Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 7: Bones
cervical curvature
Top of spine (c1-c7)
true
True or False: The atlas comes before the axis
False
True or False: There are intervertebral discs between the atlas and axis
humerus
Upper arm bone
sacral curvature and cocyx
Very end of spine that are fused together
body
Weight-bearing part, also called the centrum
atlas, axis, cervical vertebrae
What three parts of cervical region contain foramina in the transverse processes
spinous and transverse
What to processes provide levers for the muscles to pull against
body and transverse process
What two things provide articulation points for the ribs
ethmoid
Which is the most deeply situated bone in the skull?
scaphoid and lunate
Which two carpals attach to the radius
clavicle
Commonly called the collarbone
atlas
A circle of bone that articulates superiorly with the occipital condyles
thoracic vertebrae
All ribs articulate posteriorly with what
coronoid fossa
Anterior depression, superior to the trochlea, that receives part of the ulna when the forearm is flexed
axis
Bears a peg-shaped dens that acts as a pivot
cervical vertebrae
Bifid spinous process
radius, ulna
Bones of the forearm
clavicle, scapula
Bones of the shoulder girdle
carpals
Bones of the wrist
scapula, sternum
Bones that articulate with the clavicle
lumbar curvature
Bottom of spine (l1-l5)
scoliosis
Curved spine
lumbar vertebrae
This region has five in number and are not fused together
trochlea
Distal medial process of the humerus; joins the ulna
thoracic vertebrae
This region has 12 in number and are not fused together
sphenoid
Encloses the pituitary gland
ulna
Forearm bone most involved in formation of the elbow joint
metacarpals
Form the palm of the hand
occipital bone
Forms most of the base of the skull
ethmoid
Forms part of the nasal septum
parietal bone
Forms the bulk of the cranial ceiling
cocyx
Fused rudimentary vertebrae; tailbone
lumbar vertebrae
Has the thickest bodies; short, blunt spinous processes
thoracic vertebrae
Have articular facets for the ribs on their bodies and transverse processes
12
Humans have ________ pairs of ribs
frontal bone
Is the most anterior part of the cranium
lordosis
Makes your back bend in, a dent
kyphosis
Makes your back have a lump
ulna
Medial bone of the forearm in anatomical position
thoracic curvature
Middle of spine (t1-t12)
sternum
Most ribs articulate anteriorly with what
intervertebral foramina
Openings allowing spinal nerves to pass
clavicle
Pectoral girdle bone that articulate anteriorly with the sternum
scapula
Pectoral girdle bone that is freely moveable
acromion
Point where scapula and clavicle connect
vertebral arch
Portion enclosing the nerve cord
coracoid process
Process above the glenoid fossa that permits muscle attachment
deltoid tuberosity
Projection on lateral surface of humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches
true ribs
Ribs 1-7
floating ribs
Ribs 11-12
false ribs
Ribs 8-10
capitulum
Rounded knob on the humerus that articulates with the radius
sacrum
Shield-shaped composite bone; has alae
glenoid cavity
Socket in the scapula for the arm bone
temporal bone
Surrounds the external ear canal
vomer
The ______ does not form a part of the orbits of the eye
hyoid
The _______ bone does not articulate with any other bone
mandible
The ________ does not articulate with the maxilla
cocyx
The inferior end of the vertebral column is composed of the ___________
pelvic girdle
The lower limb bones are attached to the axial skeleton by the what
movement
The major function of the appendicular skeleton is what
heart and lugs
The organs protected by the thoracic cage include
5
The palm of your hand is made up of _____ metacarpals
2, 3
The thumb has ____ phalanges whereas the other fingers have ____ phalanges each
protection and support
The two major functions of the axial skeleton are what
pectoral girdle
The upper limb bones are attached to the axial skeleton by what
