Anatomy & Physiology: Chapter 25: The Urinary System

The specific gravity of urine is around ___ heavier than water.

1

What is the GFR (glomerular filtration rate)?

125ml/ minute or 7.5 liters/hour

___ml-___ml of urine stimulates micronutrition (urination).

200-400ml

The normal pH of urine is around ___.

6

This structure is a capillary bed from which blood is filtered into the nephron...

glomerulus

The vessel that supplies blood to the nephron is called the...

afferent arteriole

ADH or ____ ___ is secreted by the posterior Pituitary gland and promotes reabsorption of water in the collecting ducts, thus reducing the amount of water in urine.

antidiurectic hormone

The outermost portion of the kidney is called the renal...

cortex

One of the processes in the formation of urine; this moves water and solutes, except plasma proteins from the blood plasma into the nephron to form filtrate. Blood cells and platelets are not normally part of the filtrate.

glomerular filtration

As urine is formed it flows through the collecting ducts to enter, in order, the following structures...

minor calyces, major calyces, renal pelvis, ureter

___ is the functional unit of the kidneys. Each kidney contains about one million ___.

nephron(s)

Name the structures in the kidney that produce urine...

nephrons

Abnormal urine has....

protein(albumin), RBC, glucose, pus, platelets, bile and hemoglobin

Normal urine has....

water, urea, Na, K, Cl, PO4 ions, creatinine and uric acid

Blood flows from the peritubular capillary to the renal vein through this sequence of vessels...

cortical radiate vein, arcuate vein, interlobar vein

The functions of the urinary system include...

excreting nitrogenous wastes, maintaining electrolyte balance, and maintaining acid-base and fluid balance

List the parts of the nephron in correct sequential order...

glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop

The renal artery enters the kidney at this indented area.

hilum

Of the following urinary system organs, the homeostatic functions are performed by the...

kidneys

The ___ ___ is made up of a glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.

renal corpuscle

___ ___: proximal convoluted tubules (PCT), Nephron loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubules (DCT) and the collecting duct.

renal tubule

What is the function of ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra?

transporting or storing urine

One of the processes in the formation of urine; this removes useful substances from the filtrate and returns them to the blood. Tubular secretion moves additional wastes and excess substances from the blood into filtrate.

tubular reabsorption

One of the processes in the formation of urine; this is essentially the reverse of tubular reabsorption.

tubular secretion

Select the structure or structures that are much longer in males than in females...

urethra