Anatomy and Physiology- Ch 10 HW
Increased sodium ion concentrations in the body can be caused by which adrenal hormone?
aldosterone
Cells of the adrenal cortex produce
corticosteroids
The target organs for the parathyroid hormone and calcitonin are
kidneys, bone, and digestive system
The hormone responsible for daily changes in physiological processes that follow a day-night pattern is
melatonin
The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is
parathyroid hormone
Which endocrine gland stores its hormone in follicle cavities?
thyroid
Thyroid hormones are derived from the amino acid
tyrosine
Another name for antidiuretic hormone is
vasopressin
Which of the following glands is NOT matched with the correct hormone?
Hypothalamus: cortisol
Hormone concentration levels are most commonly controlled by
negative feedback
Hypothalamic hormones that stimulate the synthesis and secretion of one or more hormones in the anterior lobe are called
releasing hormones
One hormone that is released from the adrenal medulla is
epinephrine
The hormone that is released by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in kidney tissues is
erythropoietin
Neurotransmitters are to the nervous system as ________ to the endocrine system.
hormones are
In the simplest case, endocrine activity may be controlled by changes in the extracellular fluid composition called ________ stimuli.
humoral
Hormones from the _________, which travel in the hypophyseal portal vessels, alter the activity of the anterior pituitary.
hypothalamus
Which of the following hormones is an amino acid derivative?
melatonin
Which of the following stimulates the release of steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex?
ACTH
Which is a mineralocorticoid hormone?
aldosterone
Target cells of hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones are located in the
anterior pituitary
Steroid hormones
are structurally similar to cholesterol
An important second messenger in hormonal action is
cAMP
Increased levels of the hormone _______ will lead to decreased levels of calcium ions in the blood
calcitonin
One adrenal hormone that affects glucose metabolism is
cortisol
Adrenal gland medulla releases the hormone
epinephrine
Which of the following primarily targets the gonads (ovaries and testes)?
follicle-stimulating hormone
The alpha cells of the pancreas produce
glucagon
The pancreas raises blood sugar for what hormone?
glucagon
When blood glucose levels fall,
glucagon is released
Hypothalamic signals reach the anterior pituitary through the
hypophyseal portal system
The highest level of endocrine control is provided by the
hypothalamus
Which of the following is the pancreatic hormone that is released when blood glucose levels rise?
insulin
Which hormone is NOT matched with its function?
melatonin: producing skin color
The outer zone of the adrenal cortex produces
mineralocorticoids
Where are the parathyroid glans located?
on the posterior aspect of the thyroid
Disorders associated with thyroid hormone excess have symptoms related to
weight loss
The posterior lobe consists of which 2 hormones?
ADH and oxytocin
