anaphase
chromosome
1. structure made of DNA and associated proteins on which genes are located 2. the completely coiled up version of a DNA present during mitosis or meiosis
chromatin
DNA wound around histone proteins but loosely spread throughout the nucleus
centriole
component of the spindle that organizes chromosome separation
cytokinesis
division of cytoplasm to form two separate cells
prophase
first stage of mitosis; chromosomes condense , centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell, spindle forms, and nuclear envelope dissolves
binary fission
form of asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring
telophase
fourth stage of mitosis; nuclear envelope forms around chromosomes at each end of the cell, chromosomes uncoil, spindle dissolves
chromatid
one of the two copies of DNA that make up a replicated chromosome during mitosis
interphase
period between two mitotic cell divisions in a eukaryotic cell during which the cell carries out routine functions, copies its DNA, and prepares to divide
mitosis
process during cell division in which the nucleus of a cell is divided into two nuclei; each nucleus has the same number and kind of chromosomes as in the original cell
centromere
region joining two chromatids
cell cycle
repeating 5 phase sequence of eukaryotic cell growth and division;g1, S, g2, mitosis, cytokinesis
metaphase
second stage of mitosis; chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell, spindle fibers attach to chromosomes
G2 (2nd growth phase)
stage of cell cycle during which preparations for cell division is made
G1 (1st growth phase)
stage of cell cycle in which routine functions are carried out and growth occurs
S (synthesis) phase
stage of cell cycle when DNA synthesis occurs (all DNA is copied)
spindles
structure composed of centrioles and microtubule protein fibers that move chromosomes or chromatids apart during cell division
cell division
the portion of the cell cycle during which the nucleus and then the cytoplasm divides
anaphase
third stage of mitosis; centromeres split, chromatids separate to opposite ends of the cell as spindle fibers shorten
