-enterprise system. C. religious spiritualism in America. D. racism in America. E. slavery on the democratic mind.

A. America's westward expansion.

John Marshall was A. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at the time of Marbury v. Madison. B. appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court by Thomas Jefferson. C. a Republican. D. a former Vice-President of the United States. E. Secretary of State in the Jefferson administration, and Madison's successor.

A. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court at the time of Marbury v. Madison.

On April 14, 1861, Fort Sumter surrendered after A. Confederate forces bombarded it. B. President Lincoln chose to not resupply the fort. C. Southern soldiers occupied the fort. D. the fort's commander decided to join the Confederacy. E. the Union commanding officer, Robert Anderson, was killed.

A. Confederate forces bombarded it.

The Monroe Doctrine declared that A. European powers should not engage in new colonization of the American continents. B. the United States reserved the right to involve itself in European affairs. C. Cuba should come under the control of the United States. D. European powers should abandon all their interests in the Western Hemisphere. E. the United States had a "manifest destiny" to colonize North America.

A. European powers should not engage in new colonization of the American continents.

The so-called "corrupt bargain" was negotiated between A. Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams. B. William Crawford and John Quincy Adams. C. Henry Clay and Andrew Jackson. D. John C. Calhoun and Andrew Jackson. E. John Quincy Adams and John C. Calhoun.

A. Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams.

One actual slave revolt in the nineteenth-century South was led by A. Nat Turner. B. Denmark Vesey. C. Gabriel Prosser. D. Frederick Douglass. E. Harriet Tubman.

A. Nat Turner.

In 1845, the immediate cause of war with Mexico was A. a border dispute. B. tariffs. C. Mexico's debt to the United States. D. the issue of slavery. E. the Alamo.

A. a border dispute.

In regards to education, early nineteenth-century Republicans favored A. a nationwide system of free public schools for all male citizens. B. federal government paying the costs of primary schools. C. private schools as the primary institutions of learning. D. the practice that only the children of elite families received an education. E. free college education for all white male citizens of the republic.

A. a nationwide system of free public schools for all male citizens.

The experience of American banking during the War of 1812 revealed the need for A. another national bank. B. more state banks. C. a reduction in gold and silver reserves. D. an increase in the number of bank notes in circulation. E. currency backed by both gold and silver.

A. another national bank.

The Confederate States of America was formed A. before Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated president. B. after eleven Southern states had seceded. C. after Fort Sumter fell to forces from seceding states. D. in a meeting hall in Washington, D.C. E. despite the passage of the Crittenden Compromise.

A. before Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated president.

Mormonism A. believed in human perfectibility. B. emphasized individual liberty. C. was founded by Brigham Young. D. began in the Midwest. E. always rejected polygamy.

A. believed in human perfectibility.

Tecumseh A. believed the only effective means to resist white settlers was Indian tribal unity. B. encouraged Indian assimilation into the United States to save their lives. C. had a brother known as "the Shooting Star." D. fought against William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe. E. experienced a mystical awakening in the process of recovering from alcoholism.

A. believed the only effective means to resist white settlers was Indian tribal unity.

The message of the Second Great Awakening A. called for an active and fervent piety. B. restored the traditional belief in predestination. C. incorporated the belief of skeptical rationalism. D. found its greatest number of converts among young men. E. was rejected by most women as being retrograde and reactionary.

A. called for an active and fervent piety.

Jim Crow laws A. imposed a system of state-supported segregation. B. attacked the problem of lynching. C. led immediately to a dramatic black exodus from the South. D. challenged white redeemer rule in the South. E. did not apply to public parks, beaches, or picnic areas.

A. imposed a system of state-supported segregation.

The story of the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln A. involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration. B. saw John Wilkes Booth convicted of the murder of the president. C. brought a Radical Republican to the presidency. D. was intended to bring Andrew Johnson into the presidency. E. had been planned at the highest levels of the Confederate government.

A. involved a larger conspiracy to kill other members of the administration.

The 1848 Seneca Falls, New York convention on women's rights A. issued a manifesto patterned after the Declaration of Independence. B. asserted that women should have a place in society distinctly different from men. C. refused to allow men to attend. D. called on the government to treat both genders and all races with equality. E. shied away from demanding female suffrage as too radical.

A. issued a manifesto patterned after the Declaration of Independence.

The writings of Edgar Allan Poe were A. primarily sad and macabre. B. mostly ignored during his lifetime. C. largely focused on Southern society. D. acclaimed by many American writers in his time. E. completely ignored in Europe after his death.

A. primarily sad and macabre.

In the early nineteenth century, school education was largely the responsibility of A. private institutions. B. the states. C. individual cities and towns. D. the federal government. E. individual parents.

A. private institutions.

During the War of 1812, the Battle of the Thames A. saw Tecumseh killed while a brigadier general in the British army. B. led to the long American occupation of Canada. C. strengthened the resolve of the Indians in the Northwest. D. saw British forces come from Canada to attack Detroit. E. saw a surprise American attack in the heart of London

A. saw Tecumseh killed while a brigadier general in the British army.

In the late 1850s, many of the great landholders of the lower South were A. still first-generation settlers. B. part of a wealthy leisure class. C. from longstanding aristocratic families. D. rooted to one plantation for many generations. E. former Old World aristocrats emigrated from Europe.

A. still first-generation settlers.

William Lloyd Garrison believed the abolitionist movement should A. stress the damage that slavery did to blacks rather than to whites. B. seek the gradual elimination of slavery. C. demand freedom for slaves, but deny them citizenship. D. organize slave rebellions throughout the American South. E. join forces with the more established American Colonization Society.

A. stress the damage that slavery did to blacks rather than to whites.

The Mexican War resulted from A. the United States provoking Mexico to fight. B. Mexico provoking the United States to fight. C. Texas citizens attacking Mexican forces. D. Mexican forces attacking Americans in California. E. Texas citizens staging an attack by Mexican forces.

A. the United States provoking Mexico to fight.

Eli Whitney is a major figure in American technology for introducing A. the concept of interchangeable parts. B. the first modern factory. C. the steam engine. D. the mechanized assembly line. E. the steel plow.

A. the concept of interchangeable parts.

Orville and Wilbur Wright's first successful airplane flight in 1903 A. took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. B. used a battery-powered engine. C. lasted just over one minute. D. did not in fact take off by itself. E. All the answers are correct.

A. took place near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

Congressional passage of the Enforcement Acts in 1870-1871 A. was aimed at reducing white repression of blacks in the South. B. was designed to support the Black Codes. C. was vetoed by President Ulysses Grant. D. gave legal protection to the Ku Klux Klan. E. allowed white southerners to maintain a police state.

A. was aimed at reducing white repression of blacks in the South.

In the 1820s, most of the settlers from the United States who migrated to Texas were A. white Southerners and their slaves. B. white Northerners. C. free blacks. D. Far West whites. E. recently arrived European immigrants.

A. white Southerners and their slaves.

The last-ditch effort by a Kentucky senator to avoid the Civil War was called the ______________________ Compromise.

Ans: Crittenden

Walt Whitman's first book of poems was titled ______________________.

Ans: Leaves of Grass

Enemies of President Grant and "Grantism" were called __________ Republicans.

Ans: Liberal

Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote the novel __________________.

Ans: Uncle Tom's Cabin

The notion that people should be able to vote on the matter of slavery in the territories was called ________________________.

Ans: popular sovereignty

In 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached because he A. violated the Tenure of Office Act. B. offered political opposition to Radical Republicans. C. dismissed Edwin Stanton from office. D. All the answers are correct.

D. All the answers are correct.

In Cohens v. Virginia (1821), Chief Justice John Marshall affirmed the constitutionality of A. Supreme Court review of Congressional laws. B. state court review of Congressional laws. C. state court review of state laws. D. Supreme Court review of state court decisions. E. state court overturning of corporate charters.

D. Supreme Court review of state court decisions.

The key to victory for the United States in the Mexican War was A. Zachary Taylor's taking of Monterrey. B. the Bear Flag revolution in California. C. Stephen Kearny's capture of Santa Fe. D. Winfield Scott's seizure of Mexico City. E. Nicholas Trist's diplomatic maneuvering.

D. Winfield Scott's seizure of Mexico City.

The Erie Canal was A. limited to flat land. B. built entirely by private investors. C. built without either locks or gates. D. a tremendous financial success. E. a great boon to the growth of Philadelphia.

D. a tremendous financial success.

The writing of the Monroe Doctrine A. had an immediate and dramatic effect on American policy. B. was primarily based on the earlier writings of Thomas Jefferson. C. was motivated by American interests in Hawaii. D. deeply angered the European powers. E. was an important example of American nationalism.

D. deeply angered the European powers.

In 1836, the Battle of San Jacinto A. was a victory for General Santa Anna. B. saw British troops fight alongside Mexican troops. C. resulted in victory for forces led by Stephen Austin. D. led to independence for Texas. E. saw Sam Houston briefly taken prisoner.

D. led to independence for Texas.

During the War of 1812, the United States achieved early military success A. on the Atlantic Ocean. B. in New England. C. in the Carolinas. D. on the Great Lakes. E. in the Caribbean.

D. on the Great Lakes.

In the 1830s, Cyrus McCormick improved grain farming when he patented his A. tractor. B. thresher. C. plow. D. reaper. E. mower.

D. reaper.

The "peculiar institution" was a Southern reference to A. the plantation. B. manufacturing. C. capitalism. D. slavery. E. democracy.

D. slavery.

The cotton gin was invented by A. Robert Fulton. B. Eli Whitney. C. Samuel Slater. D. Albert Gallatin. E. Moses Brown.

B. Eli Whitney.

The policy expressed in the Monroe Doctrine was principally directed at A. Mexico. B. Europe. C. American Indians. D. Asia. E. Southern slaveholders.

B. Europe.

The representative from New York who proposed an 1819 amendment prohibiting slavery in Missouri was A. Rufus King. B. James Tallmadge, Jr. C. Henry Clay. D. John C. Calhoun. E. John Jacob Astor.

B. James Tallmadge, Jr.

Herman Melville's most important literary work was A. Leaves of Grass. B. Moby Dick. C. The Deerslayer. D. "The Raven." E. Uncle Tom's Cabin.

B. Moby Dick.

As Republicans planned for Reconstruction, A. Conservatives sought many conditions to readmit the former Confederate states. B. Radicals sought a range of punishments for white Southerners. C. President Lincoln suggested that no conditions be put on the former Confederate states. D. no thought had been given to the task until the war had ended. E. Moderates believed the South should be readmitted without any concessions on black rights.

B. Radicals sought a range of punishments for white Southerners.

The Crittenden Compromise found its greatest support in A. Republican senators. B. Southern slaveowners. C. President Abraham Lincoln. D. abolitionists. E. the western territories.

B. Southern slaveowners.

Which statement about the War of 1812 is TRUE? A. England was eager for war with the United States. B. The United States entered the war with enthusiasm and optimism. C. The initial American focus of the war was on controlling the Mississippi River. D. The military struggle on the Great Lakes was a disaster for the United States. E. The outmatched Americans saw no military successes at all during the war.

B. The United States entered the war with enthusiasm and optimism.

The Compromise of 1850 allowed for the admission of California A. as a slave state. B. along with a strengthened Fugitive Slave Act. C. along with an agreement to construct a transcontinental railroad. D. with the agreement that there would be no additional states added for ten years. E. as a free state, along with Utah and New Mexico as slave states.

B. along with a strengthened Fugitive Slave Act.

Among his ideas, Booker T. Washington A. rejected the ideology of the "New South creed." B. favored industrial over classical education. C. called on the federal government to offer job training for blacks. D. proposed an exodus of blacks from the South to the West. E. argued that blacks spent too much time trying to impress the white middle class.

B. favored industrial over classical education.

During the Jefferson administration, the British claimed the right to stop American merchant ships and seize A. vessels that had deserters on board from British ships. B. naturalized Americans born on British soil. C. any persons they chose. D. all military cargo. E. any slaves found on board.

B. naturalized Americans born on British soil.

Transcendentalists A. rejected European intellectuals. B. regarded reason to be the most important human faculty. C. argued that emotional responses inhibited the internal development of individuals. D. believed all individuals should develop their intellectualism. E. argued for the liberating potential of "understanding."

B. regarded reason to be the most important human faculty.

Following John Brown's 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry, many Southerners assumed A. the raid was the isolated act of an antislavery fanatic. B. the North was dominated by people intent on destroying the South. C. Northern politicians would use the raid as an excuse to further restrict slavery. D. the abolitionist movement would shortly fall into disgrace. E. his execution would put a stop to Northern agitation over slavery once and for all.

B. the North was dominated by people intent on destroying the South.

In 1890, at Wounded Knee, South Dakota A. Plains Indians mounted their last major attack on white Americans. B. the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians. C. the Sioux attempted to leave the reservation for Canada. D. the U.S. Seventh Cavalry suffered no casualties. E. All the answers are correct.

B. the U.S. Seventh Cavalry massacred two hundred Indians.

The Second Great Awakening helped spread all of the following denominations EXCEPT A. the Baptists. B. the Unitarians. C. the Presbyterians. D. the Methodists. E. the Baptists and the Unitarians.

B. the Unitarians.

During the Civil War, naval activity was particularly important on the A. Chesapeake. B. western rivers. C. southern gulf. D. Great Lakes. E. Outer Banks.

B. western rivers.

The Supreme Court's ruling in the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) A. stated that Congress had no authority to expand the power of the Supreme Court. B. stated that the Supreme Court had the power to nullify an act of Congress. C. ordered Secretary of State Madison to deliver Marbury his commission. D. stated that the Supreme Court had no authority to expand the power of the Supreme Court, and that the Supreme Court had the power to nullify an act of Congress. E. stated that the Supreme Court had the power to nullify an act of Congress, and ordered Secretary of State Madison to deliver Marbury his commission.

D. stated that the Supreme Court had no authority to expand the power of the Supreme Court, and that the Supreme Court had the power to nullify an act of Congress.

Napoleon decided to sell the entire Louisiana Territory to the United States because A. the French Army on the American continent had been decimated by disease. B. he wanted to raise money for his armies in Europe. C. he believed the Louisiana Territory was a "great desert" unfit for habitation. D. the French Army on the American continent had been decimated by disease, and he wanted to raise money for his armies in Europe. E. he wanted to raise money for his armies in Europe, and he believe the Louisiana Territory was a "great desert" unfit for habitation.

D. the French Army on the American continent had been decimated by disease, and he wanted to raise money for his armies in Europe.

Under the treaty terms for the Louisiana Purchase, A. the United States agreed to make annual payments to France for twenty years. B. the United States would gain exclusive access to the port of New Orleans. C. residents living in Louisiana were to be made citizens of France. D. the land boundaries were not clearly defined. E. the United States had to remain neutral in the war between England and France.

D. the land boundaries were not clearly defined.

According to the ideas expressed by Andrew Carnegie in his The Gospel of Wealth, A. successful businessmen had every right to live as they pleased. B. only pious Americans would prosper. C. it was the "Christian duty" of every American to become wealthy. D. the rich had great responsibilities to society. E. the wealthy had earned their money through God's blessing alone.

D. the rich had great responsibilities to society.

The writer Judith Sargent Murray argued that women A. should have the same educational opportunities as men. B. were equal to men in intellect and potential. C. should have a role in society apart from their husbands. D. should have opportunities to earn their own livings. E. All the answers are correct.

E. All the answers are correct.

The black abolitionist who called for uncompromising opposition to and a violent overthrow of slavery in his 1829 Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World was A. William Lloyd Garrison. B. Frederick Douglass. C. Elijah Lovejoy. D. Benjamin Lundy. E. David Walker.

E. David Walker.

Which of the following nineteenth-century leaders is primarily known for her pioneering work in the American feminist movement? A. "Mother" Ann Lee B. Harriet Tubman C. Sojourner Truth D. Rachel Eaton E. Elizabeth Cady Stanton

E. Elizabeth Cady Stanton

In 1886, the end of formal warfare between the United States and American Indians was marked by the surrender of A. Cochise. B. Wovoka. C. Mangas Colorados. D. Sitting Bull. E. Geronimo.

E. Geronimo.

Which of the following statements regarding the Kansas-Nebraska Act is FALSE? A. It divided and destroyed the Whig Party. B. It led to the creation of the Republican Party. C. It created two new territories. D. It explicitly repealed the Missouri Compromise. E. It was sponsored by Henry Clay

E. It was sponsored by Henry Clay

In the 1858 Abraham Lincoln-Stephen Douglas debates, A. Lincoln called for a full and immediate abolition of slavery. B. Lincoln made his case so strongly that he was elected to the Senate. C. the two men agreed that a civil war over slavery was inevitable. D. Douglas asserted that slavery was legal but not immoral. E. Lincoln argued slavery was a threat to the growth of white free labor.

E. Lincoln argued slavery was a threat to the growth of white free labor.

The so-called "corrupt bargain" of 1824 involved A. the sale of public land to supporters of the Monroe administration. B. political payoffs and bribery involving the Treasury Department. C. illegal contracts between the State Department and private corporations. D. federal funds for internal improvements to certain states in exchange for electoral votes. E. a political deal to determine the outcome of the presidential election.

E. a political deal to determine the outcome of the presidential election.

Under the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the United States A. officially acquired only Texas. B. gave up rights to California (for a time) in exchange for New Mexico and Texas. C. established an open border with Mexico. D. established an American protectorate over Mexico. E. agreed to pay millions to Mexico.

E. agreed to pay millions to Mexico.

In the 1850s, the United States policy of "concentration" for Indians A. set the basis for Indian policy for the rest of the century. B. affirmed and continued the previous federal treatment of Indians. C. had many benefits for both whites and Indians. D. reduced conflicts between whites and Indians. E. assigned all tribes to their own defined reservations.

E. assigned all tribes to their own defined reservations.

The Second Great Awakening A. rejected the idea of the Trinity. B. was consistent with the ideas of the Enlightenment. C. helped promote universalism and Unitarianism. D. was confined to New England. E. began as an effort by church establishments to revitalize their organizations.

E. began as an effort by church establishments to revitalize their organizations.

In his 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech, Booker T. Washington A. called for political and civil rights for black Americans. B. criticized the federal government for abandoning Southern blacks. C. argued that blacks should honor their African forebears. D. stated that blacks should give up in seeking equality with whites. E. called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.

E. called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.

In 1804, the Federalists known as the Essex Junto A. were led by Alexander Hamilton. B. believed slavery could not be allowed to expand into the territories. C. feared that the United States might be divided by secessionists. D. attempted to interest Napoleon in reclaiming Louisiana. E. feared the westward growth of the United States.

E. feared the westward growth of the United States.

In the mid-1840s, the Oregon country in the Pacific Northwest A. remained the center of the French fur-trading empire. B. was primarily occupied by Great Britain. C. contained many more English settlers than Americans. D. was of little interest to the American government. E. included an Indian population that had been devastated by disease.

E. included an Indian population that had been devastated by disease.

The early nineteenth century in America is known as the "turnpike era" because A. most towns and villages became connected by a network of inexpensive roads. B. Americans stopped transporting goods by canal in favor of roads. C. the federal government provided free land to road construction companies. D. concrete was first developed as a long-life road surface. E. many roads were built for profit by private companies.

E. many roads were built for profit by private companies.

The Wilmot Proviso A. banned all slavery west of the Mississippi River. B. passed in the House and was signed into law. C. overturned the Missouri Compromise. D. was an appropriation to pay for peace with Mexico. E. prohibited slavery in any land acquired from Mexico.

E. prohibited slavery in any land acquired from Mexico.

The election of 1828 A. was decided by the House of Representatives. B. saw Andrew Jackson receive the largest majority in American political history. C. saw Andrew Jackson sweep most of New England. D. represented to Jacksonians a victory for the forces of privilege. E. saw the emergence of a new two-party system.

E. saw the emergence of a new two-party system.

The Supreme Court held in the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) A. that Scott must be freed under federal law. B. slaves were property unless they moved to a free state. C. states were not allowed to abolish slavery within their borders. D. the freedom of a slave could not be purchased by a black person. E. the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

E. the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

As a result of the War of 1812, A. politicians spent less time on questions of national economic development. B. American banking was stabilized. C. America's internal transportation system proved its worthiness. D. American shippers experienced a financial boom. E. the growth of American manufacturing was stimulated.

E. the growth of American manufacturing was stimulated.

President Abraham Lincoln's "ten percent" plan for the South referred to A. the area of land in each state that should be reserved for former slaves. B. the ratio of federal to state money to be spent in rebuilding the Southern economy. C. the ratio of federal troops to freed slaves in each Southern state. D. the percentage of freed slaves who must be given the vote before setting up a state government. E. the number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government.

E. the number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government.

During the Second Great Awakening, the Indian revivalist Handsome Lake called for A. the adoption by Indian tribes of white American culture. B. an armed Indian rebellion against white American society. C. the United States to live up to its broken treaties with Indian tribes. D. the return of lands taken from Indian tribes by the United States. E. the restoration of traditional Indian culture.

E. the restoration of traditional Indian culture.

The business structure of Standard Oil was a good example of A. vertical integration. B. horizontal integration. C. diagonal integration. D. central integration. E. vertical and horizontal integration.

E. vertical and horizontal integration.

In the early nineteenth century, "mountain men" A. were mostly older settlers of an earlier era. B. had little impact on the character of the Far West society. C. were the dominant segment of the population in the Far West. D. frequently warred against Indian and Mexican peoples. E. very often married Indian and Mexican women.

E. very often married Indian and Mexican women.

In 1812, Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun could best be described as A. Jeffersonians. B. pacifists. C. secessionists. D. Federalists. E. war hawks.

E. war hawks.

Between 1800 and 1830, immigration to the United States A. was the most significant factor in the nation's population growth. B. consisted mostly of people from southern Europe. C. was at its peak for the century. D. consisted mostly of people from Germany and Russia. E. was not a significant contributor to the national population.

E. was not a significant contributor to the national population.

In 1803 the Supreme Court defined its authority over Congress with its ruling in the case of _________________.

Marbury vs. Madison

Tenskwatawa, otherwise known as _________, was a brother of __________.

the Prophet, Tecumseh

On the eve of the Civil War, ____________ was the major means of transportation in the South.

water