Anatomy and Physiology- Ch 10 HW

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Increased sodium ion concentrations in the body can be caused by which adrenal hormone?

aldosterone

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce

corticosteroids

The target organs for the parathyroid hormone and calcitonin are

kidneys, bone, and digestive system

The hormone responsible for daily changes in physiological processes that follow a day-night pattern is

melatonin

The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is

parathyroid hormone

Which endocrine gland stores its hormone in follicle cavities?

thyroid

Thyroid hormones are derived from the amino acid

tyrosine

Another name for antidiuretic hormone is

vasopressin

Which of the following glands is NOT matched with the correct hormone?

Hypothalamus: cortisol

Hormone concentration levels are most commonly controlled by

negative feedback

Hypothalamic hormones that stimulate the synthesis and secretion of one or more hormones in the anterior lobe are called

releasing hormones

One hormone that is released from the adrenal medulla is

epinephrine

The hormone that is released by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in kidney tissues is

erythropoietin

Neurotransmitters are to the nervous system as ________ to the endocrine system.

hormones are

In the simplest case, endocrine activity may be controlled by changes in the extracellular fluid composition called ________ stimuli.

humoral

Hormones from the _________, which travel in the hypophyseal portal vessels, alter the activity of the anterior pituitary.

hypothalamus

Which of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative?

melatonin

Which of the following stimulates the release of steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex?

ACTH

Which is a mineralocorticoid hormone?

aldosterone

Target cells of hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones are located in the

anterior pituitary

Steroid hormones

are structurally similar to cholesterol

An important second messenger in hormonal action is

cAMP

Increased levels of the hormone _______ will lead to decreased levels of calcium ions in the blood

calcitonin

One adrenal hormone that affects glucose metabolism is

cortisol

Adrenal gland medulla releases the hormone

epinephrine

Which of the following primarily targets the gonads (ovaries and testes)?

follicle-stimulating hormone

The alpha cells of the pancreas produce

glucagon

The pancreas raises blood sugar for what hormone?

glucagon

When blood glucose levels fall,

glucagon is released

Hypothalamic signals reach the anterior pituitary through the

hypophyseal portal system

The highest level of endocrine control is provided by the

hypothalamus

Which of the following is the pancreatic hormone that is released when blood glucose levels rise?

insulin

Which hormone is NOT matched with its function?

melatonin: producing skin color

The outer zone of the adrenal cortex produces

mineralocorticoids

Where are the parathyroid glans located?

on the posterior aspect of the thyroid

Disorders associated with thyroid hormone excess have symptoms related to

weight loss

The posterior lobe consists of which 2 hormones?

ADH and oxytocin


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